Exam Study

Question 1

The major extracellular anion in the body is

Answer 1

Chloride

Question 2

Compared to glucose, is there far more energy stored in a fatty acid?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Lipogenesis is?

Answer 3

Synthesis of fatty acids.

Question 4

When does Ketogenesis occur?

Answer 4

Ketone bodies are produced in the liver during carbohydrate scarcity

Question 5

High concentration of Ketones in the blood can result in?

Answer 5

Acidosis of the blood

Question 6

Gluconeogenesis is?

Answer 6

Synthesis of glucose from a non-carbohydrate source

Question 7

Break down of amino acid begins with?

Answer 7

The removal of its amino group

Question 8

What happens to proteins at the end of their life span?

Answer 8

They are broken down to amino acids to produce new proteins.

Question 9

Ubiquitin?

Answer 9

Proteins that are damaged or abnormal are tagged with this.

Question 10

Alcohol is metabolised in:

Answer 10

The liver

Question 11

Which metabolic pathway produces 28ATP from 1 glucose molecule?

Answer 11

Electron Transport Chain

Question 12

Purpose of microvilli?

Answer 12

To increase surface area of small intestine and increase absorption

Question 13

Passive Transport?

Answer 13

Down/ With the gradient

Question 14

During osmosis water will move?

Answer 14

From low concentration to high concentration. From hypotonic to hypertonic

Question 15

What is the role of insulin?

Answer 15

When blood sugar is high Insulin is released and binds to insulin receptors. This allows the glucose to enter the muscle and adipose tissue.

Question 16

What is the role of Glucagon?

Answer 16

It is secreted when blood sugar levels are low. It binds to the receptors which cause the breakdown of glycogen to glucose. This is then released into circulation to raise blood sugar levels.

Question 17

Osteoblasts?

Answer 17

Buildbone

Question 18

Function of the glycemic response?

Answer 18

to remove excess glucose from the blood

Question 19

Type 1 diabetes is the result of?

Answer 19

not enough insulin being released

Question 20

Glycogenesis is?

Answer 20

Glycogenesis is: the synthesis of glycogen from glucose

Question 21

Glycolysis creates:

Answer 21

ATP, NADH, Pyruvate, FADH2

Question 22

Blinding is a technique to remove?

Answer 22

: Bias

Question 23

Polysaccharide made in the human body

Answer 23

Glycogen

Question 24

Translation involves the formation of?

Answer 24

amino acids

Question 25

A diet of only carbs would prevent?

Answer 25

: Kwashiorkor

Question 26

Describing a fatty acid as either saturated or unsaturated focuses on which criteria?

Answer 26

Presence or absence of double bonds

Question 27

Vitamins D’s main function is:

Answer 27

regulating blood calcium levels.

Question 28

Osteomalacia:

Answer 28

Decreased mineral content in bone

Question 29

Phosphorus does not affect calcium absorption

Answer 29

True

Question 30

The major intracellular cation in the body is

Answer 30

: potassium

Question 31

major extracellular cation in the body is

Answer 31

: sodium

Question 32

What is required for the proper absorption of b12?

Answer 32

Intrinsic factor

Question 33

Primary form of vitamin E in the body is

Answer 33

: alpha tocopherol

Question 34

Compounds that interfere with thyroid hormones?

Answer 34

Goitrogens

Question 35

Beriberi is caused by:

Answer 35

deficient thamin (B1)

Question 36

Vitamin C may be associated with each of the following EXCEPT

Answer 36

: liver toxicity

Question 37

TRUE or FALSE: Insulin can only be released in response to the ingestion of simple carbohydrates

Answer 37

False