Exam II 2nd Quarter Flashcards
(25 cards)
what are fontanelles?
soft spots or membrane covered spots in the skull that will eventually form sutures. They typically last for about 7-19 months
when babies are born, skull bones to not form right away to allow passage through the birth canal and room for the brain to develop
What bones make up the calvaria (aka cranial vault) and how they are formed?
frontal, parietal and occipital
intramembranosus ossification
what does bulging or tension of fontanelles indicate?
increased intracranial pressure
what makes up the anterior cranial fossa?
frontal bone, crista galli, lesser wings of sphenoid, cribriform plate of the ethmoid,
contains cranial nerve #1and frontal lobe
What is the posterior cranial fossa made up of?
sphenoid, temporal and occipital bone. contains the occipital lobe, cerebellum and brain stem. a number of “holes” can be found here, mainly the foramen magnum, hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen, and the internal auditory meatus
what is the middle cranial fossa made up of and what does it contain?
made of temporal and sphenoid bones
contains sella tursica, chiasmic groove, optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, foramen lacerum, cavernous sinus
temporal lobe of brain rests in middle fossa
where can sinuses/air cells be found?
ethmoid, maxilla, frontal, sphenoid, temporal
all are potential sites for infection
1/5 of facial injuries involve fracture of which bone?
mandibular
what joint holds the lower row of teeth at the alveolar processes?
gomphasis joint
gums and teeth are inverted by which nerve?
inferior alveolar nerve
what type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?
what are the articulations?
synovial joint with an articular disc
articulation at the condylar portion of the mandible/mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bone
what is the temporomandibular joint innervated by?
mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
what is the only bone in the human body that does not articulate with any other bone?
hyoid bone
the hyoid bone’s attachment point for muscles is responsible for what two things?
speech and swallowing
the hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone that is suspended from what?
what is it composed of?
the stylohyoid ligaments from the stylohyoid processes of the temporal bone
it contains a body, 2 cornua and 2 greater cornua
the bony orbit is made up of what 7 bones?
FESMLZP frontal ethmoid sphenoid maxillary lacrimal zygomatic palantine
the lateral wall of the nasal cavity has bumpy projections called what?
chonchae (turbinates)
which conchae are part of the ethmoid bone and which are individual bones?
superior and middle - ethmoid
inferior - individual
what is the role of the conchae?
they warm and filter inhaled hair and the mucosa serves an immune function by trapping foreign particles and exposing them to Ag presenting cells
the roof of the nasal cavity contains receptors from which nerve?
olfactory nerve
what are sutures?
fibrous joints between the bones of the skull
what are the 7 different sutures of the skull?
coronal: between frontal and parietal
sagittal: between parietals
lambdoidal: between parietal and occiput
squamosal: between parietal and temporal
what are the two sphincter muscles of facial expression?
obicularis oculi and obicularis oris
all but the 2 sphincter muscles of facial expression are considered _________ type of muscles?
dilators
