Exam I

Question 1

You would expect to hear crackles with which of the following diseases?

1. diaphragmatic hernia
2. pulmonary edema
3. pneumothorax
4. nasopharyngeal polyp
5. chylothorax

Answer 1

pulmonary edema

Question 2

Decreased breath sounds are expected with all of the following EXCEPT:

1. diaphragmatic hernia
2. obesity
3. noise in the room
4. pneumothorax
5. tracheal mass obstructing the trachea

Answer 2

5. tracheal mass obstructing the trachea

Question 3

A 3 year old mixed breed dog is presented because it started to paw at the right side of its face last evening. It also sneezes and has a slight amount of blood in the right nostril. Previous history was unremarkable qs was the rest of the physical examination. Your first rule out or most likely possibility is

1. nasal aspergillosis
2. nasopharyngeal polyp
3. foreign body in the nasal cavity
4. coagulation defect
5. PIE

Answer 3

foreign body in the nasal cavity

Question 4

A 6 year old, female, overweight miniture poodle has had a history of coughing for the past few moonths. Thoracic radiographs show no significant changes. The best group of differential diagnoses is:

1. collapsing trachea and bronchitis
2. bronchitis and diaphragmatic hernia
3. mycotic pneumonia and collapsing trachea
4. diaphragmatic hernia and metastatic adenocarcinoma
5. Aleurostrongylus infection and pulmonary thromboembolism

Answer 4

aleurostrongylus infection and pulmonary thromboembolism

Question 5

An 8 year old domestic short hair cat from a prominent local cattery presents for mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharges. It has stopped eating and is depressed, dehydrated, and has a temperature of 104.5 F. The best tentative diagnosis based on clinical signs is

1. Chlamydia pneumonitis
2. feline viral rhinotracheitis
3. feline calicivirus
4. feline. viral rhinotracheitis with a secondary bacterial infection
5. 2 and 3 above

Answer 5

2 and 3 above

Question 6

In regards to the above question, all of the following are good recommendations to the
owner EXCEPT
disinfect the cattery
1. keep this cat with
2. keep the nose and eyes clear of any discharge
3. give antibiotics like amoxicillin
4. evaluate a feline leukemia virus test

Answer 6

evaluate a feline leukemia virus test

Question 7

The most common nasal tumor in dogs is

1. adenocarcinoma
2. squamous cell carcinoma
3. nasal fibrosarcoma
4. lymphoma
5. chondrosarcoma

Answer 7

adenocarcinoma

Question 8

A 3 year old, severely dyspneic cat is in front Of You. Abnormal Physical examination
findings are bluish gum color, sternal recumbency with neck extensior4 and open-mouth
breathing. You auscult wheezing. Reasonable rule outs or Possibilities for these signs
would include
1. feline lungworms
2. nasal cryptococcosis
3. feline asthma
4. 1 and 3 above
5. all of the above

Answer 8

1 and 3 above

Question 9

3 year old, severely dyspneic cat is in front Of You. Abnormal Physical examination
findings are bluish gum color, sternal recumbency with neck extensior4 and open-mouth
breathing. You auscult wheezing. In regards to the above question, the first thing you would and should do is?
1. take a blood sample
2. take nasal radiographs
3. - take thoracic radiographs
4. give oxygen and cortiocosteriods
5- get a fecal sample

Answer 9

give O2 and corticosteriods

Question 10

Which of the following mycotic disease is most commonly associated with gastrointestinal signs and /or hepatosplenomegaly?
1.	blastomycosis
2.	histoplasmosis
3-	cryptococcosis
4.	coccidiomyocosis
5-	histoplasmosis and blastomycosis

Answer 10

coccidiomyocosis

Question 11

A 13 year old 30 pound mixed breed dog has radiographic signs of pulmonary
edema. The first disorder that you should consider as a cause of this is
electric cord bite
1. hypoalbuminemia
2. heart failure
3. pancreatitis
4. shock

Answer 11

HF

Question 12

A 11 year old golden retriever has signs of pleural effusion. You perform
thoracentesis and find hemorrhagic fluid with packed cell volume of 20% (the
peripheral packed cell volume was 25 %). Reasonable rule outs would include ALL
EXCEPT
1. hemangiosarconia
2. trauma
3. warfarin toxicity
4. lung lobe torsion
5. heart failure

Answer 12

HF

Question 13

A nasal discharge can be found with all the following EXCEPT

1. feline upper respiratory disease complex
2. bacterial pneumonia
3. erhlichiosis
4. cleft palate
5. fungal pneumonia

Answer 13

erhlichiosis

Question 14

all of the following are true with stertorous/stridorous respirations EXCEPT
heard on inspiration
1. associated with upper airwaydiseases
2. sometimes audible
3. sometimes found w/ nasal foreign bodies
4. are not associated with laryngeal paralysis

Answer 14

are not associated with laryngeal paralysis

Question 15

The treatment for a suspected feline asthma case could include all of these EXCEPT

1. bronchodilators
2. corticosteroid
3. oxygen
4. atropine
5. cough suppressants

Answer 15

cough supp.

