Exam Review

Question 1

What is radioactivity?

Answer 1

Process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy

Question 2

What is a half-life?

Answer 2

time required for one half of a sample of a radioisotope to decay

Question 3

What is nuclear radiation?

Answer 3

charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes

Question 4

Alpha Radiation:

Type of particle make-up

Answer 4

2 protons and 2 neutrons

Question 5

Beta Radiation:

Type of particle make-up

Answer 5

electron emitted by an unstable nucleus

Question 6

Gamma Radiation:

Type of particle make-up

Answer 6

rat if energy emitted by an unstable,e nucleus

Question 7

Alpha Radiation:

Mass

Answer 7

4

Question 8

Beta Radiation:

Mass

Answer 8

0

Question 9

Gamma Radiation:

Mass

Answer 9

None

Question 10

Alpha Radiation:

Charge

Answer 10

2+

Question 11

Beta Radiation:

Charge

Answer 11

-1

Question 12

Gamma Radiation:

Charge

Answer 12

None

Question 13

Alpha Radiation:

symbol

Answer 13

a

Question 14

Beta Radiation:

symbol

Answer 14

B

Question 15

Gamma Radiation:

symbol

Answer 15

y

Question 16

What is the result/affect of nuclear radiation?

Answer 16

It attaches the DNA in cells and damage the cell

Question 17

What is the name for the amount of radiation that is acceptable?

Answer 17

Background radiation

Question 18

What are two tools used to detect radiations?

Answer 18

Geiger counters and film badges

Question 19

All man-made elements are……

Answer 19

radioactive

Question 20

What is a strong nuclear force?

Answer 20

An attractive force that bonds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus

Question 21

What is nucleosynthesis

Answer 21

cosmic formation of atoms more complex than the hydrogen atom

Question 22

What is the smallest subatomic particle that makes up protons and neutrons?

Answer 22

Quarks

Question 23

What is critical mass?

Answer 23

smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction

Question 24

Fission:

Definition

Answer 24

Split the nucleus into 2 smaller parts

Question 25

Fusion: | Definition

Answer 25

The nucleus of 2 atoms combine to form a larger nucleus

Question 26

Fission: | starts with........

Answer 26

a chain reaction

Question 27

Fusion: | starts with........

Answer 27

high temperatures

Question 28

Fission: | fuel required

Answer 28

uranium

Question 29

Fusion: | fuel required

Answer 29

hydrogen isotopes

Question 30

Positives of nuclear power

Answer 30

can produce clean and efficient energy

Question 31

Negatives of nuclear power

Answer 31

1. hard to produce because of hight temperatures and chain reactions 2. needs to be located near a large body of water or it will cause a melt down

Question 32

In a half life equation, list the steps

Answer 32

1. Divide the amount of years it has been around by it half life 2. Then take .5 and put it to the power of the number you just found 3. Then do the mass of the object multiplied by the last number

Question 33

Symbol?

Answer 33

Letter or letters used to represent an element on the periodic table

Question 34

Chemical formula?

Answer 34

A notation that shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio of atoms or ions of the element in the compound

Question 35

Valence electrons?

Answer 35

The number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom

Question 36

Chemical bond?

Answer 36

The force that holds atoms or ions together as a unit

Question 37

Monatomic ion?

Answer 37

An atom that has a positive or negation electric charge

Question 38

Polyatomic ion?

Answer 38

A covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negation change and acts as a unit

Question 39

Covalent bond?

Answer 39

a chemical bond in which 2 atoms share a pair of valence electrons

Question 40

Ionic bond?

Answer 40

The transfer of electrons

Question 41

Metallic bond?

Answer 41

is the attractions between a metal cations and a the carded electrons that surround it.

Question 42

Cation?

Answer 42

Is positively charge ion

Question 43

Anion?

Answer 43

Is negatively charged ion

Question 44

Alloy

Answer 44

is a mixture of 2 or more elements in which one is a metal

Question 45

What type of charge will an atom have if it loses electrons?

Answer 45

positive

Question 46

What type of charge will an atom have if it gains electrons?

Answer 46

negative

Question 47

How many electrons does a chemical bond represent?

Answer 47

2

Question 48

Describes the properties of an ionic compound.

Answer 48

- cation + anion - metal +nonmetal - contains an ionic compound

Question 49

Describes the properties of a covalent bond.

Answer 49

only metals | a chemical bond

Question 50

Chemical reactions describe chemical changes. What is a chemical change?

Answer 50

A change in the chemical composition

Question 51

Identify three forms of evidence that a chemical reaction has taken place.

Answer 51

A change in color, formation of precipitation and bubbles

Question 52

What happened to atoms and molecules during a chemical reaction?

Answer 52

change of composition

Question 53

Define the terms chemical symbol and chemical formula.

Answer 53

Symbol: representation of elements formula: representation of compounds

Question 54

What is a subscript?

Answer 54

the small number in a chemical formula that indicates the number of atoms of each elect

Question 55

What is a reactant?

Answer 55

The substances that undergo change

Question 56

What is a product?

Answer 56

the new substance formed as a result of that change

Question 57

Exothermic?

Answer 57

A chemical reactions that releases energy into surroundings

Question 58

Endothermic?

Answer 58

A chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings

Question 59

Activation Energy?

Answer 59

The amount of energy needed to start a reaction

Question 60

Define concentration?

Answer 60

It refers to the numbers of particles in a given volume

Question 61

Catalyst?

Answer 61

Is a substance that affects the reaction rate without being sed up in the reaction

Question 62

Inhibitor?

Answer 62

A substance that doesn't react, but causes the reaction to go slower

Question 63

How might increasing the concentration of one reactant all the reactions to happen faster?

Answer 63

Their are more particles available know, which causes more collisions and the reaction rate to increase

Question 64

After combining the reactants in a beaker, a student stirred the contents. How would stirring the content make the reaction go quicker?

Answer 64

By stirring it causes the particle to be forced into colliding cuisine the reactant rate to increase