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Ethnobotany > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the second most popular beverage in the world?

A

Tea

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2
Q

Where are tea plants native:

A

Himalayas

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3
Q

What did native americans add to their chocolate beverages?

A

Chilis

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4
Q

What dynasty developed black, green, and oolong tea?

A

Ming

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5
Q

Why did American colonist dump tea into the boston harbor?

A

colonists found smuggled tea cheaper. Britain didn’t like it so they put a tax on tea. colonists didn’t like that so they dumped tea into the harbor.

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6
Q

What part of chocolate liquor makes up white chocolate?

A

cocoa butter

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7
Q

Which tea has a white tint from being dried quickly, it also is full of nutrients?

A

white tea

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8
Q

Which is not true about green tea?

A

Green tea is dried a very long time about 10-20 hours, then allowed to ferment and, then placed in heat chambers

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9
Q

What did Dr. Styth Pamberton create in 1886?

A

coca-cola

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10
Q

Which tea is “black dragon tea?”

A

oolong tea

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11
Q

Which tea product was introduced at the 1904 St. Louis world’s fair?

A

iced tea

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12
Q

What type of plant is a coffee bush?

A

perennial

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13
Q

Experts recommend how many cups of tea a day?

A

4

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14
Q

About how much was a pound of tea in the 17th century?

A

30-$50

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15
Q

What year was the disposable banana fiber tea bag introduced?

A

1930

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16
Q

Why is black tea, coffee, and chocolate so flavorful?

A

they are fermented

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17
Q

What country produces the most tea in the world?

A

India

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18
Q

What country is coffee native?

A

ethiopia

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19
Q

How many coffee houses were in england by 1675?

A

3000

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20
Q

What were coffee houses called in the 17th century?

A

penny universities

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21
Q

Which coffee processing produces a very flavorful sweet coffee because the endocarp and mesocarp had oxidized while drying?

A

Dry processing (natural)

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22
Q

Today we use hot water to remove ___ from coffee beans, but we used to use harmful chemicals that are now considered dangerous

A

caffine

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23
Q

According to Cornell University, how does a countries climate correlate to the spics they use?

A

The hotter the climate the more spices used

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24
Q

Have spices started wars?

A

yes

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25
Q

Which empire used scented oil lamps, perfumes, and flavoring their food? (They began a direct trade with India in 65A.D.)

A

Roman Empire

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26
Q

“Quills” comes from what spice?

A

cinnamon

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27
Q

What part of the plant does the clove spice come from?

A

The unopened flower buds

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28
Q

Which spice is not similar to Allspice?

A

cinnamon

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29
Q

What 2 spices come from the same plant, one form can be toxic in large quantities?

A

Mace and nutmeg

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30
Q

Which spice is used in “Chai” tea?

A

cloves

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31
Q

Which spice is zingiber officinale?

A

saffron

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32
Q

What spice is used to dye Hindu priest’s robes and bride wedding dresses yellow?

A

Saffron

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33
Q

How many autumn crocus flowers are needed to make 1 pound of saffron?

A

10,000

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34
Q

What part for the autumn crocus is the saffron?

A

roots

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35
Q

Wood bark and coal tar can make what extract?

A

vanilla

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36
Q

Madagascar is the leading producer of what spice?

A

Vanilla

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37
Q

Which is the hottest capsicum pepper? It has a Scoville heat unit of 2,200,000SHU

A

Carolina reaper pepper

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38
Q

Which pepper has a 0SHU on the Scoville heat scale?

A

Bell pepper

39
Q

What is the 3rd most popular condiment in the US next to salsa and ketchup?

A

Mustard

40
Q

Horseradish and wasabi are in what family?

A

Mustard family

41
Q

Horseradish and wasabi are in what family?

A

Mustard family

42
Q

Oregano became popular because pizza became popular in what war?

A

World War II

43
Q

Give one food/product cinnamon is used in?

A

Cinnamon buns

44
Q

Name one use for spearmint and peppermint?

A

toothpaste

45
Q

_______-a thread or a filament from a plant tissue.

A

fiber

46
Q

_____________-elongated, thick walled, dead plant cells.

A

Sclerenchyma fiber cells

47
Q

_________________-The process after retting. This is the beating and scraping of the fibers to remove the remaining tissue, such as the xylem, which adheres to the fibers.

