Exam (Ch 15-16, 44-45)

Question 1

all the available genetic info within a population

Answer 1

gene pool

Question 2

Natural selection that favors the mean or average of the phenotype

Answer 2

Stabilizing Selection

Question 3

natural selection that favors one extreme or the other of the phenotype

Answer 3

Directional Selection

Question 4

natural selection where there’s greater variety at both extremes of the phenotype

Answer 4

Disruptive Selection

Question 5

the study of the geographic distribution of life-forms on Earth

Answer 5

Biogeography

Question 6

the reproductive success of an individual relative to other members of a population

Answer 6

Fitness

Question 7

Effect where a random event prevents a majority of individuals from entering the next generation
- due to natural disasters or habitat loss

Answer 7

Bottleneck Effect

Question 8

Effect where a new population is started from just a few individuals

Answer 8

Founder Effect

Question 9

the number of different species in a particular community

Answer 9

Species Richness

Question 10

Factors that shape community Structure

Answer 10

1. Climate
2. Location (geographical features)
3. Frequency of disturbances or disruptive events
4. Heterogeneity (variation)
5. Interactions between organisms

Question 11

The role an organism plays in its ecosystem

Answer 11

Niche