Exam4- Cancer Meds Flashcards
(23 cards)
cyclophosphamide
-treats a wide variety of cancers
patients taking cyclophosphamide often experience:
- bone marrow suppression
- severe nausea and vomiting
- alopecia
hemorrhagic cystitis pertaining to cyclophosphamide
- as it’s excreted from the body, it ends up in the bladder
- as it sits there in the urine, it can cause severe damage to the bladder’s mucosa, causing bleeding
patients need lots of fluids (at least 3L/day) to help flush out the bladder
clients taking cyclophosphamide also receive ______, which helps prevent hemorrhagic cystitis
mesna
cisplatin is derived from ______
platinum
cisplatin adverse effects
- bone marrow suppresion
- NVD
- alopecia
- *nephrotoxicity
- *ototoxicity
client teaching about cisplatin
- need to be well-hydrated
- should be monitored for hearing loss and dizziness
methotrexate dose
- often for RA (5-10mg)
- for cancer: may receive 20,000mg/dose
common form of cancer to give methotrexate
leukemia
adverse effects of methotrexate
- cytotoxic adverse effects (bone marrow suppression, NVD, alopecia)
- **nephrotoxicity (need lots of hydration)
“antidote” for methotrexate
leucovorin
doxorubicin
- bright red color
- rubor=”red”
strange side effect of doxorubicin
turn urine and sweat red (harmless effect) but can stain clothing
high yield concept about doxorubicin
it is cardiotoxic
-think: doxorubicin is red= heart is red
clients taking doxorubicin also receive _______, which can help protect the heart
dexrazoxane
vincristine come from:
periwinkle flower
vincristine does not cause:
bone marrow suppression
vincristine high yield concept:
does not cause bone marrow suppression
- -> damage to sensory neurons causes neuropathy
- ->damage to motor neurons causes decreased reflexes and weakness
- ->damage to autonomic neurons causes constipation and urinary hesitance
tamoxifen mechanism
- many breast cancers have estrogen receptors
- when these receptors are triggered, they stimulate the cancer cells to grow and divide
- tamoxifen block these receptors, preventing their growth
tamoxifen doesnt cause any _____
cytotoxic adverse effects (bone marrow suppression, NVD, alopecia)
high yield concept about tamofixen
causes hot flashes
leuprolide mechanism
- prostate cancer cells need testosterone to grow and divide
- leoprolide works by decreasing the production of testosterone
- its alternative to surgical removal of the testes (castration)0
adverse effects of leuprolide
- decreased libido
- erectile dysfunction
- gynecomastia
- reduced muscle mass
- can also cause hot flashes