A

scutching

48
Q

__________-The cotton hairs.

A

linter

49
Q

Eli Whitney invented the __________

A

cotton gin

50
Q

_________-plant tissue that conducts the transport of food throughout the plant

A

phloem

51
Q

Ancient Egyptians wrapped their mummies in what fiber?

A

linen

52
Q

What color fiber does cellulose produce?

A

green

53
Q

Which is not a way of extracting bast fibers from stems?

A

ginning

54
Q

Which fiber do we get from the agave leaves?

A

sisal

55
Q

____-the process of removing seed fibers. Derived from the word engine, “gin” means machine.

A

ginning

56
Q

What surface fiber do we get from the palm family?

A

coconut

57
Q

About how many pairs of jeans can we get from one cotton bale?

A

325

58
Q

___________-plant tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals throughout the plant.

A

xylem

59
Q

What color are fibers that contain a lot of lignin?

A

white

60
Q

The Declaration of Independence is made out of what fiber?

A

Hemp

61
Q

Name 3 things in this classroom that are made of plant fibers.

A

tables, pencils, and books

62
Q

What are the 3 stages of extracting bast fibers in order from start to finish?

A

retting, scrutching, and hackling

63
Q

Name 3 surface fibers we talked about in class?

A

coconut, kapok, and cotton

64
Q

How long are coconuts soaked in water during the retting process?

A

10 months

65
Q

Name one item made of abaca fiber?

A

tea bags

66
Q

What is the difference between linter and lint?

A

linter is short fibers lint is long fibers

67
Q

What tree is covered in spines and produces a surface fiber?

A

kapok tree

68
Q

Give one example of something made from jute fiber.

A

canvas

69
Q

Give the common name of the new world cotton that became popular in to grow and produce in Egypt.

A

Egyptian cotton

70
Q

Why is linen so expensive?

A

labor intensive

71
Q

What fiber would be used to make plant baskets?

A

coconut fiber

72
Q

What is the difference between xylem and phloem tissue?

A

xylem is water phloem is food

73
Q

What are the 2 hard fibers we talked about in class?

A

sisal and abaca

74
Q

What fiber is used to make canvases?

A

jute

75
Q

In which disease do a person’s body cells multiply uncontrollably?

A

cancer

76
Q

Which of the following is an example of indirect contact that spreads some infectious diseases?

A

inhaling infected drops of moisture

77
Q

How do breathing passages help keep pathogens out of the body?

A

Mucus and cilia trap pathogens

78
Q

An infectious disease is a disease that

A

is caused by pathogens

79
Q

What type of white blood cells are part of the inflammatory response?

A

phagocytes

80
Q

Based on what is known about the way HIV is spread among people, which of the following is one way that a person can become sick with AIDS?

A

having sex with an infected person

81
Q

How does HIV damage the immune system?

A

by destroying T cells

82
Q

Immunity is the body’s ability to

A

destroy pathogens before they can cause disease

83
Q

A disorder in which the immune system is overly sensitive to a substance not normally found in the body is called

A

an allergy

84
Q

How are colds and the flu usually spread?

A

by direct or indirect contact with an infected person

85
Q

The _____, in which fluid and white blood cells leave the blood vessels, is the body’s second line of defense.

A

inflammatory response

86
Q

Colds and tuberculosis are both examples of ____________ diseases, because they are caused by pathogens within the body.

A

infectious

87
Q

The virus that causes AIDS is called ____.

A

HIV

88
Q

The stomach contains _________ that destroys pathogens.

A

acids

89
Q

In diabetes, high levels of ____________ are found in the blood and urine.

A

glucose

90
Q

SKIN is part of the first line of defense against pathogens.

A

true

91
Q

VIRUSES cannot be treated with the same medicines that cure the flu because they are nonliving.

A

true

92
Q

Antibodies are produced by T CELLS.

A

false, b cells

93
Q

Pathogens known as VIRUSES must get inside living cells to reproduce.

A

true

94
Q

Cancer cells destroy healthy tissue because they multiply at a LOWER rate than do healthy cells.

A

false, higher

Ethnobotany (2 decks)

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