Exam Revision Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is Fruit?
Fruit is the edible part of a plant that contains a seed of a flower
What is Pectin? What does it do?
Pectin is found in the cell walls of fruit, it is released when cooking and reacts with sugar to form a gel like substance
What are the main Fruit Families?
- Pome Fruits
- Citrus Fruits
- Berries
- Vine Fruits
- Stone Fruits
- Melons
- Tropical Fruit
What are the Functional Properties of fruit?
Colour: It brings a vibrant colour and a visual contrast to a dish
Gelling Properties: Fruits that have Pectin can be used to create jams and preserves
Filling: They add bulk to fill thing such as pies
Flavour: Fruit is used to add sweetness to dishes and juices, the sweetness can even replace sugar
What are the main Nutrients found in Fruit?
Fruit is a good source of carbohydrate and also provides large amounts of Vitamin A & C, from the high amount of natural sugar it gives humans energy
What is Enzymatic Browning?
Enzymatic Browning is when the fruit is peeled or cut and exposed to oxygen turning the fruit brown.
What are the key groups of Vegetables?
- Bulbs
- Flower Vegetables
- Fungi
- Leaf Vegetables
- Root Vegetables
- Seeds and Pods
- Shoots and Sprouts
- Stem Vegetables
- Tubers
What is a Bulb Vegetable?
They are things such as Onions, shallots, garlic and spring onions
What is a Flower Vegetable?
Is when the flower or blossom of a plant is edible,such as cauliflower, broccoli and artichoke
What are Fungi?
Are organisms that live on the remains of other organisms, including mushrooms and truffles
What is a Leaf Vegetable?
They are things such as Cabbages, Asian greens, lettuces and spinach
What are Root Vegetables?
Root Vegetables come from the root of a plant such as, beetroot, carrots, parsnip and turnips
What are Seeds and Pods?
They are things such as beans, green peas, snow peas and sweetcorn
What are Shoots and Sprouts?
Are produced by legumes and seeds and are things such as bamboo or bean shoots
What are Stem Vegetables?
They are the fibrous stem of the vegetable, they include celery and asparagus
What are Tubers?
They are the swollen tip of an underground stem and include sweet potatoes and yams
What are the main Nutrients found in Vegetables?
Vegetables provide a valuable source of dietary fibre, and many vitamins such as A and C, they are also a vital part of our diet as they are between 70% and 95% water
What are the Functional Properties of Vegetables?
Volume:They provide volume to the end product of a dish, when its used as a main ingredient
Thickening: In soups or casseroles when the starch in vegetables absorbs the stock and thickens the mixture
Colour: Vegetables provide appealing colour
What are Nuts?
Nuts are the edible kernel of dried fruits from trees and plants. They can be enclosed in hard or a brittle shell
What is a Legume?
Legumes are pod bearing plants that include chickpeas, lentils, soya beans and peanuts
What are Seeds?
Seeds are nuts that grow like seeds inside a large woody pod or cone, like Brazil or pine nuts
What are the 3 types of Nuts?
- Tree Nuts
- Ground Nuts
- Seeds
What are the main Nutrients found in Nuts?
Nuts are a good source of protein and fat and are also rich in Vitamins B and E
What are the Functional Properties of Nuts?
High Fat Content: Due to high fat content they brown easily when toasted. Also because of their high fat content they can be used to produce oil e.g. Peanut oil
Texture: Nuts can be prepared in many different way so they give a different mouth feel