Question 16

18. The primary rule out for a patient with a sudden onset of severe expiratory dyspnea and no major changes on thoracic radiographs is
19. PIE
20. Pulmonary thomboembolism
21. Pulmonary edema
22. laryngeal paralysis
23. pneumothorax

Answer 16

PTE

Question 17

A 4 year old pug is brought to you for evaluation of “snorting sounds”. Even before you examine the pug you would think of all the following possibilities EXCEPT

1. elongated soft palate
2. stenotic nares
3. everted lateral ventricles
4. nasopharyngeal polyp
5. small trachea

Answer 17

stenotic nares

Question 18

A 6 year old cat is dyspneic with muffled lung sounds. Your differential diagnoses should include all of the following EXCEPT

1. Pyothorax
2. Chylothorax
3. Hemothorax
4. FIP
5. Pulmonary edema

Answer 18

PE

Question 19

1. Which of the following statements about feline bronchial disease is INCORRECT?
   a. The main signs are slowly progressive coughing and/or respiratory distress
   b. Radiographic changes are not always present, especially early in the disease
   c. When radiographic changes are present, an interstitial pattern (donuts and railway tracks) is usually seen
   d. a bronchodilator, especially theophylline, is most widely used as the primary treatment
   e. metered dose inhalers may be used if cats are cooperative

Answer 19

d. a bronchodilator, especially theophylline, is most widely used as the primary treatment

Question 20

2. Feline bronchial disease is best diagnosed by
   a. Characteristic signalment and clinical signs
   b. Ultrasound exam
   c. Radiography and bronchoalveolar lavage
   d. Characteristic changes in the hemogram and biochemical tests
   e. Serology

Answer 20

c. Radiography and bronchoalveolar lavage

Question 21

3. The type of pleural effusion present in a dog is best diagnosed by which one of the following?
   a. Careful auscultation
   b. Radiographs
   c. Ultrasound
   d. Pleurocentesis and cytology
   e. A full blood count, biochemisty screen and urine analysis

Answer 21

d. Pleurocentesis and cytology

Question 22

4. Which of the following statements about kennel cough/ infectious tracheobronchitis in dogs is INCORRECT?
   a. It often occurs as outbreaks in animal shelters
   b. Canine parainfluenza virus I, Bordetella bronchiseptica and canine adenovirus 2 may be involved
   c. It often presents as a sudden onset of paroxysmal coughing which persists for several days
   d. Clinical signs resolve rapidly with antibiotic therapy
   e. There are intranasal vaccines available which offer better protection than parenteral vaccines

Answer 22

d. Clinical signs resolve rapidly with antibiotic therapy

Question 23

5. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
   a. Large amounts of air must be present in a pneumothorax before signs of severe dyspnea are observed
   b. Hypovolemia and anemia are the most common presenting signs in animals with hemothorax
   c. Chylous effusion is characterized by the presence of high levels of cholesterol and monocytes
   d. Pyothorax is characterized by a high protein effusion containing large numbers of degererating neutrophils
   e. A chest drain inserted for a pyothorax should be removed when only small amounts of fluid can be aspirated each hour and the fluid is free of degenerate nuetrophils and bacteria

Answer 23

c. Chylous effusion is characterized by the presence of high levels of cholesterol and monocytes

Question 24

hich of the following is the mainstay of treatment in chronic bronchitis?

a. An antibiotic
b. Prednisolone
c. Furosemide
d. Bronchodilator
e. Cough suppressant

Answer 24

pred

Question 25

8. Which statement is INCORRECT? a. Canine nasal aspergillosis is best treated by anesthetizing the animal and soaking nasal passages with a clotrimazole solution. b. Squamous cell carcinomas on the noses of cats are best treated with chemotherapy c. Differential diagnosis for a soft tissue mass on bridge of nose of cat is infection with Cryptococcus neoformans d. Animal with pulmonary contusions are predisposed to developing severe lung edema with aggressive crystalloid fluid therapy for shock e. Epistaxis is best controlled by placing the animal in a cool and quiet area and giving sedation if animal is distressed

Answer 25

b. Squamous cell carcinomas on the noses of cats are best treated with chemotherapy

