EXAM Everything Unit 1 Flashcards
Adjectives
A word naming an attribute of a noun e.g. she is TIRED
Adverb
A word that describes or modifies a verb
- most end with LY*
e. g. he always arrives EARLY
Affixation
The process of adding a morpheme to a word to create either; a different form of that word or a new word with a different meaning e.g. childHOOD oldER
Assimilation
Occurs when a sound changes to become more like a neighbouring sound e.g. ‘Choosday’, ‘didju’ (did you), ‘hambag’
Auxiliary Verbs
Verbs that modify and change some aspects of a main verb. These can also be main verbs. E.g. To: ‘be’ ‘have’ ‘do’ & modal verbs
Clause
A group of words that includes a subject and a verb. E.g. ‘the MAN WHO LIVES NEXT DOOR is getting ruder
Conjunction
Shows a link between one word, phrase or clause and another word, phrase or clause. E.g. ‘… in case…’
Content Words
Words in a sentence that carry real-world meaning and provide the content of a sentence. E.g. nouns, adjectives, verbs
Coordinate conjunction
Brings two different sentences together (clauses) FANBOYS ;
Coordination
Uses coordinating conjunctions to add to the sentence.
Derivational Morpheme
The process of creating a new word out of an old word, usually by adding a prefix or a suffix. REtrial
Determiners
Come before nouns. They show what type of reference the noun is making. E.g. THE Eiffel Tower is …
Elision
The emission of a sound in connected speech. E.g. ‘wanna’ ‘cuppa’ ‘libry’
Ellipses
The process of removal of words from a sentence to avoid repetition, or if they are implied or unnecessary. Not the actual ‘…’
Function Words
Exist to perform a job, most commonly to convey grammatical relationships between words in a sentence. E.g. determiners, prepositions, pronouns etc
Inflectional morpheme
Adds grammatical information. E.g suffix, prefix
Insertion
Involves the additions of sounds where they don’t strictly belong E.g. ‘souv-e-laki’, ‘draw-ring’ ‘go-wing’
Interjections
Mostly exclamation words e.g. ‘Bah!
Modal Verbs
Special category of aux verbs that carry information to do with notions such as ability, permission, likelihood & obligation. Can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, must
Free morpheme
A morpheme (or word element) that can stand alone as a word. E.g. ASSIGNment, enCOUNTERED, unCOMMON
Bound morpheme
A morpheme (or word element) that cannot stand alone as a word. E.g. ‘PREtest’, ‘DIScontent’
Noun
A word that is the name of something such as a person, animal, place, thing, quality or action.
Phrase
A group of words that stand together as a single unit, typically as part of a clause or a sentence. A phrase does not contain a subject and verb. E.g. ‘THE BEWILDERED TOURIST was lost’
Preposition
A word or phrase that connects a noun or pronoun to a verb or adjective in a sentence.
