Exam One: Chapters 1&2

Question 1

What is it called when an organism adapts to its environment?

Answer 1

Evolution

Question 2

What is the scientific study of life?

Answer 2

Biology

Question 3

What are the unifying themes of life?

Answer 3

Organization, information, energy and matter, interactions, evolution.

Question 4

What is it called when complex systems are reduced to simpler components?

Answer 4

Reductionism

Question 5

The arrangement and interaction of parts within a system

Answer 5

Emergent properties

Question 6

exploration of biological system by analyzing the interactions among it’s parts

Answer 6

System biology

Question 7

What are the main forms of cells?

Answer 7

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Question 8

This cell has DNA in it’s nucleus?

Answer 8

Eukaryotic cell

Question 9

Where is genetic information encoded?

Answer 9

The nucleotide sequence of DNA

Question 10

DNA sequences program cell’s protein production by transcribing into mRNA, then translating into specific proteins.

Answer 10

Gene expression

Question 11

What are the levels of biological organization?

Answer 11

The biosphere, ecosystem, population, organism, organ system, organs, tissue, cell, organelle, molecule, and atom.

Question 12

An organisms entire set of genetic instructions?

Answer 12

Genome

Question 13

The study of sets of genes within and between species.

Answer 13

Genomics

Question 14

The entire set of proteins expressed by cells, tissues, or organisms.

Answer 14

Proteome

Question 15

The study of sets of proteins and their properties.

Answer 15

Proteomics

Question 16

The use of computational tools to store, organize, and analyze large volumes of data.

Answer 16

Bioinformatics

Question 17

What are the three kingdoms of life?

Answer 17

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Question 18

The search for information and plantation of natural phenomena.

Answer 18

Inquiry

Question 19

What is the scientific process in order?

Answer 19

Observation, hypothesis, testing data, and recorded observations.

Question 20

Which form of data has descriptions rather than measurements?

Answer 20

Qualitative Data

Question 21

Which form of data is recorded measurements, and sometimes organized into tables and graphs?

Answer 21

Quantitative Data

Question 22

What draws conclusions through the logical process of inductions?

Answer 22

Inductive reasoning

Question 23

What extrapolates from general premises to specific predictions?

Answer 23

Deductive Reasoning

Question 24

What is the order for inductive and deductive reasoning?

Answer 24

Specific observation-pattern recognition-general conclusion
Existing theory-formulate hypothesis-collect data-analyze data-reject/accept hypothesis

Question 25

What must a hypothesis be for it to count as a hypothesis?

Answer 25

Testable and falsifiable

Question 26

Compares an experimental group with a control group?

Answer 26

Controlled group

Question 27

The factor manipulated by researchers.

Answer 27

Independent variable

Question 28

The effect of the manipulated variable.

Answer 28

Dependent variable

Question 29

This is broader than a hypothesis and can lead to many testable hypothesis, supported by a large amount of evidence.

Answer 29

Theory

Question 30

Scientist use this general process to ask and answer questions about nature.

Answer 30

Scientific inquiry

Question 31

a generalized conclusion can often be drawn from a large number of specific observations.

Answer 31

Inductive reasoning

Question 32

uses ''if . . . then'' logic to proceed from a general hypothesis to specific predictions of results that can be expected if the general premise is true.

Answer 32

Deductive reasoning