Exam III Flashcards by Kara Neely

Documentary photo; after effect of battle; dead confederate soldier staged; Realism

Timothy O’Sullivan, The Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter: Battle filed at Gettysburg, 1863, albumen print

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of working poor; not an important event; could be seen every day; dingy color palette; revolt a year earlier by poor; Realism

Gustave Courbet, The Stone Breakers, 1849

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Pavilion of Realism

temporary structure that Gustave erected next door to the official Salon-like Exposition Universelle.

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first modernism nude; pokes fun at Venus of Urbino; Olypia = low-class prostitute; regects male gaze; Realism

Edouard Manet, Olympia, 1863

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Professors name Gross; brutally real; “real” operation; could be seen everyday; Realism

Thomas Eakins, The Gross Clinic, 1875

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Trusses, ballon frame

heavy timbers repalced with thin studs held together by nails

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Impressionism

The experience of modernity

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complimentary colors; daubing; focusing on color and feeling not subject; Impressionism

Claude Monet, Impression: Sunrise, 1872

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popular gather place; open dance hall; blurred details to signify movement; viewer floating and looking down on scene; subjects off axis; disjointed scene; Impressionism

Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette, 1876

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photo-realistic (because it is based from a photo), obilque angles, awkwardly cropped; subjects off axis and looking off into the distance (at we don’t know what) and ignoring other people; Impressionism

Qustave Caillebotte, Paris: A Rainy Day, 1877

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not objective of scene but how it made him feel; scene reflects death and suicide; cypress trees (grave yards) and stars (final destination for souls); Post-Impressionism

Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night, 1899

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uses pointilism; scientific method to art; colors created by certain mix on dots of different colors; figures fixed in palce in a classical style; Post-Impressionism

George Seurat, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884-86

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pointillism/Divisionism

use of tiny dots of color; blend in eye

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fireworks; used names related to music; not realistic landscape, evocation of magical mood; Symbolism

James Abbott McNeil Whistler, Nocturne in Black and Gold (The Falling Rocket), 1875

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Symbolism

paintings of ideas, flight from modern life; escape into dream world

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Femme fatale

sexual and dangerous woman

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couples sleeping at night; shoruded figure straddles man; succubus; Frued: 2 human drives- eros (sexual) and thamatos (death); Symbolism

Ferdinard Hodler, Night, 1890

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curved lines to show sound; Anxiety and angst expressed symbolically; sybolism

Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893

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assitant of Burghers- mistress/student; breakdown; spend last 30 years in mental hospital; dancing reminicent of sex; Symbolism

Camile Claudel, The Waltz, 1892-1905

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avart-garde

before guard

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Fauvism

beast like use of brushsrokes and colors; nonrepersenational

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Fauvism; spirit of jouissance; break down Renaisance pictorial window; use medim for inherent qualities, not approximate photo

Henri Matisse, Le Bonheur do Vivre (The Joy of Life), 1905-06

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Expressionism; prostitutes (distigusished by feathers and fur trimmed coats); titled perspcetive; guy on right pretending to not recognize smug prostitutes

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Berlin, 1913

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Primitivism; hard brushwork; Proto-Cubism; Analtic Cubism; prostitutes; spatio-temporal collapse- multiple angles occuring simultaneously

Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907

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Primitivism; cubism

Braque, Violin and Palette, 1909-10

Futurism; man running; focusing on movement; no arms!!

Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913

Dada

"hobby horse"; mocked authority; dada is the way they make poetry, which is completelty nonsenseical

-anti-art art; reject traditional art forms; purposely childish; rejects old masters; "eelle a chaud au cul" = "she's got a hot ass"; Dada

Marchel Duchamp, L. H. O. O. Q., 1919

idea is what matters; literally a urinal; readymade, found object; Dada

Marcel Duchamp, Fountian, 1917

readymade, found object

mass produced; stripped of function but reintroduced as art

political and feminist concerns; using dada to attack; photomontage; Dada

Hanna Höch, Cut with a Kitchen Knife Dada, 1919

International style

modern architecture

reduses elements to geometric; no floursihes, oly functional; everything is essential; purism

Le Corbusier, Villa Savoye, 1929-1930

Purism

stripping down basics; geometric essentials

Domino construction system

6 suporting steel beam; no wall needed

cutain walls

funcionalist

masonry; brick; overlapping goemetric shapes; long roof; inspired by japanese style; uninterested in machine aesthetic; Purism

Frank Lloyd Wright, Frederick C. Robie House, 1906-1909

Prairie Style

low horizontal house

Neo-Plasticism

rejected decorative expressess of pre war and emotionally laden complexity of contemporary Expressionism

Primary colors, horizontal and verticals; so Dutch; suggestive of harmony of universe; Neo-Plasticism; non-objective art; De Stijl

Piet Mondrian, Compostion with Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930

Non-objective art

nothing from reality

domino contruction; no walls; have portable sliding walls; machine aeshetic; form follows function; Neo-Plasticism

Walter Gropius, Bauhaus, 1925-1926

Surrealism

true and human; subconsicious mind; replaced Dada

Psychic automatism

revealing psyche

most common type of surrealism; used psychic automatism; Biomorphic Surrealsim

Joan Miró, Composition, 1933

Biomorphic surrealsim

uses biomorphic shapes

paranoiac-critcal method; Naturalist Surrealism; themes: sexuality, violence, putrefication; not supposed to know what is happening; HOLES ARE SEXY

