EXAM QUESTIONS: midterm II

Question 1

Where and on which side can be found the perikarions of the fibers of the spinothalamic tract?

Answer 1

spinal ggl. , contra.

Question 2

Where does the medial lemniscus terminate?

Answer 2

VPL (ventral posterolateral nucleus)

Question 3

Which tract starts from the Clarke’ s cell colunm?

Answer 3

dorsal spinocerebellar (flechsig).

Question 4

Where and on which side do the axons of the gracile and cuneate nucleus terminate?

Answer 4

internal arcuate fibers → midddle lemniscus → VPL, contra

Question 5

Where do you find the 2nd order neurons of the pain-conducting pathway which carries the impulses from the head?

Answer 5

spinal nucl. Of trigeminal → trigeminal lemniscus → VPM

Question 6

In which funiculus and on which side can be found the pathway transmitting the touch sensation from the body?

Answer 6

dorsal funiculus, ipsi.

Question 7

Where does the trigeminal lemniscus terminate?

Answer 7

VPM

Question 8

Where is the end of the central tegmental tract ?

Answer 8

inferior olive.

Question 9

In which part and on which side of the cerebellum does the dorsal spinocerebellar tract end?

Answer 9

vermis, mossy fibers, ipsi

Question 10

In which part and on which side of the cerebellum does the pontocerebellar tract end?

Answer 10

hemisphere (mosi fibers), contra

Question 11

where do fibres of the corticonuclear tract terminate?

Answer 11

motor neurons of cranial n

Question 12

where on and which cells does the corticospinal tract end?

Answer 12

spinal cord
ventral hron ( alpha, gamma, motor neurons)

Question 13

Please find the tract which doesn’t pass through the superior cerebellar peduncle?

a. cerebellothalamic tract
b. cerebellorubral tract
c. vestibulocerebellar tract
d. spinocerebellar tract

Answer 13

c. vestibulocerebellar tract

Question 14

Where do the axons of the neurons of the mesencephalic nucleus end?

Answer 14

pontine nucl. → VPM. (motor neuron of reflex arch, maybe)

Question 15

How do you call the cells innervating the intrafusal fibers of the muscle spindle?

Answer 15

gamma motor neurons

Question 16

.Where do those sympathetic preganglionic fibers synapse which pass to the periphery (to the skin)?

Answer 16

synaptic trunk

Question 17

. Where do those sympathetic preganglionic fibers synapse which pass to the viscera?

Answer 17

prevertebral ggl.

Question 18

Where do you find the sympathetic preganglionic neurons?

Answer 18

lateral horn

Question 19

Which kind of nucleus is the dorsal n. of X.?

Answer 19

GVM

Question 20

Which neuron is the only excitatory neuron of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 20

stellate cells.

Question 21

With which kind of fibers ends the olivocerebellar tract?

Answer 21

climbing fibers.

Question 22

Where do you find the synapse in the proprioceptiv (strech, masseteric) reflex of the muscles of mastication?

Answer 22

motor trigeminal nucl.

Question 23

In which nuclei of the cerebellum terminates the cerebellothalamic tract?

Answer 23

dentate/ VA,AL

Question 24

Where does the ansa lenticularis start?

Answer 24

A: globus pallidus.

Question 25

.Where does the globus pallidus get its afferents?

Answer 25

cortex SN thalamus

Question 26

Except the VPL/VPM which nuclei of the thalamus play role in the pain sensation?

Answer 26

intralaminar nuclei

Question 27

Which nuclei of the thalamus send fibers to the limbic cortex (cingulate)?

Answer 27

AV, AD, AM, LD

Question 28

Which nucleus is not general visceromotor? a. sup. salivatory nucl. b. solitary nucleus c. dorsalis vagal nucleus d. accessory oculomotor nucl.

Answer 28

b. solitary nucleus is not general

Question 29

Which pathway is responsible for the transmission of the epicritic sensibility?

Answer 29

medial lemniscus, trigeminal lemniscus.

Question 30

How do you call the pain-sensitive receptors?

Answer 30

nociceptors

Question 31

Which tracts are responsible for the proprioception?

Answer 31

spinocerebellar???? (dorsal column – med lem, trigeminal lemn)

Question 32

In which nucleus do the pain-fibers coming from the head terminate?

Answer 32

VPM????

Question 33

Which nerve innervates anterior belly of digastric?

Answer 33

mylohyoid n. (mandibular n.)

Question 34

Which nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

Answer 34

mandibular N

Question 35

What is the only motor branch of the sensory root of the mandibular nerve?

Answer 35

A: mylohyoid + ant. Belly of digestric.

Question 36

What do the the axons of the cells of the ciliary ganglion innervate?

Answer 36

ciliary mucles, spichter papillae muscle.

Question 37

What does the abducent nerve innervate?

Answer 37

lateral rectus muscle

Question 38

What does the hypoglossal nerve innervate?

Answer 38

motor innervation of intrinsic and extrinsic muscle (except palatoglossus) + supra/infra hyoid.

Question 39

What does the trochlear nerve innervate?

Answer 39

sup oblique muscle

Question 40

How do you call the axons of the cells of the ciliary ganglion?

Answer 40

postganglionic parasympathetic → short ciliary n.

Question 41

Where do the axons of the cells of the Edinger-Westfal (acc. oculomotor) nucleus end

Answer 41

ciliary ggl.

Question 42

Where do the general visceral efferent fibers (branchialmotor) of the facial nerve originate?

Answer 42

facial nucl.

Question 43

Where do the general visceral afferents of the IX. cranial nerve terminate?

Answer 43

A: inf. Salivatory nucl.

Question 44

Where do the descending fibers of the medial longitudinal fascicle originate ?

Answer 44

A: medial vestibular nucl. + sup. Colliculus.

Question 45

Which kind of neurotransmitters can be found in the cells of locus coeruleus ? A: noradregenic.

Answer 45

A: noradregenic.

Question 46

Fibers of which cranial nerve cross before leaving the brain?

Answer 46

A: troclear (4th)

Question 47

Which cranial nerve nuclei can be found in the rostral part of the pons?

Answer 47

A: motor trigeminal, chief sensory of trigeminal, sup. Salivatory of facial.

Question 48

Which disease appers if the cells of the substantia nigra degenerate?

Answer 48

A: parkinson's.

Question 49

Which kind of neurotransmitters can be found in the striatonigral tract?

Answer 49

GABA.

Question 50

Which kind of neurotransmitters can be found in the raphe nuclei? .

Answer 50

seratonin