Exam I

Question 1

at what age does a typical 1st amputation occur

Answer 1

51-69

Question 2

greatest age for amputation risk

Answer 2

65-85

Question 3

are lower or upper extremity amputations more common?

Answer 3

LE

Question 4

amputations in men occur greater for _____ than _____

Answer 4

trauma than disease

Question 5

most common cause of amputation is

Answer 5

neuropathy and vascular conditions, followed by trauma

Question 6

which disease is the most common contributing factor for LE amputation

Answer 6

PVD and PAD

Question 7

common sites for arterial disease

Answer 7

popliteal, iliac, femoral and tibial artery

Question 8

most common causes of death post amputation

Answer 8

DM
Cardiovascular disease
Renal disease

Question 9

how long do you have as a window for revascularization

Answer 9

6-12 hours

Question 10

window for replantation

Answer 10

3-6 hours

Question 11

amelia

Answer 11

absence of an entire limbg

Question 12

transverse deficiencies

Answer 12

Described by the level at which the limb terminates

Question 13

longitudinal deficiencies

Answer 13

Reduction or absence within the long bone, but normal skeletal components are present distal to the affected bone

Question 14

goal of replantation

Answer 14

functional grasp

Question 15

goal of children’s prostheses

Answer 15

enhance the function of the limb for the most effective use of prothesis
and cosmetic replacement for missing limb

Question 16

when do you introduce an UE prothesis to a child

Answer 16

4-6 months

Question 17

when do you introduce an LE prothesis to a child

Answer 17

around 8-12 months

Question 18

Myodesis:

Answer 18

anchoring of muscle to the bone

Question 19

Myoplasty

Answer 19

attaching M/L and A/P compartment muscles to each other over the end of the bone

Question 20

transfemoral ideal shape

Answer 20

conical

Question 21

transtibial ideal shape

Answer 21

cylindrical

Question 22

how long can a patient wear a shrinker

Answer 22

up to 6 months

Question 23

how long is a rigid cast left in place post amputation

Answer 23

3 days

Question 24

what is the objective of an IPOP

Answer 24

reduce the time without bipedal ambulation

Question 25

what is the initial weight bearing status with an IPOP

Answer 25

toe-touch WB

Question 26

which compressive device may facilitate early discharge from hospital

Answer 26

IPOP

Question 27

which compressive device will facilitate residual limb shrinkage and faster desensitization

Answer 27

RRD

Question 28

after _______ PLS and PLP intensity, duration and sensitivity won't change

Answer 28

6 months

Question 29

appropriate width and length of transfemoral bandaging

Answer 29

6 inch width, 2-3 lengths

Question 30

appropriate width and length of transtibial bandaging

Answer 30

4 in width, 2 lengths

Question 31

what is the wrap -wearing schedule for compression

Answer 31

24 hours/day, remove only for bathing or a dressing change, rewrap immediately, wearing during exercise but rewrap after, rewrap every 4 hours or when compression on the distal limb is lost

Question 32

when should you wear a clean banadage

Answer 32

every day

Question 33

indications for PTB socket

Answer 33

medium to long residual limb length need ease of donning prominent anatomy

Question 34

indications for PTB-supracondylar

Answer 34

short residual limbs, increased ML support, anatomical, self-suspending

Question 35

indications for PTB- supracondylar suprapatellar

Answer 35

higher ML trimlines increased ML stability anatomical, self-suspending anterior trimline prox to patella indicated for very short residual limbs (tibial tubercle) control knee hyperextension

Question 36

indications for joints and corset

Answer 36

increase L support decreased WB on residual limb tri planar stabilization through knee previous use

Question 37

pediatric patients are automatically K level _____

Answer 37

4

Question 38

which foot finds foot flat quicker

Answer 38

single axis foot

Question 39

which K level foot has multi-axial features

Answer 39

K2 and K3

Question 40

dynamic response feet are used for

Answer 40

K3/K4, variable cadence

Question 41

if patient complains of knee hyperextension, their heel may be too ____

Answer 41

short

Question 42

at the knee what moment to we create

Answer 42

varus, it will stabilize pelvis for leg advancement

Question 43

how do we create varus moment at the knee

Answer 43

inset the foot

Question 44

if you can see the pylon, you will set the pylon to be vertical at _____

Answer 44

midstance

Question 46

What type of ankle disarticulation keeps the heel pad in place

Answer 46

Syme’s ankle disarticulation

Question 47

Procedure at the ankle that fuses the tibia and fibula together

Answer 47

Boyd and Pirogoff

Question 48

Advantage of a syme’s disarticulation

Answer 48

It is a WB procedure

Question 49

Advantage of Boyd/pirogoff procedure

Answer 49

Slightly better outcomes than Syme’s, more stability of the flap and vascularity, leg length is more symmetrical

Question 50

Where does a transfemoral amputation typically occur

Answer 50

Between middle and distal 1/3’s of the femur

Question 51

typical residual limb length of a transtibial amputation

Answer 51

12-15 cm

Question 52

______ cm of residual limb for every 30 cm of patient height

Answer 52

2.5

Question 53

What happens to nerves when they are severed

Answer 53

They can put out new tendrils and form small neoplasms/nerve ends (neuromas)

Question 54

_______ neuromas that are embedded are _____

Answer 54

Small, okay

Question 55

What happens to arteries and veins during an amputation

Answer 55

Ligated

Question 56

Neuromas may cause ____

Answer 56

Sharp and intense pain

Question 57

Incision for transfemoral amputation occurs in the ______ plane

Answer 57

Frontal

Question 58

Why do we place the residual limb into slight flexion

Answer 58

Increases the surface area

Question 59

Energy requires _____ as the length of the residual limb _____

Answer 59

Decreases

Question 60

The varus moment at the knee is accomplished how

Answer 60

Inset the foot and adduct the prosthetic by 5-7 degrees

Question 61

What components of the prosthesis are used for shock absorption

Answer 61

Foot and pylon