Salvador Dali, Birth of Liquid Desires, 1931-1932

paranoiac-critical method

make inner world concrete

cup stripped of original function; oral sex between women; Surrealism

Meret Oppenheim, Object (Luncheon in Fur), 1936

based off of Spanish Civil War; how we view the world; black, white, gray; 1st to express horrors of WWII; remind you of news footage; Surrealism

Pablo Picasso, Guernica, 1937

Existentialism

philosophy should question man's condition of existence

Formalism

Modernism; emhasis on visual elements instead of subject matter; form over context

archetype of woman; always recognizable; gorgon like face and posture; repainted 200 times; psychic automatism; Formalism

Willem de Kooning, Woman I, 1950-52

darker to lighter; just flung paint on the canvas; gestural abstraction; action painting; Formalism

Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm (Number 30), 1950

action painting

painting caused by making gestures (dancing, etc)

shapes as "ideas" (supernatural/sublime); color is conveying a meaning; Chromatic abstraction; Color Field Painting; Formalism

Mark Rothko, Lavender and Mulberry, 1959

Chromatic abstraction

color!

Color field painting

fields of color

uses masking tape; "herois sublime man"; based on Native American woven blankets; Formalist; Post-Painterly Abstraction, hard-edge abstraction

Barnett Newman, Vir Heroicus Sublimis, 1950-51

Neo-Dada

new Dada

bull's eye; doors open to reveal casts of body parts; reintroduced; behind the surface/process is human involvement/subject; Neo Dada

Jasper Johns, Target with Plaster Casts, 1955

taken from mass produced advertisements; consumer culture, social satire; New Adam and Eve; opposite of Formalism; Neo-Dada; collage

Ricahrd Hamilton, Just What Is It That Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing, 1955

meaasge is what matter; ambivilance in women' women want independence; Benday dots; Pop Art

Roy Lichtenstein, Oh Jeff...I Love You, too...But, 1964

Benday Dots

commercial technique; saves money on color printing

commercialized; desensitized through repetition; gold background implies she's a saint; stencil; silkscreening; Pop Art

Andy Warhol, Marilyn Monroe Diptych, 1962

Silkscreening

stencil over screen

movement to Second America Revolution; Vietnam; Birth control invented; gender and racial equality; "make love, not war"; POP ART

Cales Oldenburg, Lipstick (ascending) On Caterpillar Tracks, reworked, 1974

dematerialization

taking away material value

minimalism

rejected handcrafted objects; industrial material

comprehend art object without focal point; shapes without hierarchy; 12 identical units (iron); avoid allusion to subject; objects are aggressively themselves; minimalism

Don Judd, Unititled, 1967

objecthood

no more intersting than objects

Happenings

what was happening at the time

Performance Art

act of making art the significant part

destroyed works after; making it the art; performance art

Shozo Shimamoto, Hurling Colors, 1956

New Realism

art now takes form from real world

Conceptual Art

"idea" seperable from "form"; literal "dematerialization" of art

Conceptual Art; surrounded by his drawings; walking around exhibition with dead rabbit; rational and spiritual; meaning cannot be explained fully in syntax

Joseph Beuys, How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare, 1965

Semiotics

signifier-sound or visula image signified- mental concept or idea

Feminism; ladies role as homemaker; places set for famous women; "last Supper"; conceptual art

Judy Chicago, The Dinner Party, 1974-1979

Semiotices; study of signs; conceptual art

Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965

commentary of stereotype of black women; conceptual art

Betye Saar, The Liberation of Aunt Jemina, 1972

appropriation

material from one source reintroduced in another context

Post modernism

questions patriarchy; stadegy of making art not style; rejects seriousness

mimic international style; unclustered skin; pastiche (looks like combination of phone booth and dresser); pluralism; Post Modernism

Phillip Johnson, AT&T Headquarters, New York, 1984

pastiche

hodge-podge; combining two things

pluralism

social and cultural diversity

second wave feminism; questions gender construction and male gaze; artfull in concept not medium; words make eyes travel down; Post Modernism

Barbara Kruger, Untitled (Your Gaze Hits the Side of my Face), 1981

different hairstyles; hair as indicator of race, gender, cless; defying system of stereotypes; Post Modernism; Pluralism

Lorna Simpson, Stereo Styles, 1988

Photo of crucifix suspened in blood and pee; people overlook Christ's physicality;Post Modernism

Andres Serrano, Piss Christ, 1989

dead animals; mother and child divided from each other and cut in half; supsended; forced to confront actuallity of death; Post Modernism

Damein Hirst, Mother and Child Divided, 1993

Globalism

unification of world's economic order "Americanization"

Postcoloniaism

discourse of the reactions to and effects of the cultural legacy of Western colonization

Iranian Artist; "woman of Allah"; Farsi witten on face with weapon; criticizes Westernizatio; TERRORISM; Western feel threatened; Postcolonialism

Shirin Neshat, Rebellious Silence, 1994

The Other

Middle East opposite of U.S

CAD; assymetrical design, orgainic sculpture; color of skin changes; form changes as you walk around; Postcolonialism; Deconstructiontivist Architecture