Exam One Ch. 1-7

Question 1

Aerosols

Answer 1

Small suspend particles in the air

Question 2

Argon

Answer 2

An inert gas found in the atmosphere at a nearly constant proportion of about 0.9%.

Question 3

Aurora Austrails

Answer 3

Illumination of the sky found in the high Northern or Southern latitudes, which is produced as charged particles arriving from the Sun react with the upper atmosphere.

Question 4

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 4

An important variable gas in the atmosphere, made up of one atom of carbon found to two atoms of oxygen. An important greenhouse gas.

Question 5

Celsius Scale

Answer 5

Temperature scale that designates 0 degrees as the freezing point and 100° as the sea level boiling point of water.

Question 6

Climate

Answer 6

Statistical properties of the atmosphere, including measures of average conditions, variability, Etc.

Question 7

Condensation Nuclei

Answer 7

All Airborne particles that enhance condensation. without condensation nuclei, condensation would occur only at very high relative humidity, while condensation nuclei allow condensation to occur at or slightly below 100% relative humidity.

Question 8

Density

Answer 8

Mass of a substance per unit volume, expressed as kilograms per cubic meter in the International System of Units.

Question 9

Dew Point temp

Answer 9

Also called dew point. the temperature at which saturation will occur, given sufficient Cooling.

Question 10

Fahrenheit Scale

Answer 10

Temperature scale that assigns values 32 degrees to the freezing point of water and 212 degrees to the sea level boiling point of water.

Question 11

Front

Answer 11

A transition zone between two dissimilar air masses (that is air masses with different temperature, moisture, or density).

Question 12

Hetero-sphere

Answer 12

High atmosphere where gases are not well mixed, but rather are stratified according to molecular weight. vertical motions are too weak to overcome gravitational settling, so have your gases are found beneath lighter gases.

Question 13

Homo-sphere

Answer 13

The lowest 80 km of the atmosphere in which the relative abundance of the permanent gases is constant.

Question 14

Hydro-logic Cycle

Answer 14

Perennial movement of water and it’s three phases between the atmosphere, Earth’s surface, and groundwater.

Question 15

Inversion

Answer 15

Condition in which temperature increases with increasing altitude.

Question 16

Ionosphere

Answer 16

Region and the upper atmosphere from about 8 to 500 km where charged particles are relatively abundant.

Question 17

Ions

Answer 17

electrically charged atom or group of atoms.

Question 18

Isobar

Answer 18

A line on a weather map connecting points of equal pressure. moving along an isobar, there is no change in pressure. the pressure gradient Force acts perpendicular to isobars.

Question 19

Kelvin Scale

Answer 19

An absolute temperature scale, we’re of value of 0 k implies an absence of thermal energy. the Kelvin scale assigns 100 units between the melting and sea-level boiling points of water.

Question 20

Kilopascal (kPa)

Answer 20

A unit of pressure equal to 1000 Pascal’s or 0.1 millibars.

Question 21

Mesosphere

Answer 21

Region of the atmosphere from about 50 km to 80 km, characterized by decreasing temperature with increasing altitude.

Question 22

Meteorology

Answer 22

Science that studies the atmosphere.

Question 23

Methane

Answer 23

An important greenhouse gas comprised of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms, with present-day concentration of about 1.8 parts per million.

Question 24

Millibar (mb)

Answer 24

A unit of atmospheric pressure, abbreviated as mb. sea level pressure is about 1013 mb.

Question 25

National Weather Service

Answer 25

The official meteorological Agency for the United States.

Question 26

Nitrogen

Answer 26

An inert gas compromising about 78% of the atmosphere.

Question 27

Outgassing

Answer 27

The emission of gases that accompanies volcanic eruptions.

Question 28

Oxygen

Answer 28

A reactive gas essential for Life compromising about 21% of the atmosphere. has limited role in atmospheric processes.

Question 29

Ozone

Answer 29

Molecules consisting of three oxygen atoms, most abundant in the middle and upper stratosphere.

Question 30

Ozone Layer

Answer 30

The portion of the stratosphere where ozone is relatively abundant, reaching a few parts per million.

Question 31

Permanent gases

Answer 31

Those gases who is relative abundance is constant within the homosphere.

Question 32

Photo-dissociation

Answer 32

Splitting of molecules in two atoms or sub-molecules by radiation. For example, in the thermosphere, ultraviolet radiation dissociates molecular oxygen into Atomic oxygen.

Question 33

Photosynthesis

Answer 33

The growth process of green plants, where buy water and carbon dioxide are converted into carbohydrates, releasing oxygen.

Question 34

Pressure

Answer 34

Force exerted per unit area. in most Sciences the standard unit of measurement is the Pascal, equal to 1 N/m squared. in Daily meteorological applications, however, the millibar is frequently used in the United States and the kilopascal in Canada.

Question 35

Relative Humidity

Answer 35

The measure of the amount of water vapor in the air as a fraction of saturation, often expressed as a percentage. because the saturation point is temperature dependent, relative humidity depends on both the moisture content and the temperature of the air.

Question 36

Respiration

Answer 36

Biological process that combines oxygen with carbohydrates to produce energy, releasing water vapor and carbon dioxide as by-products.

Question 37

Scientific Method

Answer 37

A framework used to make scientific discoveries about the physical world.

Question 38

Scientific Theory

Answer 38

Scientific hypothesis that have withstood repeated tests and have not been contradicted and are generally accepted as scientific fact.

Question 39

Standard Atmosphere

Answer 39

The mean structure of the atmosphere with regard to temperature and pressure.

Question 40

Station Model

Answer 40

a plotting on weather maps for individual locations depicting current temperature, dew point, pressure, and other meteorological information.

Question 41

Stratospause

Answer 41

Upper limits of the stratosphere; the transition between the stratosphere and mesosphere.

Question 42

Stratosphere

Answer 42

A layer of atmosphere between about 16 and 50 km, characterize buy generally increasing temperature with increasing altitude.

Question 43

Thermosphere

Answer 43

Outermost reaches of the atmosphere, beginning at about 80km, characterized by increasing temperature with increasing altitude and by extremely low density.