Exam II

Question 1

⬇️phylloerythrin excretion in BILE in 🌱herbi
⬆️phyllo in serum
⚡️❇️phyllo➡️skin lesions

Answer 1

Photosensitize

Question 2

End stg liver/portosys shunt ➡️

Abnorm NT

Answer 2

Hepatic encephalopathy

Liver atrophy

Question 3

⬇️syn

Chronic portal hypertension: ⬆️ 2• loss

Answer 3

Hypoalbumenemia

Question 4

Hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 4

Icterus➡️ hepatic dis, cholestasis, intra/extra-vasc hemolysis

Question 5

Intrahepatic cholestasis

Answer 5

Toxin/bact/virus/ischemia

⬇️bile secr

Question 6

Extrahepatic cholestasis

Answer 6

Neoplasia/parasite/inflam➡️bile obstruction

Question 7

Liver injury response

Answer 7

FRB

Fibrosis: 🔼stellate➡️myofiboblast:❇️col syn
Regen: req reticul net & oval cells⏩nodules
Bile duct hyperplasia: 1• cholestasis

Question 8

Centrilobar fibrosis

Answer 8

Chronic R♥️ fail /toxin

🐶mycotoxin (Asper.flavus)
[Cu] 🐑

Question 9

Perilportal fibrosis

Answer 9

Chronic in🔥/bil obs/toxin

Question 10

Causes of accentuated lobar pattern liver

picture

Answer 10

Necrosis
Herpes ➡️ multifocal necrosis
Lipidosis

Question 11

Unusual:
🐷 &🐎aflatoxicosis
🐱hexachlorophene
[Cu] 🐑

Liver pattern

Answer 11

Midzonal necrosis

Question 12

Hepatic lipidosis

picture

Answer 12

Diet/tissue FA ➡️ liver 🔼TG apoprotein
Acum TG>metab degrad/rel➡️hepatomegaly/greasy friable & floats

GCC➡️❇️ glycogen synthase: ⬆️glycogen storage

Ketosis🐄
DM
Hyperlipidemia 🐎

Question 13

Focal necrosis & 2• hepatitis

Answer 13

Clost. piliformes

🐎foals/🐄 rumenitis➡️damage mucosa➡️portal v.➡️liver infx

Question 14

Chronic lymphocytis cholangitis

Answer 14

1• 🐱 >4yr

Icterus/intrahep cholestasis
In🔥 portal areas around bile ducts➡️ BILE DUCT Prolif & fibrosis

Question 15

Neoplasm liver

Neoplasm Mm

Answer 15

Metastasis > primary neo

Rhabdomyosarcoma: local aggressive w/ early infil… Metastasis rare

Question 16

Pancreatitis

Answer 16

🐶🐱 rel ELASTASE + Phospholipase A➡️ tissues➡️🔥 + digestion➡️acute hemorr + necrosis ⏩ DIC

Chronic: fibrosis + atrophy

Question 17

Mm hypertrophy

Answer 17

IGF-1:❇️kinases mtor➡️❇️protein syn
⛔️Mm breakdown

Myostatin: reg stem cell growth=⬆️# fibers/cytoplasm + l

Question 18

⛔️GABA + Glycine rel NMJ

Answer 18

Teranus ➡️ rigid paralysis

Question 19

⛔️fusion + Ach rel

Answer 19

Botulism ➡️ flaccid paralysis

Question 20

Acq: 🐶 common; auto-Ab bind AchR
Inherit: uncommon; ⬇️#AchR or fn

Answer 20

Myasthenia gravis

Question 21

Segmental necrosis

Answer 21

Nutrition/toxic

Acute vacuoles: swollen round pink
Coag fibers: ⬇️Mm fibers/hyaline degen **pic
Irrev necrosis: ⬇️striations

Question 22

Uniform necrosis

Answer 22

Monophasic: 1 dose toxin/exertion/ionophores

Short duration: multifocal pallor lesion
🚫mineralization

Question 23

Multiple necrosis

Answer 23

Repeated injury

Nutrional vitE+[Se] def ➡️ ROS

Question 24

Nutrional myopathy

Answer 24

1• type I postural fibers
WMD

Pale Mm (⬇️myoglobin) +/- minerals

Question 25

Exertional Rhabdomyolysis

Answer 25

Acute sev necrosis, exercise to death➡️ latic acidosis Leaky PM // ⬇️Myoglobin ⬆️ catechol rel➡️ SNS exhaust⏩ ⬇️nutrients to Mm

Question 26

Neurogenic atrophy

Answer 26

BOTH type I + II Rapid + renervation⏩ 1 Mm type

Question 27

Cachexia/disuse/endocrine

Answer 27

Type II Slow

Question 28

Strep suis 💉 Myositis

Answer 28

Suppurative granulomatous

Question 29

🔪wound infx➡️ skin/fascia/Mm | Introduce Clost spores➡️pale Mm + gas bubbles

Answer 29

Malignant edema

Question 30

1• young; Clost spores alrdy in Mm. Trauma/injury:❇️anaerobic env➡️ Clost chovei prolif + toxins ➡️ hemorr + necrosis

Answer 30

Black leg

Question 31

1• mascutory Mm 🔥 Acute swell➡️atrophy Chronic ➡️fibrosis

Answer 31

``` Imm-med myositis Mascitory myositis (T+B cells) ``` 🚫open jaw May spread polymyositis (T-cells) Viszla + corgi

Question 32

Muscular dystrophy

Answer 32

Concurrent degen + regen➡️ scattered atrophy pattern

Question 33

Steatosis /lipomatosis

Answer 33

Fat infiltrate shoulder cut Mm 🐄🐷 dDx neoplasm 🚫⬆️size

Question 34

Tendon injury

Answer 34

Granulation tissue ⬆️matrix⬇️elasticity fn 1• SDFT + Suspensory lig