EXAM PREP

Question 1

First step of kotters theory

Answer 1

Creat urgency
Examine current market opportunities and analyse competitive position
Highlight impending crisis
Employees respond to visible future problem

Question 2

Kotters theory step 2

Answer 2

Form a powerful coalition

Establish team of unobtrusive assistance (facilitators)

Question 3

Kotters theory step 5

Answer 3

Remove obstacles
Allow participation to defuse fears
If employees are involved develop sense of ownership
Training and development

Question 4

Kotters step 6

Answer 4

Create short term wins
Recognise employees want efforts to be recognised and appreciated
Recognition and reward to encourage risk taking and reinforce positive aspects

Question 5

Define organisational inertia

Answer 5

An unenthusiastic response from management to proposed change

Question 6

Define cost as a restraining force

Answer 6

Purchasing new equipment
Redundancy payments
Retraining workforce
Reorganising plant layout

Question 7

Linking business objectives and strategy

Answer 7

Profit and profitability
Customer and staff satisfaction
Improving product quality

Question 8

Define on the job training

Answer 8

Coaching, job rotation

Question 9

Define off the job experience

Answer 9

Classroom activities, simulations

Question 10

Define intrinsic rewards

Answer 10

Come from task or job itself, such as recognition or feedback or sense of achievement

Question 11

Define extrinsic rewards

Answer 11

Outside job, may be monetary or non

Question 12

Define job analysis

Answer 12

Study of an employees job in order to determine the duties performed , the time involved with the duties and the responsibilities and the equipment required

Question 13

Define job design

Answer 13

Details number, kind and variety of tasks that individual employees perform in thier jobs.

Question 14

What is included in the establishment phase

Answer 14

Planning
Recruitment
Selection
Employment arrangements and remuneration

Question 15

What is included in the maintenance phase

Answer 15

Induction
Training and development
Recognition and reward
Performance management

Question 16

What is involved in the termination phase

Answer 16

Termination management

Entitlement and transition issues

Question 17

First two extrinsic steps of maslows

Answer 17

Physiological - pay for survival

Safety and security- job security

Question 18

What are the three intrinsic rewards

Answer 18

Social - teamwork
Esteem - recognition
Self actualisation - interesting jobs , advancement

Question 19

Define total quality management

Answer 19

Ongoing, organisation wide commitment to excellence that is applied to every aspect of the organisation

Question 20

Define quality

Answer 20

Degree of exellence of goods and services and thier fitness for a stated purpose

Question 21

Define Just in time

Answer 21

Materials management strategy that ensures the exact amount of material inputs will arrive only as they are needed in operations process

Question 22

Define process layout

Answer 22

Deals with high varieties of products by grouping activities, equipment and machinery of similar function together

Question 23

Define facilities design and layout

Answer 23

Planning the layout of workspace to streamline production processes

Question 24

Define productivity

Answer 24

Is a measure of effiencey

Amount of output produced compared to amount of input required in production

Question 25

Define social responsibility

Answer 25

Obligations a business has over and above its legal responsibilities to the wellbeing of employees customers shareholders and the wider community and environment

Question 26

Define ethical management

Answer 26

Process of abiding by moral standards and doing the right thing in the interest of all stakeholders

Question 27

Define problem solving management skill

Answer 27

Broad set of activities involved in searching for and identifying and then implementing a course of action to correct an unworkable situation

Question 28

Define negotiation

Answer 28

The ability to resolve a dispute or to produc a satisfactory agreement on a course of action

Question 29

Define a policy

Answer 29

Broad set of guidelines to be followed by all employees when dealing with important areas of decision making

Question 30

One advantage and disadvantage of centralised system

Answer 30

Centralised wage fixing provides a degree of comparative wage justice and equality for all workers The system is less flexible, same wages could span for an lso in city to a small business in a country town

Question 31

One advantage and one disadvantage of decentralised system

Answer 31

Flexibility to introduce employment conditions that take into account the individual characteristics of each workplace Greater inequality between wages of skilled and unskilled workers, unskilled have less bargaining power

Question 32

Define leadership

Answer 32

Process of positively influencing and encouraging individuals to set and achieve objectives

Question 33

Define cooptation high risk strategy

Answer 33

Selection of a influential person among the potential resistors to be involved in the development and implementation of change

Question 34

Define teamwork low risk strategy

Answer 34

Allows everyone to buy in to the process | Creates change agents who act as catalysts assuming responsibility for managing the change

Question 35

Define autocratic style

Answer 35

One where manager tells staff what describes have been made Directions procedures clearly defined Problems are dealt with quickly Centralised top management No employee input feel devalued No responsibility can lead to abseentism and staff turnover