Exam I

Question 1

things that have utility

Answer 1

resources

Question 2

resources that are derived from the Earth

Answer 2

natural resources

Question 3

the mental process of making sense out of our surrounding environment

Answer 3

environmental cognition

Question 4

these are the fiver factors of resource cognition

Answer 4

social conditions, technology and economics, view of nature, cultural background, scarcity

Question 5

insufficient supply of the resource right now, and for the future

Answer 5

absolute scarcity

Question 6

short supply of a resource in a certain area, or imbalanced distribution of a resource

Answer 6

relative scarcity

Question 7

resources that will always exist in relative constant supply (i.e. the sun/solar power)

Answer 7

perpetual resource

Question 8

resources that can be depleted in the short run, but replace themselves in the long run (i.e. forests, groundwater, fisheries)

Answer 8

renewable/flow resources

Question 9

resources that exist in either finite supply, or resources we are using at a much faster rate (i.e. fossil fuels, mineral ores)

Answer 9

nonrenewable/stock resources

Question 10

items that are not resources at the moment, but could one day become resources

Answer 10

potential resources

Question 11

a range of views on environmental issues

Answer 11

environmental ethics

Question 12

examen how natural resources benefit the community

Answer 12

environmental justice

Question 13

nonuse of a resource which is fully protected and left unimpaired for future generations

Answer 13

preservation

Question 14

a way of viewing the world

Answer 14

general systems theory

Question 15

the price is determined by the amount of labor put into the product

Answer 15

labor theory

Question 16

the price is determined by the amount of demand place on a product by the consumer

Answer 16

consumer theory

Question 17

different sellers will compete with the selling of the price until it drops down to the cost of production

Answer 17

cost theory

Question 18

emphasizes the critical commodity (energy) put into a production

Answer 18

production theory

Question 19

when there is a single entity selling the product

Answer 19

monopoly

Question 20

when few buyers/sellers follow the price fixing of a product causing an unfair sale of the product

Answer 20

oligopolistic competition

Question 21

consortium of commercial enterprises working together to limit competition (i.e. OPEC)

Answer 21

cartel

Question 22

involves summarizing of all costs and monetary involved in a single plan

Answer 22

cost-effective analysis

Question 23

compares cost analysis of several different plans

Answer 23

benefit-cost analysis

Question 24

1

Answer 24

externalities

Question 25

2

Answer 25

residuals

Question 26

3

Answer 26

residuals tax

Question 27

4

Answer 27

polluter pays principle

Question 28

5

Answer 28

throughput tax

Question 29

6

Answer 29

fixed costs

Question 30

7

Answer 30

variable costs

Question 31

8

Answer 31

diversification

Question 32

9

Answer 32

MNCs (multinational corporations)

Question 33

10

Answer 33

deregulation

Question 34

11

Answer 34

natural sovereignty

Question 35

12

Answer 35

carrying capacity

Question 36

encouraged settlement in the Midwest

Answer 36

Homestead Act of 1862

Question 37

granted access to anyone to exploit wild forests

Answer 37

Cultural Act of 1873

Question 38

granted rights to railroad companies to built transcontinental railroads to help accelerate the growth of westward American expansion

Answer 38

Railroad Acts of the 1850s & 60s