Exam Two Flashcards
(19 cards)
creates a bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone of neighboring nucleotides
DNA Ligase
unwinds the DNA and separates the base pairs
helicase
adds nucleotides to a growing chain of nucleotides
DNA polymearse
holds the code for building a protein
mRNA
contains an anti-codon and pairs with a specific amino acid
tRNA
works within the ribosomal complex
rRNA
the growing amino acid chain is transferred to the new amino acid creating a growing protein
p site
the tRNA which no longer has an amino acid exits from the ribosome
e site
a tRNA with an amino acid enters and base pairs with codon on the mRNA
a site
uses a nucleotide code to build a protein
translation
creates two identical copies of DNA
replication
creation of a temporary nucleotide code from the master code for a specific purpose (like making a protein later)
transcription
codon
a sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.
exon
a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule containing information coding for a protein or peptide sequence.
intron
a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule which does not code for proteins and interrupts the sequence of genes.
promoter
is a region of DNA upstream of a gene where relevant proteins (such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors) bind to initiate transcription of that gene
splicing
The process by which introns are removed from RNA to produce mature messenger RNA that contains only exons.
alternative splicing
Alternative splicing seems to occur in many proteins and by alternative exon usage a set of related proteins can be generated from one gene, often in a tissue or developmental stage specific manner.
anti codon
pairs with a codon insuring that the codon pairs with the right amino acid