Question 26

9. Which of the following statements about the control of feline respiratory infections in boarding catteries is INCORRECT? a. Stress should be minimized to prevent carries of feline herpes from shedding the virus b. Cats…? c. Intranasal provide better protection than parenteral vaccines d. Cats from different households can be kept together in pens as long as they are of similar age e. Isolation facilities should be available for cats that show upper respiratory signs while boarding

Answer 26

d. Cats from different households can be kept together in pens as long as they are of similar age

Question 27

10. Which of the following statements about acute rhinitis in cats is incorrect? a. Feline herpes virus infections are often associated with upper respiratory tract signs and corneal lesions b. Feline calicivirus infections are often associated with upper respiratory signs and oral lesions c. Chlamydia is usually associated with ? d. Bordetella ? e. Vaccines are very effective at preventing infections with above organisms

Answer 27

e. Vaccines are very effective at preventing infections with above organisms

Question 28

3. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a. After successful CPR, careful monitoring is required as animals will frequently arrest again b. Bacterial pneumonia is usually due to secondary opportunistic invasion with a wide possible range of normal oropharyngeal bacteria. Appropriate antibiotic therapy can then only be determined from culture and sensitivity results c. Lymphoma is the most common tumor of the upper respiratory tract in dogs while nasal adenocarcinomas are most common in cats d. Systemic hypertension in dogs is usually secondary to other diseases e. Heinz bodies and methemoglobin result from increased oxidative stress on hemoglobin

Answer 28

c. Lymphoma is the most common tumor of the upper respiratory tract in dogs while nasal adenocarcinomas are most common in cats

Question 29

5. Changes that might be seen in a stress leukogram are: a. Eosinopenia, lymphopenia, leukocytosis and monocytosis b. Eosiniphilia, lymphopenia, leukocytosis and monocytosis c. Eosinopenia, lymphocytosis, leukocytosis and monocytosis d. Eosinopenia, lymphopenia, leukopenia and monocytosis e. Eosinopenia, lymphopenia, leukocytosis and moncytopenia

Answer 29

a. Eosinopenia, lymphopenia, leukocytosis and monocytosis

Question 30

13. Which of the following statements about cats with feline bronchitis is incorrect? a. The main clinical signs are coughing and/or respiratory distress which are slowly progressive b. Concurrent weight loss, lethargy, depression and anorexia are common c. Clinical signs may preceed radiographic changes which are usually an interstitial pattern with patchy alveolar infiltrates d. Response to prednisolone treatment is usually very good e. Inhaled glucocorticoids or bronchodilators may be used if animals are cooperative

Answer 30

b. Concurrent weight loss, lethargy, depression and anorexia are common

Question 31

hich of the following statements is not true about animals with pyothorax a. Antibiotics should be administered for 5-7 days and if the response to therapy is poor, a chest drain should be inserted b. The chest drain should be removed when only small amounts of fluid can be aspirated each hour and the fluid is free of degenerate neutrophils and bacteria c. Exploratory throacotomy is indicated if there are reoccurances d. Isolation of actinomyces spp. Should raise the suspicion of foreign bodies being present e. In cats, ampicillin is a good choice of antibiotic until culture and sensitivity tests become available

Answer 31

a. Antibiotics should be administered for 5-7 days and if the response to therapy is poor, a chest drain should be inserted

Question 32

16. Which of the following statements about chronic bronchitis is incorrect? a. It is most common in old, small breed dogs b. There is usually increased expiratory effort and a chronic cough c. Concurrent chronic valve disease often exacerbates the coughing caused by chronic bronchitis d. Prednisolone is the mainstay of therapy e. The disease is usually self limiting dogs recover within a year after initial signs

Answer 32

e. The disease is usually self limiting dogs recover within a year after initial signs

Question 33

17. Chronic bronchitis is dogs is best diagnosed by a. Ultrasound examination b. Radiography c. Characteristic` changes in the results of routine laboratory tests d. Characteristic clinical signs e. Scintilligraphy

Answer 33

characteristic CS

Question 34

18. feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infections are usually diagnosed by: a. the pathognomonic clinical signs that are present b. the pathognomonic hematological and biochemical laboratory abnormalities that are present c. ELISA tests which detect viremia d. ELISA tests which detect antibodies to the virus e. Cytologies of fine needle aspirates

Answer 34

ELISA tests which detect AB to virus

Question 35

how do you Dx feline bronchial Dz?

Answer 35

rads and bronchioalveolar lavage

Question 36

T/F - Canine aspergillosis most common in brachycephalic dogs.

Answer 36

F - dolichocephalic breeds)