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PSY 311 > Exam Two > Flashcards

Exam Two Flashcards

1
Q

Two assertions for this section of the course

A

the who i am question we see to avoid answering by being in a relationship are the questions we answer bc we are in a relationship

the who i am question is threatening and so tend to focus on the other member of the dyad by asking who are they and why do they act that way

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2
Q

4 themes for the section of the course

A 
interdependent tension (response interference) is a human universal
interdependent tension (unresolved) is an opportunity to clarify the relationship
Managed interdependent tension forces us to examine and clarify the sources of response interference
unmanaged interdependent tension can cause us to seek simple answers
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3
Q

what does it mean for interdependent tension to be universal

A

it exists across time

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4
Q

what causes us to face the “who am i” question

A

interdependent tension

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5
Q

what is the takeaway from the movie Castaway

A

we are social by nature

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6
Q

Baumeister and Leary

A

we have a need for belonging

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7
Q

what does the need of belonging require of us

A

that we have a few people with whom we have frequent and mostly positive interactions

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8
Q

what must we believe in order to feel like we belong

A

that one or more of our interaction partners will be in contact with us overtime with real emotional concern for us

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9
Q

what is critical to our social interactions

A

self definition

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10
Q

what about self definition makes relationships more difficult to manage

A

confronting our true self is hard for us

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11
Q

to have any chance of developing a healthy relationship

A

we must develop an authentic self knowledge

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12
Q

authentic self knowledge means

A

we are honest with ourselves about our strengths and limitations

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13
Q

what does authentic self knowledge require with our partners

A

to be honest with them and reveal our true strengths and weaknesses
to be vulnerable to sharp teeth

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14
Q

how is a relationship like being in a dance

A

coordinated and linked behavior

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15
Q

what to do first and second in a relationship

A

learn and ackowledge your own tendencies

learn the other persons tendencies

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16
Q

to be in a healthy relationship

A

you must know yourself first

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17
Q

what pushes us towards authentic self knowledge

A

interdependent tension

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18
Q

what is critical to the success of our social interactions

A

self definition

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19
Q

three things in understanding the role of the self in social interaction

A

social psychologists have tried to determine what are the most useful ways about thinking about the self
we tried to study how knowledge of the self develops
we tried to determine what situations and circumstances the self influences behavior

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20
Q

Useful ways of thinking about the self

A 
self concept
self esteem
self schemata
self presentation
possible selves
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21
Q

self esteem

A

you know what it is about you but do you like it

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22
Q

self presentation

A

strategies for presenting ourselves in our social interactions

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23
Q

possible selves

A

who will i be?

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24
Q

how does knowledge of the self develop

A

through social interactions

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25
Q

reflected appraisals

A

we see ourselves reflected in the way people react to us and the things we do

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26
Q

how do we get to know who we truly are

A

in healthy relationships

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27
Q

why do healthy relationships teach us who we are

A

it is only in encountering response interferences that we are forced to look beyond our ideal self to our real self

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28
Q

unrealistic sense of self

A

someone making you feel you have someone wrong

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29
Q

two general ways of thinking about the self that is useful

A

the self as the knower

the self as the known

30
Q

the self as the knower

A

the I
the process of actively experiencing a moment or event
also gives us a sense of continuity of experience overtime

31
Q

the self as known

A

the me

the self we experience when we become the object of our own observation

32
Q

Epstein says

A

the self is a theory that the individual has unwillingly constructed about themselves

33
Q

why do we pay attention to self esteen

A

it is an internal psychological monitor of something that is important to us

34
Q

being social equals

A

belongingness

35
Q

the self esteem system

A

designed to monitor and respond to other peoples responses to us

36
Q

when do we become objectively self aware

A

when the me is activated

37
Q

the theory of objective self awareness

A

a state of consciousness where are attention is focused exclusively on the self

38
Q

what does objective self awareness cause us to see within ourselves

A

the discrepancies between our real and ideal self

39
Q

why are we forced to look outward in self awareness

A

to avoid the pain of seeing our real self

40
Q

two reasons why psychological inconsistency is important

A

cognitive economic motivation

nature of attitudes

41
Q

cognitive economic system

A

made up of cognitive processes that serve to reduce and simplify that vast info that floods pepoles lives

42
Q

the purpose of simplifying

A

to finish efficient processes and not get overwhelmed

43
Q

cognitive shortcuts

A

the self

beuristics

44
Q

nature of attitudes

A

a predisposition to evaluate some objects positively or negatively

45
Q

any attitude has three components

A

cognition
affect
conation

46
Q

cognition

A

thikning-what you know

47
Q

affect

A

feeling/emotional

48
Q

conation

A

behavioral

49
Q

conation

A

behavioral

50
Q

cognitive consistency theory

A

we are motivated to keeo the components of an attitude consistent with each other

51
Q

cognitive dissonance theory

A

we experience dissonance when we are aware that we have at least two cognitions that are inconsisten

52
Q

the greater the dissonance you experience

A

the greater the pressure to relieve it

53
Q

cognitive elements

A

these are the things a person knows or believes about the world

54
Q

cognitive

A

how cognitive elements exist in relation to each other

55
Q

inconsistency causes

A

us to engage in person perception

56
Q

person perception

A

the act of a perceiver encountering another person and forming impressions of and possible making attribution about the other person

57
Q

attributional analysis

A

how we give meaning to social instances and circumstances

58
Q

two possible ways of making attributions

A

environmental enducement

personal force

59
Q

three stages in making an attribution

A

observation of an action
judgement of intention
dispositional attribution

60
Q

what are we trying to figure out with attribution

A

the other persons dispositions

61
Q

attributional fire

A

a set of hot emotions that results when two people make negative internal dispositional attributional about each other

62
Q

in our relationships we have two goals

A

to predict how that other person will bhevae

to gauge whether that persons attitude toward the relationship matches ours

63
Q

two cognitive bias that keep us from seeing the truth in the ones we love

A

the fundamental attribution error

the actor observes difference

64
Q

the fundamental attribution error

A

the tendency to discount situational causes and emphasize dispositional causes as influences on another persons behavior

65
Q

the actor observer diference

A

the tendency to explain our own behavior as an actor in situational terms and the behavior of our partner, whom we observe in dispositional terms

66
Q

kellys covariation model

A

distinctiveness
consistency
consensus

67
Q

6 steps towards management of response interference

A

-agree on time to talk
-admit your tendencies
-listen to strengths and limitations
-be reasonable
-work toward agreeable behavioral strategies
not all dyads are supposed to last

68
Q

self schemas

A

represent peoples beliefs and feelings about themselves

69
Q

working self concept

A

the idea that only a subset of a persons vast pool of self knowledge is brought to mind in a given context

70
Q

social comparison theory

A

people seek out information about themselves through comparison with other people

71
Q

sociometer hypothesis

A

readout of our standing amongst others

72
Q

better than average effect

A

most people believe they are above average

PSY 311 (3 decks)

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