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Marine Biology > Exam III > Flashcards

Exam III Flashcards

memorize most things (46 cards)

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1
Q

Fishes

A

A part of Sub Phylum Vertebrates

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2
Q

Gnathostomes

A

Jawed vertebrates

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3
Q

Chrondricthyes

A

Sharks rays and skates

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4
Q

Agnathans

A

Jawless fishes

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5
Q

Myxini

A

hagfish

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6
Q

hagfish

A

eyes simple
crude or no vertebrate
cartilage skull
slime glands
scavengers

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7
Q

Chondricthyes anatomy

A

cartilage endoskeleton
teeth loose in jaws
ventral mouth
5-7 gill pairs

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8
Q

most mammals are

A

vivi pararous

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9
Q

turtles

A

sharp beak no teeth
oviparous

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10
Q

sea turtles

A

7 extant species
fully marine
soft glands (eyes)

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11
Q

Sea snake & Sea Krait

A

mostly marine; diving breathing nostrils
breathing nostrils
mostly venomous
paddle tail
salt gland under tongue

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12
Q

sea snake

A

ovoviviparous

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13
Q

sea kraits

A

oviparous *pacific & Indian oceans

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14
Q

Sauropsids

A

feathered birds

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15
Q

powered flight

A

light weight body
high metabolism
104-108 degrees or 40-42 Celsius
they have to eat a lot of food to keep that temp

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16
Q

Synapsida

A

mammal-like reptiles

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17
Q

Order Carnivora Marine Forms

A

Cat & dog like: sea otters, polar bears, seals walrus and sea lions

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18
Q

sea otters, polar bears, seals walrus and sea lions traits

A

non retractable claws
long snouts
birth on land
carnivorous

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19
Q

polar bears

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A

ursa maritimus
*artic ocean sea ice only
largest extant bear species
dense fur + non blubber fat layer

20
Q

sea otters

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A

mustelids (weasel family)
dense fur only no blubber
sensory whiskers
coastal temperate pacific

21
Q

pinnipeds

Study These Flashcards
A

“fin feet”
seals, sealions, walrus, 34 species

22
Q

pinnipeds features

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A

dense fur + blubber
sensory whiskers (vibrissae)
front and rear limbs modified into flippers

23
Q

walrus

Study These Flashcards
A

cobodenus roswarns
*artic ocean
no external ears
rotatable rear flippers
tusk carnies

24
Q

Eared Seals

Study These Flashcards
A

Sea lions & fur seals
rotatable rear flippers
enlarged front flippers
external ears

25
True Seals
Phocids no external ears small front flippers rear limbs partially fused
26
Odontocetes
Toothed whales 80spp single blowhole toothed jaws grasping/tearing teeth predators melon echo location
27
Cetaceans
Dolphins & whales 90 spp front limbs generated rear limbs generated tail adapted into swimming fluke dorsal fin blowhole blubber *birth in ocean *carnivorous, predators or large plankton(filter feeders)
28
Mysticetes
Baleen Whales (blue and grey whale) 14spp no teeth split blowhole baleen filter feeding
29
Order Sirenia
Manatees + Dugongs front limbs adapted into flippers rear limbs degenerated tail adapted into swimming fluke blubber sensory whiskers ( vibrissae) *birth in ocean herbivorous
30
Coral
Cnidarians soft animal polyp nestles in coralite feeding tentacles ring out CaCO3 skeletons (make limestone coral rock) lining coral thin layer on top most corals are colonial most have tissue symbionts
31
Agal Zooxanthellae
Mutualists Host provide shelter and fertilizer. Symbiont provides sunblock and food. they are found in the epidermal tissue of the polyp they give most coral their color
32
Soft Coral Growth types
sea fans, sea rods, sea plumes, and black corals soft coral uncommon in atlantic usually polyps of 8 mainly in pacific/indian ocean
33
Ahermatypics
don't form bioherms non stony or small stony or solitary encrusting, too small, too soft
34
Hermatypic
bio herm forming All stony & colonial massive or large branching types not encrusters deep water lophelia reef live at or hotter than 60 or 68 degrees isotherm tropics & subtropics eastern continent preference
35
Scleractinian Corals
the main coral reef builder (stony)
36
Hermatypic coral Water requirments
full 35ppt salinity photic zone nutrient poor clear/transparent
37
How coral reefs form & grow
need hard bottom need hermatypic corals sediment &rubble deposits (joins bases of adjacent corals & fills in loose spaces) Encrusting algaes and ahermatypic corals cement
38
Old reef
heavy bioerosion open up spaces under & inside reef creates shattered habitats
39
Common Reef Bioeroders
Boring sponges boring clams boring sea urchins parrot fish
40
Island Coral formation
Fringing reef Barrier reef Atoll
41
Fringing reef
fringe land - no lagoon
42
Barrier Reef
narrow landward lagoon
43
Atoll
ring of coral/islands land submerged central lagoon
44
Coral reef zones
Reef crest (algal ridge) Buttress zone (upper forefront reef) fore reef (below buttress) spur & groove zone Reef flat (inshore of reef crest) Coral Reef Lagoon
45
Corals bleach when stressed
global warming el nino hurricanes sea level rise pollution Ocean acidification dredging touching
46

Marine Biology (2 decks)

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