Exam Questions Multiple choice Flashcards
(61 cards)
1
Q
- What is organic chemistry primarily concerned with?
a) Study of minerals and metals
b) Study of carbon-containing compounds
c) Study of ionic compounds
d) Study of nuclear reactions
A
b) Study of carbon-containing compounds
2
Q
- Organic molecules are primarily composed of which elements?
a) C, H, O, N
b) C, H, He, Li
c) Si, H, O, N
d) Fe, C, H, O
A
a) C, H, O, N
3
Q
- Which property of carbon allows it to form long chains?
a) High electronegativity
b) Tendency to form ionic bonds
c) Catenation
d) High reactivity
A
c) Catenation
4
Q
- What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in ethene (C₂H₄)?
a) sp
b) sp²
c) sp³
d) sp³d
A
b) sp²
5
Q
- Which type of bond is stronger?
a) Sigma (σ) bond
b) Pi (π) bond
c) Hydrogen bond
d) London dispersion force
A
a) Sigma (σ) bond
6
Q
- How many sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds are in ethyne (C₂H₂)?
a) 1 σ and 2 π bonds
b) 2 σ and 2 π bonds
c) 3 σ and 1 π bonds
d) 1 σ and 1 π bond
A
a) 1 σ and 2 π bonds
7
Q
- A carbon bonded to three hydrogens is classified as:
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary
A
a) Primary
8
Q
- Which functional group is most likely to increase water solubility?
a) Hydroxyl (-OH)
b) Carbonyl (-C=O)
c) Alkyl (-CH₃)
d) Ether (-O-)
A
a) Hydroxyl (-OH)
9
Q
- How does increasing hydrocarbon chain length affect solubility in water?
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) No effect
d) Becomes ionic
A
b) Decreases
10
Q
- Adding more hydrocarbons to a molecule typically:
a) Increases boiling point
b) Decreases boiling point
c) Increases polarity
d) Decreases molecular weight
A
a) Increases boiling point
10
Q
- Which functional group is likely to show hydrogen bonding?
a) Alkene
b) Aldehyde
c) Alcohol
d) Ether
A
c) Alcohol
11
Q
- Why do alcohols have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons?
a) Greater molecular weight
b) Hydrogen bonding
c) Ionic bonding
d) London dispersion forces
A
b) Hydrogen bonding
12
Q
- What type of bond characterizes the benzene ring?
a) Alternating single and double bonds
b) Delocalized π electrons
c) Triple bonds
d) Purely covalent bonds
A
b) Delocalized π electrons
13
Q
- What is the molecular formula of benzene?
a) C₅H₆
b) C₆H₆
c) C₆H₁₂
d) C₇H₈
A
b) C₆H₆
14
Q
- Which functional group is represented by -COOH?
a) Ketone
b) Aldehyde
c) Carboxylic acid
d) Ester
A
c) Carboxylic acid
15
Q
- What is the functional group in an alcohol?
a) -CHO
b) -COOH
c) -OH
d) -O-
A
c) -OH
16
Q
- What is the functional group in ethers?
a) R-OH
b) R-CO-R
c) R-O-R’
d) R-CHO
A
c) R-O-R’
17
Q
- What is the dominant intermolecular force in ketones?
a) Hydrogen bonding
b) Dipole-dipole interactions
c) London dispersion forces
d) Ionic bonding
A
b) Dipole-dipole interactions
18
Q
- Alcohols experience which type of intermolecular force?
a) London dispersion
b) Dipole-dipole
c) Hydrogen bonding
d) Covalent bonding
A
c) Hydrogen bonding
19
Q
- Which of these is a geometric isomer?
a) Cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene
b) Ethanol and dimethyl ether
c) Propane and butane
d) Glucose and fructose
A
a) Cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene
20
Q
- Optical isomers differ in:
a) Molecular formula
b) Connectivity of atoms
c) Spatial arrangement around a chiral center
d) Functional groups present
A
c) Spatial arrangement around a chiral center
21
Q
- Which glycosidic linkage is found in maltose?
a) α-(1→4)
b) β-(1→4)
c) α-(1→6)
d) β-(1→6)
A
a) α-(1→4)
21
Q
- What test is used to detect reducing sugars?
a) Tollen’s test
b) Benedict’s test
c) Fehling’s test
d) All of the above
A
d) All of the above
22
Q
- Which level of protein structure involves α-helices and β-sheets?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary
