Exam Reveiw 2 Flashcards
(46 cards)
What different kinds of telescopes are there?
refracting- lenses
reflecting- mirrors
radio- detect radio waves
What is the difference between a reflecting and a refracting telescope?
reflecting- uses mirrors
refracting- uses lenses
Why does the Hubble Space telescope produce such clear images?
it is above our atmosphere
What is the difference between a heliocentric and geocentric view of the universe?
heliocentric: sun center
geocentric: earth center
Who was one of the first astronomers to believe in a heliocentric view?
Copernicus
Review the following early astronomers: What are they each known for?
1) Isaac Newton
2) Johannes Kepler
3) Galileo Galilei
4) Tycho Brahe
5) Nicolaus Copernicus.
1) Isaac Newton- laws of motion= planets stay in motion because of inertia and gravity
2) Johannes Kepler- laws of planetary motion = planets move in ellipses around the sun and not perfect circles
3) Galileo Galilei- built telescopes- observed moons of Jupiter, sunspots, and lunar mountains
4) Tycho Brahe- a king built him an observatory where he mapped the position of stars
5) Nicolaus Copernicus- heliocentric model
What is the difference between maria and highlands on the moon?
highlands- heavily cratered and light in color and mountainous
maria- dark smooth plains & few craters
What are rilles?
narrow winding valleys inside the maria
—believed to be collapsed lava tubes
Be able to recognize the phases of the moon. Sketch them in order below:
1) new moon
2) waxing crescent
3) first quarter
4) waxing gibbous
5) full moon
6) waning gibbous
7) 3rd quarter
8)waning Crecent
Which mission put man on the moon?
Apollo 11
Define synchronous rotation.
the moon rotates @ the same rate it revolves around the earth
Name the planets in order. Which ones are the gas giants?
1) Mercury
2) Venus
3) earth
4) mars
GAS GIANTS-
5) Jupiter
6) Saturn
7) Uranus
8) Neptune
What is the difference between a gas giant and a terrestrial planet?
gas giant- far from sun, large, mostly gas, many moons and rings
terrestrial- close to the sun, rock, smaller, no rings, few moons
What causes Jupiter’s giant red spot?
large storm
What are Saturn’s rings made of?
ice & rock/dust
What planet is sometimes called the “Morning Star” or the “Evening Star”?
venus
Why do Uranus and Neptune often appear blue?
because of the methane in there atmosphere
What planet is nicknamed “The Red Planet” because of the iron oxide (rust) in its soil?
mars
Which planet is “Earth’s twin” because they are most similar in size and composition?
Venus
Know the different theories for the moon’s formation and the one most commonly accepted by astronomers today.
*impact theory- mars sized object collided with earth
capture theory- object trapped in earth’s gravity
simultaneous formation theory- moon and earth formed @ the same time
Name the three layers of the sun, starting with the innermost layer.
core
radioactive zone
convective zone
Name the three layers of the sun’s atmosphere, moving from the surface of the sun toward space.
photosphere
chromosphere
corona
Which of the six layers listed above do we see in photographs? Is this layer part of the atmosphere or part of the sun, itself?
photosphere- atmosphere
What is the solar wind?
flow of gases from the corona into space
