Exam Revision Questions Flashcards
1
Q
The SI unit of power is the:
A
Watt
2
Q
A motor unit is:
A
an alpha motoneuron and the muscle fibres it innervates.
3
Q
One way in which the CNS controls muscle force is by adjusting:
A
the rate at which a motor neuron fires.
4
Q
- Twitch contractions are achieved at motor unit firing rates of:
A
a. < 10 Hz.
5
Q
- Henneman’s size principle relates mainly to the concept of:
A
d. motor unit recruitment.
6
Q
- For a normal human muscle, a maximum contraction involves the recruitment of:
A
d. all types of motor units.
7
Q
- An example of sensory input from skeletal muscle to the spinal cord is:
A
c. neuronal impulses from golgi tendon organs.
8
Q
- The ‘motor command’ is initiated in:
A
b. motor cortical regions.
9
Q
- Most corticospinal neurons decussate at the:
A
c. base of the medulla.
10
Q
- Maximum force of skeletal muscle is inversely proportional to
A
the velocity of muscle shortening.
11
Q
- The highest muscle force can be achieved during a maximal:
A
d. eccentric action.
12
Q
- Muscle shortening velocity is decreased in proportion to the:
A
a. muscle pennation angle.
13
Q
- Endurance is influenced by
A
exercise intensity.
14
Q
- Maximum power output during a single contraction is influenced by
A
muscle temperature.
15
Q
- A normal resting value for O2 uptake in humans lies in the range of:
A
d. 200-400 ml/min.
16
Q
- The maximum O2 uptake of a young, untrained adult lies in the range of:
A
c. 30-50 ml/min/kg body mass.
17
Q
- Calculation of O2 uptake using the Fick equation requires the measurement of:
A
c. arterial [O2], venous [O2] and blood flow.
18
Q
- From a haemodynamic perspective, arterial blood flow can be decreased by:
A
a. increasing venous pressure.
19
Q
- Which one of the following variables changes the least during maximum graded exercise:
A
b. diastolic blood pressure.
20
Q
- You measure X’s cardiac output during exercise and conclude that it has increased above its
resting value. This must mean that stroke volume has:
A
d. cannot determine from the information provided.
21
Q
- A normal value for stroke volume at V̇ O2max is approximately:
A
b. 100 ml.
22
Q
- Stroke volume is not directly affected by:
A
b. cardiac vagal activity.
23
Q
- An increase in heart rate from a normal resting value to 140 bpm is caused mainly by:
A
c. an increase in cardiac sympathetic activity and decrease in cardiac vagal activity.
24
Q
- Compared with resting values, blood flow to the skin during exercise is:
A
d. increased mainly by lowering vascular resistance in the skin.
25
25. The distribution of cardiac output during exercise:
c. is characterised by a proportionately large decrease in blood flow to abdominal organs.
26
26. Blood volume:
b. is greater in adult males than females when normalised to body mass.
27
27. A single inspiration at rest brings approx:
b. brings approximately 500 ml of air into the alveoli.
28
28. Breathing during exercise involves changes in
intrapleural pressure.
29
29. During graded exercise, the volume of the anatomic dead space:
d. does not change.
30
30. During graded exercise, the operating range of lung volume progressively:
a. increases because end-inspiratory volume increases and end-expiratory volume
31
31. The flows of O2 and CO2 between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood increase during
exercise because:
b. gas partial pressure gradients increase.
32
32. The rightward shift of the O2 dissociation curve during exercise:
c. reflects a decrease in the affinity of oxygen for haemoglobin.
33
33. Compared with resting values, exercise changes the PO2 most in the:
c. venous blood draining skeletal muscles.
34
34. Increased contraction force of the diaphragm during exercise is linked to an increase in:
b. thoracic volume.
35
35. The control of breathing during exercise involves:
d. humoral influences (e.g., blood K+
| levels) on peripheral chemoreceptors.
36
36. Which of the following defines convective heat loss/gain?
c. Exchange of heat by the motion of gas or liquid across a surface.
37
37. A maximum level of core temperature typically occurs at what time of the day for an individual
with a normal circadian rhythm?
d) 17:00-19:00
38
38. Sweating during exercise:
c) is a more effective heat loss mechanism in dry than humid air.
39
39. Which one of the following is not an adaptation to heat acclimation training?
c) Increased core temperature threshold for sweating.
40
40. Which of the following variables adapts and decays first in response to repeated heat stress and its removal?
a) Plasma volume.
41
41. At rest and across a 24-hour period, core temperature normally varies by approximately:
d. 0.5 degrees Celsius.
42
42. During exercise, most of the energy released via fuel metabolism is converted to:
b) heat.
43
43. The ergogenic effect of pre-cooling on ‘endurance’ events is mainly related to:
c. altered heat storage capacity.
44
44. Signs and symptoms of heat stress after exercise include:
a. high resting heart rate, dark urine and dizziness.
45
45. Compared with the euhydrated state, dehydration during exercise in the heat:
a. decreases skin blood flow and the rate of heat loss.
46
46. Cerebral blood flow can decrease during exercise when:
b. ventilation rises far in excess of metabolic needs (i.e. V̇ O2).
