Exam notes Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is true of chemical burns?
Chemical burns are caused by contact with certain chemicals; they will continue burning until the chemical is removed, and delayed symptoms may be present.
The source of chemical burns can take which form?
It can be liquids, solids, or gases.
Describe the signs and symptoms of partial thickness burns.
Red, blistered skin, swelling, a wet surface, and very painful.
Compare and contrast sprains and strains.
Sprains are stretching or tearing of ligaments (bone to bone), while a strain is stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons (muscle to bone). Both cause pain, swelling, and bruising.
What is true of electrical burns?
Electrical burns can cause external and internal injuries, damage may be worse internally, and can lead to cardiac arrest or irregular heartbeat.
What is the Rule of Nines?
It is used to estimate the body surface area burned. One leg is 9%, each arm is 4.5%, the abdomen area is 9%, the chest area is 9%, the lower back is 9%, the upper back is 9%, the head is 4.5%, and the genital area is 1%.
What is the percentage for the face?
The front of the face is 4.5%, and the back is 4.5%.
What are the steps involved in delivering a baby?
Labor: PPE, clean area, initial phase of labor if contractions are 2 minutes apart, then delivery of the baby won’t reach the hospital. Birth: the baby’s head is crowning and is being delivered, clear the baby’s airway, and check the umbilical cord. Post delivery care: assist with the delivery of the placenta, clamp the cord, warm and dry the baby, assess the newborn, and monitor the mother.
What is crowning?
Crowning means the birth is happening soon; it is the second stage of labor.
How would you stop excessive bleeding during childbirth?
Massage the uterus, encourage breastfeeding, and place a pad over the vagina.
What are the whitish cords attached to bone?
The white cords are tendons.
How would you treat a rib fracture?
Stabilize with a sling or pillow and encourage shallow breathing.
How would you treat a flail chest?
Have the patient lie on the injured side if possible and monitor breathing.
What would you do if organs are outside the body?
Eviseration, I would cover with a moist sterile dressing and have the patient bend their legs.
Describe the signs, symptoms, and treatment for hypoglycemia.
They would experience confusion, shakiness, sweating, hunger, unconsciousness, etc. Treatment such as sugar can be given, and call 911 if unconscious.
Describe the signs, symptoms, and treatment for hypothermia.
They would shiver, have slurred speech, slow breathing, confusion, etc. I would move the victim to a warm place, remove wet clothing, and gradually warm them.
How would you treat a fracture in the woods?
Immobilize with makeshift splints such as sticks, I would secure above and below the injury.
How would you describe the appearance of a dislocated shoulder?
Deformed, out of place, arm held close to the body, and the patient would experience pain and inability to move.
How would you care for a patient with a severed finger?
Control bleeding with a sterile dressing, wrap the finger in a moist sterile dressing, then place it in a plastic bag, and on top of a container of ice.
Which type of dressing would you use for small wounds?
Adhesive bandage.
Which type of dressing would you use for medium wounds?
Gauze pad with tape.
Which type of dressing would you use for large wounds?
Large sterile dressings and bandage wraps.
When would you use gauze?
To absorb blood, protect a wound, and allow breathing.
When would you use an adhesive bandage?
For small, minor cuts or abrasions.
