Exam III Oncology Flashcards

Question

Natural Products - Microtubule agents

Answer 1

M-Phase **Synthetic and semi-synthetic** **Diffuse mechanisms of action** **Vinca alkaloids prevent microtubule assembly** **Taxanes prevent microtubule disassembly**

Answer 2

**Taxanes** Docetaxel - neuropathies, peripheral edema, hypersensitivity reactions Paclitaxel - neuropathies, hypersensitivity reactions -Premedicate with H1 and H2 blocker + steroid **Vinca Alkaloids** Vincristine - neuropathies, constipation, DO NOT give intrathecally Vinblastine Vinorelbine - myelosuppression

Answer 3

**Topoisomerase I inhibitors** _Irinotecan_, Topotecan **Topoisomerase II inhibitors** Etoposide, Teniposide **Enzyme** Asparaginase, Pegaspargase **Irinotecan - diarrhea (2 phases)** Immediate - cholinergic reaction Delayed - Ioperamide, Diphenoxylate/Atropine **_Etoposide_ - secondary cancers** **Asparaginase - hypersensitivity reaction, hyperglycemia, pancreatitis, coagulopathies** E Coli-drevived PEGylated, Erwinia-derived

Answer 4

**Eribulin - Sea sponge** Microtubule-like Agents Toxicities: Fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, CINV **Trabectedin - Sea squirt** Mechanism - somewhat like an alkylating agent Toxicities: fatigue, hand-foot syndrome, CINV, hepatic damage

Answer 5

Blocks production of hormones or hormone receptors in the body Anti-estrogens Anti-androgens Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs Ex: breast, prostate cancer

Answer 6

**LHRH agonists** Inhibit the pituitary (through negative feedback) from releasing LH and FSH which stops stimulation of the testes to produce testosterone (can also be used in breast cancer with same MOA but stops stimulation of ovaries to produce estrogen) Tumor flare Leuprolide, Goserelin, Triptorelin **LHRH antagonists** Directly inhibits pituitary from releasing LH and FSH Degarelix **Antiandrogens** Blocks Androgen receptors Bicalutamide, Flutamide, Nilutamide, Enzalutamide, Apalutamide Abiraterone

Answer 7

Identifies certain features of a cancer cell that make it different from the normal cell Prevents Tumor cells from entering cell cycle or target signals that trigger cancer growth, metastasis, and immortality Monoclonal antibodies ^{Antibodies that match an antigen on the cancer cell surface} Molecularly targeted therapies ^{Block signalling inside the cell}

Answer 8

**VEGF signalling pathway (VSP) inhibitors** (VEGF(R) inhibitors - vascular endothelial growth factor (receptor)) HTN, proteinuria, bleeding, impaired wound healing HTN may indicate effectiveness Bevacizumab, Sunitinib, Pazopanib, Regorafenib, ETC. **EGFR inhibitors - epidermal growth factor receptor** Acneiform rash Rash may indicate effectiveness Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Alectinib, Cetuximab, Panitumumab

Answer 9

**mTOR inhibitors - mammalian Target of Rapamycin** Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, mucosal sensitivity, ulcers Drug interactions - 3A4 Everolimus, sirolimus, temsirolimus **BCR-ABL mutation inhibition -** Imatinib (edema, N/V), Dasatinib (neutropenia, edema, N/V), Nilotinib (N/V, fatigue), Ponatinib (cardiac), Bosutinib (N/V/D) CYP3A4 substrates (except ponatinib) so drug interactions possible ^{Imantinib also a 3A4 inhibitor}

Answer 10

**CD20 - Rituximab, Ofatumumab, Obinutuzumab - (infusion RXN, myelosuppression)** **HER2 inhibition - human epidermal growth factor receptor - 2** Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab - Cardiotoxicity Lapatinib - N/V/D, fatigue, hand-foot syndrome; drug interactions with strong 3A$ inducers/inhibitors (also cardiotoxicity as it is a HER2 INH)

Answer 11

**MAB: Brentuximab (neuropathy), Vemurafenib (Colitis), Bortezomab (Neuropathies)** Potential hypersensitivity reactions based on mAB origin QT prolongation ^{Nilotinib, Pazopanib, Ponatinib} Fatigue, hair thinning Low grade (if at all) ^N/V ^{Myelosuppression}

Answer 12

**Hair depigmentation (and repigmentation)** **Dysphonia** **Hypothyroidism** Sunitinib, Pazopanib, Regorafenib

Answer 13

INF Interleukin Lenalidomide Thalidomide CTLA-4 inhibitors PD-1 inhibitors Cancer Vaccine

Answer 14

**Pembrolizumab** ?? Big adverse effects LO

Exam III Oncology Flashcards

(43 cards)