Exam Review Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are organisms that depend on the energy stored in chemical bonds of organic molecules created by other organisms for their food energy?
Heterotrophs
The human in the zorb actively rolling down the steep hill is demonstrating what type of energy (potential or kinetic)?
Kinetic energy
Which law of thermodynamic states that in a closed system increases in entropy our favored?
The second law of thermodynamics
What is the main form of long-term energy storage in an animal?
Glucose/glycogen
What is the structure on a plant leaf that allows carbon dioxide to get inside the plant and water and oxygen get out
Stomata
Which pigment is responsible for transferring the energy in a photon of light into chemical energy?
Chlorophyll A
When an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons it is said to be?
Oxidized (LEO- loss of electrons is oxidation)
A mechanism of enzyme activity regulation in which an intermediary product or the final product of a series of sequential reactions inhibits and enzyme for an earlier step in the reaction series?
Feedback inhibition
What are all of the products that come out of glycolysis and where does it occur?
2 net ATP
2 NADH
2 PYRUVATE
IN THE CYTOPLASM
What is it called when an organism uses an organic molecule as the final electron acceptor?
Fermentation
What type of chemical reaction results in products that store more chemical potential energy than the reactants and result in a cooler environment?
Endergonic
Where in the process of cellular respiration are ATP molecules created by substrate level phosphorylization?
Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
Within the visible spectrum of electromagnetic energy which color has the longest wavelength the lowest frequency and the lowest energy?
Red
What is bread beer wine and alcohol considered to be?
Alcohol/ethanol fermentation
What are organisms called that can assemble their own organic molecules using energy from the sunlight in their environment?
Autotrophs
A human in a zorb, sitting motionless at the top of a hill is an example of what type of energy (potential or kinetic)?
Potential energy
Which law of thermal dynamics states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed?
The first law of thermodynamics
What is the main form of long-term energy storage in plants?
Starch
What is the jelly-like fluid surrounding the thylakoid discs within the chloroplast called?
Stroma
What pigment is responsible for gathering photons of light and transferring them to the pigment capable of transferring light energy into chemical energy?
Chlorophyll B
When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons it is said to be?
Reduced (GER)
What is the mechanism for inhibiting enzyme action in which a regulatory molecule binds to a second site (not the active site) and initiates a confirmation change in the activation site, preventing binding with a substrate?
Allosteric inhibition
What are all of the products that come out of the citric acid cycle (not including glycolysis or pyruvate oxidation products) from one molecule glucose and where does it occur?
2 net ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH2
4 CO2
In The matrix of the mitochondria
What is it called when a prokaryote uses an inorganic molecule, other than oxygen, as the final electron acceptor?
Anaerobic respiration
