Examining the skin Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are xanthomas a sign of?
Hyperlipidaemia
What are cafe au lait macules a sign of?
Neurofibromatosis
What is acanthosis nigricans a sign of?
Insulin resistance (T2 diabetes, Cushing’s, PCOS)
What are Gottron’s papules a sign of?
Dermatomyositis
What is onycholysis?
Painless nail detachment
What is paronychia?
Nail infection
What is clubbing a sign of?
Bronchiectasis, lung cancer, empyema, lung abscess Bacterial endocarditis IBD, cirrhosis Thyroid cancer Familial clubbing
What is nail pitting a sign of?
Psoriasis, eczema
What is a lesion?
An area of altered skin
What is pruritis?
Itching
What is urticaria?
Aka hives - swollen red bumps
What is the difference between a macule and a patch?
Macule = small flat lesion Patch = large flat lesion
What is the difference between a papule and a nodule?
Papule = small, solid raised lesion Nodule = large, solid raised lesion with deeper component
What is a plaque?
Large scaly raised lesion
What is the difference between a vesicle and a bulla?
Vesicle = small, raised, clear fluid-filled lesion Bulla = large, raised, clear fluid-filled lesion
What is a pustule?
Small pus-filled lesion
What is the difference between an erosion and an ulcer?
Erosion = (superficial) loss of the epidermis Ulcer = (deep) complete loss of the epidermis and some of the dermis
What is scale?
Flakes of desquamated stratum corneum, silvery appearance
What is crust?
Dried exudate
What is lichenification?
Thickening of the skin
