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4.4 2017 > Exam Facts > Flashcards

Exam Facts Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

What does the gradient of a distance time graph correspond to?

A

Speed

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2
Q

What does the area beneath a distance time graph correspond to?

A

Nothing!

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3
Q

What does the gradient of a speed time graph correspond to?

A

Acceleration

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4
Q

What does the area beneath a speed time graph correspond to?

A

Distance travelled

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5
Q

What is a scalar?

A

A quantity with just a magnitude and no direction.

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6
Q

What is a vector?

A

A quantity with both magnitude and direction.

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7
Q

What is friction?

A

A force that OPPOSES MOTION

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8
Q

What is stopping distance?

A

Braking distance + Thinking distance

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9
Q

What is thinking distance?

A

The distance traveled between seeing the obstacle and applying the brakes.

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10
Q

What is braking distance?

A

The distance traveled between applying the brakes and coming to a full stop.

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11
Q

What factors affect thinking distance?

A

Drinking alcohol, tiredness

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12
Q

What factors affect braking distance?

A

Condition of the brakes, condition of the road

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13
Q

What is Newton’s Third Law?

A

Every force has an equal but opposite force.

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14
Q

What is alternating current?

A

A current that changes direction, repeatedly.

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15
Q

What are the advantages of parallel circuits for lighting?

A

Brighter lights, when one breaks not all of them turn off, can be controlled separately

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16
Q

What does an increase of resistance look like on an IV curve?

A

Decreasing gradient

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17
Q

What is an LDR?

A

Light dependent resistor

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18
Q

How does the resistance of an LDR change when light intensity increases?

A

Decreases

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19
Q

How does the resistance of a thermistor change when temperature increases?

A

Decreases

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20
Q

How does the resistance of a metal wire change when temperature increases?

A

Increases

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21
Q

Define current

A

The rate of flow of charge

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22
Q

What is the nature of current?

A

Negatively charged electrons flowing from negative to positive

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23
Q

What is conventional current?

A

Flow of charge from positive to negative

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24
Q

Why is current conserved at a junction?

A

Conservation of charge

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25
What happens to currents and voltages in parallel?
Currents split, voltages stay the same
26
What happens to currents and voltages in series?
Voltages split, currents stay the same
27
What is the total resistances of two resistors in series?
The sum of the resistances
28
What is the definition of voltage?
Energy transferred per unit charge passed
29
What is a volt?
A joule per colomb
30
Why does an insulator become charged when rubbed with another insulator?
Friction transfers electrons
31
What two things do waves transfer?
Energy and information
32
What is a longitudinal wave?
A wave where the direction of energy transfer is parallel to the oscillation
33
What is a transverse wave?
A wave where the direction of energy transfer is perpendicular to the oscillation
34
Define amplitude
Distance from the peak of a wave to the equilibrium position
35
Define frequency
The number of complete oscillations per unit time
36
Define wavelength
The distance from one peak of a wave to an adjacent peak
37
Define period of a wave
Time taken for one complete oscillation
38
What is the Doppler effect?
a change in the observed frequency and wavelength of a wave when its source is moving relative to an observer
39
What is the order of the EM spectrum in order of increasing wavelength?
Gamma, X-ray, UV, Visible, IR, Micro, Radio
40
What is the order of the EM spectrum in order of increasing frequency?
Radio, Micro, IR, Visible, UV, X-ray, Gamma
41
What is the order of colours in order of increasing frequency?
Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet
42
What is the order of colours in order of increasing wavelength?
Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red
43
What is the application of radio waves?
Broadcasting and communications
44
What is the application of microwaves?
Cooking and satellite transmissions
45
What is the application of infrared
Heaters and night vision equipment
46
What is the application of visible light?
Optical fibres and photography
47
What is the application of ultraviolet?
Fluorescent lamps
48
What is the application of X-rays?
Observing the internal structure of objects and materials, including for medical application
49
What is the application of gamma rays?
Sterilizing food and medical equipment
50
What is the danger of microwaves?
Internal heating of body tissue
51
What is the danger of infrared?
Skin burns
52
What is the danger of ultraviolet?
Damage to surface cells and blindess
53
What is the danger of gamma rays?
Cancer, mutation
54
What is the law of reflection?
i = r
55
What is the critical angle?
The angle of incidence inside a material when the angle of refraction is 90 degrees.
56
What is the frequency range of human hearing?
20 Hz - 20 000 Hz
57
What does pitch relate to?
Frequency
58
What does loudness relate to?
Amplitude
59
What are the three things needed on a Sankey diagram?
Arrows, Labels, Correct scale
60
Describe the radiative properties of black, matte surfaces.
Absorb and emit the most radiation, least reflection of radiation
61
Describe the radiative properties of white, shiny surfaces.
Absorb and emit the least radiation, most reflection of radiation
62
Define power
Rate of transfer of energy
63
Describe the orbit of a comet
Highly elliptical, faster the closer it is to the star
64
What force causes orbits?
Gravity
65
What is the universe?
A collection of billions of galaxies
66
What is a galaxy?
A collection of billions of stars
67
What is the name of our galaxy?
The Milky Way

4.4 2017 (11 decks)

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