Exam 5 - Infectious Endocarditis

Question 1

What are the two types of Infectious Endocarditis?

Answer 1

1) Acute

2) Subacute

Question 2

Name the bacteria associated with Acute IE?

Answer 2

S. aureus, Gram(-) rods

Question 3

Name the bacteria associated with Subacute IE.

Answer 3

Viridans streptococci

Question 4

What is the most causative organism for IE?

Answer 4

S. aureus

Question 5

How many heart valves do we have?

Answer 5

4

Question 6

Name the four heart valves.

Answer 6

1) Aortic valve
2) Mitral valve

3) Pulmonic valve
4) Tricuspid valve

Question 7

Which type of IE is caused by IVDU?

Answer 7

Right-sided

Question 8

Which type of IE is complicated by an embolic stroke?

Answer 8

Left-sided

Question 9

T/F: Both sides/types of IE require surgery.

Answer 9

FALSE

-No surgery in IVDU, right-sided IE

Question 10

Why is DM a risk factor for IE?

Answer 10

Because high sugars allows stuff to grow

Question 11

Name the bacteria that have good adherence properties.

Answer 11

• Staphylococci
• Enterococci viridans streptococci
• P. aeruginosa

Question 12

Name the 3 physical findings of IE.

Answer 12

1) Petechiae
2) Osler nodes
3) Janeway lesions

Question 13

Which of the two types of IE has lower mortality?

Answer 13

Right-sided IE (IVDU)

Question 14

Name the typical organisms involved in positive blood cultures for IE (4).

Answer 14

1) Viridans strep
2) Streptococcus bovis
3) HACEK group S. aureus
4) Community-acquired enterococci

Question 15

What would be the clinical criteria for a diagnosis of IE?

Answer 15

• 2 major criteria
• 1 major and 3 minor criteria
• 5 minor criteria

Question 16

What would be the criteria for a possible IE diagnosis?

Answer 16

• 1 major and 1 minor criteria

- 3 minor criteria

Question 17

Which two organisms are most associated with IE?

Answer 17

1) Staphylococcus

2) Streptococcus

Question 18

What organisms are included in the HACEK group?

Answer 18

H - Haemophilus
A - Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans 
C - Cardiobacterium hominis 
E - Eikenella
K - Kingella kingae

Question 19

Empiric therapy for endocarditis (prior to blood culture) = ?

Answer 19

Vancomycin + Cefepime

Question 20

MSSA infectious endocarditis treatment = ?

Answer 20

Nafcillin/Oxacillin + Rifampin + Gentamicin

Question 21

MRSA infectious endocarditis treatment = ?

Answer 21

Vancomycin + Rifampin + Gentamicin

Question 22

Enterococcus infectious endocarditis treatment = ?

Answer 22

Ampicillin + Gentamicin

OR

Ampicillin + Ceftriaxone

Question 23

IE treatment for a pt with an allergy or an organism that is PCN-resistant = ?

Answer 23

Vancomycin + Gentamicin

Question 24

What treatment is considered in VRE species in IE?

Answer 24

Daptomycin

Question 25

In dental procedures what organism is the target for prophylaxis?

Answer 25

Viridans group streptococci

Question 26

What is empiric therapy for endocarditis?

Answer 26

Vancomycin + Cefepime