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Counseling Research > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Practice gap

A

Researchers are typically not practicing and practicing counselors are often too busy for research

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2
Q

Ethnics Basics (5)

A 
Nonmaleficence
Beneficence
Autonomy
Justice  
Fidelity
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3
Q

Federal research misconduct

A

Fabrication
Falsification
Plagiarism

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4
Q

Fabrication

A

Making up data

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5
Q

Falsification

A

Manipulating the experiment to get the data you want

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6
Q

Plagiarism

A

Taking credit for someone else’s work

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7
Q

Ethical research issues

A 
Participants
Cultural considerations
 Researcher biased surveys 
Data tampering
 Acknowledge limitations
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8
Q

Sampling ethics (participants)

A 
Finding
Bribes
Informed consent
IRB approval
Briefing/debriefing
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9
Q

Informed consent

A

Provide contact information
Description and Time needed
Risks
Confidentiality

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10
Q

Purpose statement

A

Summarizes the topic And goals

Locations: Beginning and after literature review

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11
Q

Research questions

A

Explore potential relationship between constructs

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12
Q

3 Types of research questions

A

Descriptive

Difference

Relationship

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13
Q

Descriptive research questions

A

Asks about an event or phenomenon

Usually qualitative

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14
Q

Difference - research questions

A

Asking about the differences between groups or within participants

ANOVAS & MANOVAS

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15
Q

Relationship - Research questions

A

The degree to which two or more contracts are related

Correlation: T-test & Regression

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16
Q

Hypothesis

A

States the expected relationship between constructs

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17
Q

Manuscript (6 parts)

A

Title

Abstract

Intro / lit review

Method

Results

Discussion

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18
Q

Parts of the Method section

A

Participants
measures
procedures
design

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19
Q

Measure/Materials

A

What instruments are using to measure your data

Will materials be needed?

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20
Q

Design

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A

What are you looking for and how are you measure it?

Data Analysis Plan

21
Q

Procedure

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A

The step-by-step process

Someone should be able to replicate

22
Q

Design

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A

Conceptual framework of the study

23
Q

Measurement

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A

Identifying variables

operationally defining the variables and collecting on the data

24
Q

Analysis

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A

Statistical tools - quantitative

Coding - qualitative

To test RQ

25
Experimental
Subjects are randomly assigned to groups for different levels of treatment
26
Quasi-experimental
Subjects are not randomly assigned
27
Hierarchy of research designs (traditional view)
Experimental quasi experimental correlational descriptive qualitative
28
Control = Internal validity
High Internal validity = better causal inferences Low internal validity = inferences about relationships, NOT causality
29
Generalizability
External validity
30
4 factors of choosing a research design
existing knowledge Inferences made (theory) Resources $$ Threats to validity
31
Methodological diversity
More investigations = More knowledge = Better profession
32
Independent variable
Researcher manipulates
33
Depending variable
gives D for Data
34
Single blind study
Subject does not know group assignment
35
Double-blind study
Neither researcher or experimenter are aware of the subjects group assignment
36
Factorial experiment
Used with two or more independent variables To study their independent and interactive effects on the DV
37
Control group
Does not receive the IV
38
Experimental group
Receives the independent variable
39
Internal validity
Determines if measurement is actually correct Needed to make causal inferences
40
Determines if DV he’s truly influenced by experimental IV Or other factors
Internal validity
41
Threats to internal validity
Relationships may already exist prior to treatment
42
External validity Threats
If the sample doesn’t accurately represent the population
43
Construct validity
The degree to which measured variables represent the hypothesized constructs
44
Threads to construct validity
Poor defined constructs
45
Reliability
The degree scores reflect the true score of individuals
46
Lowering the significance level
Reduced risk of a type one error BUT Increases risk of a type two error
47
Increasing sample size
Lowers the risk of errors
48
Chance factors
Errors Also statistic rely on probability There’s always a chance the results were merely chance occurrences

Counseling Research (2 decks)

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