Exam I

Question 1

What is the Greek origins of the word democracy?

Answer 1

Demo - the people
Kratia - the rule

Aka the rule of the people

Question 2

What is a republic?

Answer 2

USA
The head of the government is not a monarch
People have impact on gov

Question 3

Citizenship in the USA

Answer 3

“thin”
aka civic responsibility is low
the government runs fine without much input from the citizens

Question 4

What does the liberal model of democracy require?

Answer 4

very little beyond occasional voting for representatives

Question 5

Rhetoric

Answer 5

Practical persuasion
Based on available means
“The art of making things matter” - Farrel 1970

Question 6

Exigence

Answer 6

public problem almost everyone faces

rhetorical because it can be changed through human interaction (persuasion)

Question 7

Audience

Answer 7

those who are capable of enacting change

targeted by rhetoric/persuasion

Question 8

Constraints

Answer 8

persons, relationships, objects that block decisions or actions

Question 9

What are the three artistic proofs?

Answer 9

ethos, pathos, logos

Question 10

Logos

Answer 10

intellectual and logical argument 
factual components 
encourages judgement in the audience
shows knowledge and research
reason/reasonable and can disrupt a common conception

Question 11

Ethos

Answer 11

audience sees itself reflected in the speaker
trustworthiness and creditability
awarded to the speaker by the audience

Question 12

Pathos

Answer 12

a person’s judgement is affected by his/her emotional state
emotions
(sympathy, empathy, pathetic)

Question 13

What are the 5 classical canons?

Answer 13

1. Invention
2. Arrangement
3. Style
4. Memory
5. Delivery

Question 14

CC #1: Invention

Answer 14

research
identifying main points
developing appropriate communication techniques

Question 15

CC #2: Arrangement

Answer 15

Organization: topical, chronological, cause/effect

Question 16

CC #3: Style

Answer 16

stylistic development of imagery: adjective, adverbs, vivid descriptions, metaphors, anaphora, alliteration, parallel structure, antithesis,

makes familiar ideas new

Question 17

Anaphora

Answer 17

repetition of initial words over successive clauses

Question 18

Alliteration

Answer 18

repeat same beginning sounds of words together in a clause

Question 19

Antithesis

Answer 19

opposing ideas

ex. light or dark

Question 20

CC #4: Memory

Answer 20

practice of delivery

Question 21

CC #5: Delivery

Answer 21

the action of manner of giving a speech

Verbal: volume, rate, pitch, inflection, pauses, pronunciation, articulation, dialect

Non verbal: personal appearance, eye contact, facial expression, posture, gesture, proxemics (how you utilize the room)

Question 22

Methods of Delivery (4)

Answer 22

1. extemporaneous
2. impromptu
3. manuscript
4. memorized

Question 23

Extemporaneous Delivery

Answer 23

what we do in this class

present a carefully prepared and practiced speech from brief notes
conversational

Question 24

Impromptu Delivery

Answer 24

giving a speech with little or no preparation

Question 25

Manuscript Delivery

Answer 25

read to an audience with a written text in front of you

Question 26

Memorized Delivery

Answer 26

presenting a speech that has been written out, committed to memory, and given word-for-word

Question 27

Persuasion can seek to...

Answer 27

strengthen commitment weaken commitment convert audience motivate to action something you do WITH the audience

Question 28

Informative vs. persuasive speaking

Answer 28

I: reveals and clarifies; teacher P: urges to choose an option; asks the audience for commitment; shows ethical obligation; leader

Question 29

What was the general outline for the policy speech?

Answer 29

Problem, Plan, Practicality harms/inherency, solvency, significance

Question 30

Inductive arguments

Answer 30

from specific to general makes broad generalizations from specific observations

Question 31

Deductive arguments

Answer 31

general conclusions to create a specific conclusion top-down

Question 32

Claim, Data, Warrant,

Answer 32

Claim: statement that may be disputed Data: evidence to support claim Warrant: a generally held principle/belief that links evidence to claim

Question 33

Arguments by analogy

Answer 33

comparing similar causes, needs, or situation

Question 34

Arguments by Sign

Answer 34

indicator that something is present facts showing that another thing must be true

Question 35

Maslow's hierarchy

Answer 35

1. physiological 2. safety 3. social 4. self esteem 5. self actualization

Question 36

Monroe's motivated sequence

Answer 36

``` attention need satisfaction visualization action ```

Question 37

Epideictic Rhetoric

Answer 37

rhetoric of praise or blame

Question 38

Genre

Answer 38

overall plan/scheme give audience comfort expectations

Question 39

Types of speeches that honor

Answer 39

eulogy commencement roast best man/ maid of honor

Question 40

Post-Hoc Fallacy

Answer 40

after this, therefore because of this Since event Y followed event X, event Y must have been caused by event X

Question 41

Bandwagon Fallacy

Answer 41

something is right based on its popularity

Question 42

Non Sequitur fallacy

Answer 42

does not follow could be t or f No connection between premise and conclusion

Question 43

Slippery slope fallacy

Answer 43

a -> b -> c then eventually z will happen and everyone will die

Question 44

circular reasoning fallacy

Answer 44

starting with the end result

Question 45

false dilemma fallacy

Answer 45

state that there are no other options available when there is

Question 46

Ad hominem fallacy

Answer 46

attacking a side issue/person/event instead of focusing on the real issue at hand