exam study

Question 1

what is social perception

Answer 1

how people come to understand one another

Question 2

are appearance judgements quick or slow

Answer 2

quick

Question 3

what is attribution theory

Answer 3

how people explain causes of their behaviour

Question 4

what are the 3 aspects of Kellys covariation theory

Answer 4

consensus, distinctiveness, consistency

Question 5

when do personal attributions occur

Answer 5

when someone is high on consistency and low on consensus and distinctiveness

Question 6

when do situational attributions occur

Answer 6

when someone is high on consensus, consistency and distinctiveness

Question 7

when does the fundamental attribution error occur

Answer 7

when we underestimate personal factors and over estimate situational factors

Question 8

are western or collectivist cultures more likely to focus on personal factors

Answer 8

western

Question 9

what is an example of counterfactual thinking

Answer 9

the if only effect

Question 10

what is the self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 10

expectations = behaviour

Question 11

what are the 3 kinds of social influence

Answer 11

conformity, compliance, obedience

Question 12

what is social influence

Answer 12

how people influence each other

Question 13

in aschs conformity research what percentage did people conform

Answer 13

37%

Question 14

what is information conformity

Answer 14

believe others are correct

Question 15

what is normative conformity

Answer 15

when deviation results in negative consequences

Question 16

what is private conformity

Answer 16

when people accepts the opinion of others

Question 17

what is public conformity

Answer 17

when you change your behaviour due to group pressure

Question 18

what are the 6 factors that effect conformity

Answer 18

group size, group unanimity, culture, gender, individual differences, age differences

Question 19

what is consensus

Answer 19

when people change their behaviour at the request of others

Question 20

what are 5 techniques to increase compliance

Answer 20

free gifting tech, door in the face tech, foot in the door tech, lowballing tech, that’s not all tech

Question 21

what is an example of compliance

Answer 21

milligrams experiments

Question 22

what are subjective norms

Answer 22

beliefs about the people around them and their behaviours

Question 23

what is perceived behaviour control

Answer 23

ease with which people believe they could engage with a certain behaviour

Question 24

what is the cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 24

when thoughts and behaviours don’t coincide

Question 25

what are the two routes of persuasion

Answer 25

central (systematic)=content or peripheral (heuristic)=cues

Question 26

what influences persuasive communication

Answer 26

message, source and audience

Question 27

what is attentional bias

Answer 27

when people pay specific attention to informations that confirms their own theory

Question 28

what is the definition of a group

Answer 28

3 or more people that interact and influence each other

Question 29

social facilitation

Answer 29

how the presence of others influences our actions eg attractive women on a high bridge vs a low bridge

Question 30

zanjocs theory says that arousal can either

Answer 30

enhance or impair performance

Question 31

what is social loafing

Answer 31

when people put in less effort when they think their individual performance cannot be measured

Question 32

what is deindividuation

Answer 32

when people loose their sense of individuality resulting in a loosing sense of behaviour eg diener et al study on halloween candy

Question 33

what can lead to anti social acts

Answer 33

deindividuation

Question 34

what does SIDE stand for

Answer 34

social identity theory of deindividuation effects

Question 35

what is group think

Answer 35

excessive pressure for consensus among group members

Question 36

what are 3 factors that determine attraction

Answer 36

proximity, similarity, physical attractiveness

Question 37

what is the mere exposure effect

Answer 37

the more often you are exposed to a stimulus the more positivey you feel about it

Question 38

true or false: opposites attract

Answer 38

false

Question 39

what is the halo effect

Answer 39

that attractive people posses a number of other desirable traits

Question 40

what is secure attachment

Answer 40

comfortable with intimacy and autonomy

Question 41

what is anxious-preoccupied attachment

Answer 41

dependancy and clinginess

Question 42

what is dismissing avoidant attachment

Answer 42

dismissing of intimacy

Question 43

what is fearful-aviodant attachment

Answer 43

desire closeness but feel unworthy

Question 44

what are the 3 prime variables of love

Answer 44

passion, intimacy, and commitment

Question 45

what is the social responsibility norm

Answer 45

people should help those who need assistance

Question 46

what is altruism

Answer 46

helping to improve others welfare

Question 47

what is egoism

Answer 47

helping to improve own welfare

Question 48

what is the bystander effect

Answer 48

the presence of others inhibits helping

Question 49

why do some people resist help

Answer 49

norm of reciprocity = minor assistance feels less demanding