Exam Review Flashcards
(56 cards)
Define Radioisotope
Unstable isotopes that undergo radioactive decay resulting in the production of ionizing radiation
Define half life
The time it takes for half the nuclei in a radioactive sample to decay
List two benefits of radioisotopes
Used in medicine
Tracers for diagnostic purposes
Alpha decay emits what
4He
2
In Beta decay what is emitted
0e
-1
An electron located in the outermost shell is called what
Valence electrons
Net positive charge experienced by valence electrons is called what
Effective nuclear charge
Define electron affinity
The smaller the atom, the greater or smaller quantity of energy released?
Amount of energy released when an atoms gains an electron
Greater
___ is the measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond
Electronegativity
Define ionization
Amount of energy required to remove an electron
Atomic radius is
Measure of the size of its atoms
___ is the permanent transfer of one or more valence electrons
Ionic bond
And ionic bond is nommetal and what
Metal
A covalent bond is nonmetal and what
Nonmetal
Do covalent bonds transfer electrons or share electrons?
Share
___ is unequal sharing where the electron goes to the more electronegative element
Polar covalent bond
___ is forces of attraction between opposite ends of a polar molecule
Dipole-dipole
____ exist between polar and nonpolar that results when the electrons into a adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles
London dispersion
___ is a strong dipole force between H-O, H-F, or H-N
Hydrogen bonding
What is a dipole
A pair of equal and oppositely charged poles separated by a distance
List 5 ways to know a chemical reaction has occurred
Colour change Oudour Change in state Release of energy Irreversible
Acid = ____ + ____ + ____
Nonmetal
O2
H2O
Base = ___ + ___ + ___
Metal
O2
H2O
Polar substances dissolve in what
Polar substances
