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Biomechanics LTU > EXAM REVISION > Flashcards

EXAM REVISION Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

What is Kinesiology?

A

Study of movement

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2
Q

What is Kinematics?

A

Describing Movement

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3
Q

What is Kinetics?

A

What causes the movement

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4
Q

What are 5 terms of kinematics?

A

Distance, displacement, time, speed, velocity, acceleration, centre of mass, centre of gravity, co-ordination

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5
Q

What are 4 terms of kinetics?

A

Force, impulse, intertia, momentum

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6
Q

How manyy bones are in the axial skeleton?

A

80

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7
Q

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

A

126

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8
Q

The sagittal plane splits the body into…

A

medial and lateral

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9
Q

The frontal plane splits the body into…

A

anterior and posterior

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10
Q

The transverse plane splits the body into

A

Superior and inferior

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11
Q

The sagittal axis passes through the body…

A

Anterior to posterior

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12
Q

The vertical axis passes through the body…

A

superior to inferior

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13
Q

What is the equation for force and what is it measured in?

A

Mass x Acceleration & Newtons (N)

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14
Q

How many Newtons in a Kg?

A

9.81N

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15
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

A quantity that has magnitude not direction

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16
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

A quantity that has both direction and magnitude

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17
Q

Give 5 examples of a vector quantity.

A

Displacement, velocity, acceleration, momentum and force

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18
Q

Give 4 examples of a scalar quantity.

A

Distance, speed, temperature and mass

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19
Q

What is a colinear force?

A

A force that is acting in the same direction

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20
Q

What is a concurrent force?

A

A force that is acting on the same point but not the same line

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21
Q

What is a summation of forces?

A

Total amount of force generated by all body segments

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22
Q

What is a simultaneous force?

A

Body parts all move at once

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23
Q

What is sequential force?

A

Body parts move one after another

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24
Q

What is the equation for pressure and what is it measured in?

A 
Pressure = Force / Area
Units = Pascals (PA) or (N/m2)
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25
Name all the types of friction.
Static, sliding and rolling
26
How do you work the coefficient of friction out?
Force of friction (F fr) x Reaction force (R)
27
What is the equation for power and what is it measured in?
``` Power = Force (F) x Velocity Units = Watts (W) / Joules (J) ```
28
What is the equation for mechanical work?
Force (F) x Distance (M)
29
What is mechanical work?
Force applied over a certain distance
30
What is positive work and what does it do to a body?
Its where the force and the distance is in the same direction It speeds bodies up
31
What is negative work and what does it do to a body?
Its where the force and distance is in the opposite direction It slows bodies down
32
What is energy?
The capacity to do work
33
Name the 3 types of energy.
Kinetic, potential, elastic
34
How do you work out kinetic energy and what is it measured in?
1/2 Mass (M) x Velocity sqaured | Units - joules (J)
35
How do you work out potential energy?
Mass (M) X gravity (G) X height (H) | Units - joules (J)
36
What is linear motion?
Points moving same distance, direction and time
37
What is rectilinear motion?
Points moving in a straight line
38
What is curved linear motion?
Points moving in a curved line
39
What is angular motion?
Point moving around an axis
40
Name the two linear motion terms.
Distance and displacement
41
What is distance?
Path taken from start position to finish position
42
What is displacement?
Shortest straight line between 2 points
43
What is the equation for speed and what is it measured in?
``` Speed = Distance (m) / Time (S) Units = metres per second (M/S) ```
44
What is the equation velocity and what is it measured in?
``` Velocity = Displacement (M) / Time (S) Units = metres per second (M/S) ```
45
What is the equation for acceleration and what is it measured in?
Acceleration = Final velocity - Initial velocity / Time | Units - Metres per second per second (M/S/S)
46
If a runner entered the last 10m of a 100m race at a velocity of 4.5m/s/s and finished in at a velocity of 8.3m/s/s and completed the 10m in 1.2s, what was their acceleration?
3.16 m/s/s
47
What is acceleration of gravity?
-9.81 m/s/s
48
T/F The law of inertia is Newton's 1st law?
True
49
What is the name of Newton's 2nd law?
Law of acceleration
50
T/F The law of equal and opposite reactions is Newton's 3rd Law
True
51
What is the equation for momentum and what is it measured in?
``` Momentum = Mass (M) x Velocity Units = Kilogram - metres per second (Kg - m/s) ```
52
How do you convert Newtons into kilograms?
N / 9.81
53
What is the equation for impulse and what is it's units?
Force (F) x Time (S) | Units = Newtons per second (Ns)
54
What is the centre of mass?
Point around the body which all mass is equally distributed in all directions
55
What is the centre of gravity?
Point around the body which all weight is equally distributed in all directions
56
What percentage of the height is the COG/COM normally at?
50-60%
57
What is stability?
Resistance to outside forces
58
Balance is...
Ability to controls one's COG over a base of support
59
What is the base of support?
The area enclosed by the outer most edges of the body contacted with the floor
60
What is the equation for torque and what is it measured in?
``` Torque = Force (F) x Distance (M) Units = Newton meter (N.m) ```
61
What is the resistance arm and the effort arm?
Resistance arm - distance from the resistance to the fulcrum | Effort arm - distance from the fulcrum to the effort
62
What is mechanical advantage?
Where the effort arm is longer than the resistance arm
63
What is mechanical disadvantage?
Where the resistance arm is longer than the effort arm

Biomechanics LTU (1 decks)

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