Exam Study Guide

Question 1

Disease Incidence Rate

Answer 1

Number of new cases in a population over time.

Question 2

Disease Prevalence Rate

Answer 2

Total number of existing cases in a population.

Question 3

Morbidity Rate

Answer 3

Frequency of a disease in a population.

Question 4

Mortality Rate

Answer 4

Death rate due to a disease.

Question 5

Case Fatality Rate

Answer 5

Proportion of deaths among diagnosed cases.

Question 6

Case Surveillance

Answer 6

Monitoring disease occurrence and spread.

Question 7

CDC

Answer 7

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Tracks diseases and advises on public health.

Question 8

HHS

Answer 8

Department of Health and Human Services - Oversees health policy.

Question 9

FDA

Answer 9

Food and Drug Administration - Regulates drugs

Question 10

NIH

Answer 10

National Institutes of Health - Funds and conducts medical research.

Question 11

WHO

Answer 11

World Health Organization - Coordinates international public health.

Question 12

Submucosa

Answer 12

Inner layer of the alimentary canal containing nerves and blood vessels.

Question 13

Muscularis

Answer 13

Middle layer of muscles for peristalsis.

Question 14

Serosa

Answer 14

Outer protective layer of the GI tract.

Question 15

Mastication

Answer 15

Chewing food.

Question 16

Parotid Gland

Answer 16

Salivary gland near the ear.

Question 17

Sublingual Gland

Answer 17

Salivary gland under the tongue.

Question 18

Submandibular Gland

Answer 18

Salivary gland under the jaw.

Question 19

Pharynx

Answer 19

Connects the mouth to the esophagus.

Question 20

Esophagus

Answer 20

Tube carrying food from pharynx to stomach.

Question 21

Stomach

Answer 21

Organ that digests food; contains rugae (folds).

Question 22

Pancreas

Answer 22

Produces digestive enzymes and insulin.

Question 23

Liver

Answer 23

Produces bile

Question 24

Duodenum

Answer 24

First part of the small intestine.

Question 25

Jejunum

Answer 25

Middle part of the small intestine.

Question 26

Ileum

Answer 26

Final part of the small intestine.

Question 27

Cecum

Answer 27

Beginning of the large intestine.

Question 28

Ascending Colon

Answer 28

First part of the large intestine going upward.

Question 29

Transverse Colon

Answer 29

Middle section of the colon going across.

Question 30

Descending Colon

Answer 30

Part of the colon going downward.

Question 31

Sigmoid Colon

Answer 31

S-shaped part of the colon leading to rectum.

Question 32

Rectum

Answer 32

Stores feces before elimination.

Question 33

Gallbladder

Answer 33

Stores and releases bile.

Question 34

OSHA

Answer 34

Occupational Safety and Health Administration - ensures workplace safety.

Question 35

Antisepsis

Answer 35

Reducing microorganisms on skin.

Question 36

Disinfection

Answer 36

Eliminates pathogens on surfaces.

Question 37

Sterilization

Answer 37

Destroys all forms of microbial life.

Question 38

Hemostasis

Answer 38

Process of stopping bleeding.

Question 39

Phlebotomy

Answer 39

Drawing blood from a vein.

Question 40

Rhinoplasty

Answer 40

Surgical repair of the nose.

Question 41

Nephrectomy

Answer 41

Surgical removal of a kidney.

Question 42

Angiogram

Answer 42

Imaging test for blood vessels.

Question 43

Otoscope

Answer 43

Instrument used to examine the ears.

Question 44

Receptor Binding

Answer 44

Drug binds to a cell receptor to initiate effect.

Question 45

Enzyme Inhibition

Answer 45

Drug blocks enzyme activity.

Question 46

Ion Channel Modulation

Answer 46

Drug affects ion flow in cells.

Question 47

ALS

Answer 47

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - motor neuron disease.

Question 48

Alzheimer’s

Answer 48

Degenerative brain disease causing memory loss.

Question 49

Huntington’s

Answer 49

Genetic disorder affecting brain function.

Question 50

Parkinson’s

Answer 50

Movement disorder caused by dopamine loss.

Question 51

Stroke

Answer 51

Disrupted blood supply to brain.

Question 52

Hyperglycemia

Answer 52

High blood sugar.

Question 53

Hypotension

Answer 53

Low blood pressure.

Question 54

Lipoma

Answer 54

Benign fatty tumor.

Question 55

Hepatomegaly

Answer 55

Enlarged liver.

Question 56

Osteoporosis

Answer 56

Condition of weakened bones.

Question 57

Neuropathy

Answer 57

Nerve damage causing pain or numbness.

Question 58

Pharyngitis

Answer 58

Inflammation of the throat.

Question 59

Odontalgia

Answer 59

Tooth pain.

Question 60

Bronchospasm

Answer 60

Sudden tightening of airway muscles.

Question 61

Shock

Answer 61

Life-threatening drop in blood flow.