A
b) Secondary
23
25. Which environmental factor can denature proteins?
a) High temperature
b) Low pH
c) High pH
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
24
26. What is the main function of Fe²⁺ in heme?
a) Catalysis
b) Oxygen binding
c) Electron transport
d) DNA synthesis
b) Oxygen binding
25
27. Which is not a category of lipids?
a) Triacylglycerols
b) Phospholipids
c) Steroids
d) Glycoproteins
d) Glycoproteins
26
28. What is the result of hydrolyzing a triacylglycerol?
a) Glycerol and fatty acids
b) Alcohol and carboxylic acids
c) Esters and water
d) Ketones and alcohols
a) Glycerol and fatty acids
27
29. Which pair of molecules are functional isomers?
a) Ethanol and dimethyl ether
b) Glucose and galactose
c) Cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene
d) Propane and butane
a) Ethanol and dimethyl ether
28
30. What distinguishes positional isomers?
a) Different molecular formulas
b) Different connectivity of atoms
c) Functional groups in different positions
d) Mirror-image arrangements
c) Functional groups in different positions
29
31. What is the functional group in a ketone?
a) -COH
b) -COOH
c) -CO-
d) -CH₃
c) -CO-
30
32. Which functional group is found in amines?
a) -OH
b) -NH₂
c) -CHO
d) -COOR
b) -NH₂
31
33. Which functional group contains a carbon atom double-bonded to oxygen and single-bonded to hydrogen?
a) Ketone
b) Aldehyde
c) Ester
d) Ether
b) Aldehyde
32
34. What is the general formula for an ester?
a) R-COOH
b) R-COOR'
c) R-OH
d) R-NH₂
b) R-COOR'
33
35. Which type of hydrocarbon is most soluble in water?
a) Alkanes
b) Alkenes
c) Aromatic hydrocarbons
d) None of the above
d) None of the above
34
36. Which molecule is more soluble in water?
a) Methanol
b) Pentanol
c) Hexane
d) Benzene
a) Methanol
35
37. Which compound has the highest boiling point?
a) Ethanol
b) Propane
c) Butane
d) Methane
a) Ethanol
36
38. Why does adding a hydrocarbon chain increase boiling points?
a) Increased molecular weight
b) Increased hydrogen bonding
c) Increased ionic interactions
d) Decreased polarity
a) Increased molecular weight
37
39. Which property explains the stability of benzene?
a) Resonance stabilization
b) High bond energy
c) Lack of reactivity
d) Strong π-bonds only
a) Resonance stabilization
38
40. How many π-electrons are delocalized in a benzene ring?
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8
c) 6
39
41. Which intermolecular force is the weakest?
a) London dispersion forces
b) Dipole-dipole interactions
c) Hydrogen bonding
d) Ionic bonding
a) London dispersion forces
40
42. What is the strongest intermolecular force present in amines?
a) London dispersion
b) Dipole-dipole interactions
c) Hydrogen bonding
d) Covalent bonding
c) Hydrogen bonding
41
43. Which monosaccharide is a reducing sugar?
a) Sucrose
b) Glucose
c) Mannitol
d) Cellulose
b) Glucose
42
44. What is the glycosidic linkage in lactose?
a) α-(1→4)
b) β-(1→4)
c) α-(1→6)
d) β-(1→6)
b) β-(1→4)
43
45. The primary structure of a protein is determined by:
a) Sequence of amino acids
b) Hydrogen bonding
c) Hydrophobic interactions
d) Ionic interactions
a) Sequence of amino acids
44
46. Which bond is responsible for the secondary structure of proteins?
a) Covalent bonds
b) Hydrogen bonds
c) Ionic bonds
d) Disulfide bonds
b) Hydrogen bonds
45
47. Which level of protein structure involves multiple polypeptide chains?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary
d) Quaternary
46
48. Phospholipids are major components of:
a) Hormones
b) Cell membranes
c) Energy storage molecules
d) Enzymes
b) Cell membranes
47
49. Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?
a) Palmitic acid
b) Oleic acid
c) Linoleic acid
d) Arachidonic acid
a) Palmitic acid
48
50. A triglyceride is composed of:
a) Three glycerols and one fatty acid
b) One glycerol and three fatty acids
c) Two glycerols and two fatty acids
d) One fatty acid and one glycerol
b) One glycerol and three fatty acids
49
51. What is organic chemistry primarily concerned with?
a) Study of minerals and metals
b) Study of carbon-containing compounds
c) Study of ionic compounds
d) Study of nuclear reactions
b) Study of carbon-containing compounds
50
52. Which property of carbon allows it to form long chains and rings?
a) High electronegativity
b) Tendency to form ionic bonds
c) Ability to catenate (self-bond)
d) Low melting point
c) Ability to catenate (self-bond)
51
54. What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in methane (CH₄)?
a) sp
b) sp²
c) sp³
d) sp³d
c) sp³
52
53. Which functional group is most likely to increase water solubility?
a) Hydroxyl (-OH)
b) Alkyl (-CH₃)
c) Methyl (-CH₃)
d) Carbonyl (-C=O)
a) Hydroxyl (-OH)
53
55. Which of the following is a tertiary carbon?
a) A carbon bonded to one other carbon
b) A carbon bonded to two other carbons
c) A carbon bonded to three other carbons
d) A carbon bonded to four other carbons
c) A carbon bonded to three other carbons
54
56. What type of bonds are found in a benzene ring?
a) Alternating single and double bonds
b) Only double bonds
c) Only single bonds
d) A delocalized π-electron system
d) A delocalized π-electron system
55
57. Which of the following is an example of a geometric isomer?
a) Cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene
b) Glucose and fructose
c) Ethanol and dimethyl ether
d) Propane and butane
a) Cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene
56
58. What type of intermolecular force is most significant between alcohol molecules?
a) London dispersion forces
b) Dipole-dipole interactions
c) Hydrogen bonding
d) Ionic bonding
c) Hydrogen bonding
57
59. Which functional group is nonpolar?
a) Hydroxyl (-OH)
b) Carbonyl (-C=O)
c) Alkyl (-CH₃)
d) Amine (-NH₂)
c) Alkyl (-CH₃)
58
60. How does the addition of hydrocarbon chains affect the boiling point of a molecule?
a) Increases due to stronger London dispersion forces
b) Decreases due to weaker intermolecular forces
c) Stays the same regardless of chain length
d) Decreases due to increased solubility
a) Increases due to stronger London dispersion forces
59
61. Which monosaccharide has the Fischer projection with all hydroxyl groups on the right side?
a) D-glucose
b) L-glucose
c) D-galactose
d) D-fructose
a) D-glucose
