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Immunology Quiz III & Exam III Material > Exam III Review > Flashcards

Exam III Review Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

BCR (B cell receptors) & Abs

A

-Directly recognize antigens
-Can recognize diverse antigens (protein, lipids, carbs, nucleic acids)

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2
Q

TCR (T cell receptors)

A

-can only recognize antigens presented in the context of MHC molecules
-only recognize peptide antigens

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3
Q

Accessory molecules for signal transduction aside from CD3 complex

A

Zeta Zeta

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4
Q

LFA1 (CD11)

A

Integrin that docks T cell to APC

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5
Q

T cell proliferation and differentiation

A

-Gene rearrangement / somatic recombination occur during T cell development
-Recombinase enzyme coded by RAG proteins on chromosome 11
-NO somatic hypermutation
-NO class switching

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6
Q

ITAMS

A

-activated by phosphorylation
-accessory proteins
-essential for signal transduction

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7
Q

MHC (Major histocompatibility Complex)

A

-MHC recognize PROTEIN AGS ONLY
-MHC is needed for T cells to recognize Ags

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8
Q

MHC I

A

-found on ALL NUCLEATED CELLS
-present endogenous (Intracellular) peptides; includes self proteins and viral/bacterial proteins
-presents peptides of 8-11 amino acids
-T cytotoxic CD8 activation

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9
Q

MHC II

A

-T helper cell (CD4) activation
-present exogenous (extracellular) peptides
-found on APCs (B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages)
-role: produce cytokines to tell other immune cells what to do (humoral and cellular response)

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10
Q

Antigen processing of MHC I occurs in the

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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11
Q

IL1

A

Increases permeability of vascular endothelium; stimulates IL6 production

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12
Q

IL6

A

Acts on the liver to produce acute phase proteins -> inflammation

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13
Q

IL8

A

Attracts & activates neutrophils; increase permeability of vascular endothelium

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14
Q

IL12

A

Activates NK cells; influences lymphocyte differentiation

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15
Q

Assembly with MHC I or MHC II depends on…

A

The route through the cell

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16
Q

Superantigens

A

-activate large #s of T cells without attaching to the groove of MHC molecules
-nonspecific attachment & activation
-binds beta subunit of MHC

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17
Q

Lck

A

Tyrosine kinase associate with the tails of CD4/CD8V mediate the phosphorylation of ITAMS

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18
Q

CD11 (LFA1)

A

Binds CD54 (ICAM 1 on APC)

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19
Q

CD28

A

Binds B7 on APC

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20
Q

CD3 Complex

A

6 peptide chains

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21
Q

T Cells only recognize

A

Processed peptide antigens presented by MHC

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22
Q

B Cells recognize

A

Naive / Unaltered conformational Ags

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23
Q

Thymus Independent “TI”

Study These Flashcards
A

-T cells are not needed
-Non protein antigens
-only IgM is produced
-NO ISOTYPE SWITCHING
-activation is costimulated by CD21 (CR2) - binds C3d, CD81, CD19
-some memory B cells
-little / no affinity maturation

24
Q

Thymus Dependent “TD”

Study These Flashcards
A

-T helper cells are required
-Protein Ags
-BCR clonal expansion & differentiation require signals from T helpers
-Induce GC responses
-Isotype switching takes place

25
CD40
Binds CD40L on the T helper cell; promotes B cell activation, isotype switching, other APC functions CD40L deficiency —> hyper IgM syndrome - bc no class switching
26
B7
Binds CD28 (on T helpers)
27
IL4
B cells proliferation (+IL2); IL4 alone —> IgE IL4 + IFN GAMMA —> IgG
28
IL5
B cell differentiation into plasma cells; IL5 + TGF, BAFF -> IgA; activates eosinophils
29
IL6
B cell differentiation into plasma cells
30
Isotype Switching
-requires cytokines signal from T helper cell (CD40-CD40L) -constant portion of heavy chain changes; effector end changes -variable region stays the same
31
Affinity Maturation
-occurs in GCs = the result of somatic hypermutation followed by positive selection of high affinity B cells -high affinity B cells give rise to long-lived plasma & memory cells
32
Primary Ab Response
Generates memory B cells
33
Secondary Ab Response
Rapid recognition & Ab synthesis - memory B cells; rapid isotype switching from IgM -> IgG; stronger response = more IgG and higher affinity
34
IgM
First produced
35
IgA
Found in secretions
36
IgD
BCR
37
IgG
Most prevalent, crosses placenta
38
IgE
Allergic reactions; Multicellular parasites
39
Agglutination
-clumping of particles -IgM, IgG, IgA
40
Opsonization
-pathogen is marked -IgG
41
Neutralization
-IgM, IgG, IgA
42
Complement
-cascade event -IgM, IgG
43
Th1
-Intracellular infection (Bacteria, Virus , Protozoa) cell mediated -Differentiation by: IL-12, IFN Gamma -Secretes IFN Gamma, TNF, IL-10, IL-13
44
Th2
-parasites & allergies (humoral immunity) -diff by IL-4 -secretes IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13
45
Th17
-fungal & extracellular bacteria -diff by IL-6, TGF Beta -secretes IL-17, IL-22
46
Thregulatory
-suppress response to prevent autoimmunity & limit tissue damage -secretes IL-10 & TGF
47
Complement System
Made in the liver, generate innate and adaptive immune responses
48
What is the central protein?
C3
49
The 3 activation pathways all aim to activate
C3 (THE CENTRAL PROTEIN)
50
Opsonization
C3b (marks the pathogen for destruction)
51
MAC
-common among all 3 pathways -MAC = C5b + C6 + C7 + C8 + C9 -opsonization of pathogens + removal by phagocytosis + cell lysis
52
Classical & Lectin
C3 -> C4b2a C5 -> C4b2a3b
53
Alternative pathway
C3 convertase -> C3bBb C5 convertase -> C3bBb3b
54
Activation of naive B cells is best achieved by?
Dendritic cells
55
What type of antigens induce germinal centers?
T dependent
56
Activation by Superantigens
Attaches to the beta
57
T helper 17 for
Neutrophil activation

Immunology Quiz III & Exam III Material (4 decks)

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