Exams Flashcards
(134 cards)
1
Q
observations
A
bit of information gathered with the senses
2
Q
hypothesis
A
statement that can be tested
3
Q
controls
A
standard used for comparison in an expirement
4
Q
independant variable
A
single factor in an experiment that the experiment changes
5
Q
dependant variable
A
factor that will be measured in an experiment
6
Q
constants
A
factor that stays the same through all phases of an experiment
7
Q
inferences
A
conclusion drawn from an observation
8
Q
sea breeze
A
movement of air from sea to land during the day when cooler air from above the water moves over the land, forcing the heated, less dense air above the land to rise
9
Q
land breeze
A
movement of air from land to sea at night, created when cooler denser air from the land forces up warmer air over the sea
10
Q
air pressure
A
the air that is pulled down by gravity towards earth’s surface creating pressure
11
Q
doldurms
A
low pressure along the equater with lots of cloudy rainy weather
12
Q
westerlies
A
air from the west that moves to the polar regions
13
Q
coriolios effect
A
the flow of air caused by by differences in the amount of solar radition received on Earth’s surface
14
Q
atmosphere
A
layer around earth that protects earth from the suns harmful UV rays d
15
Q
low pressure
A
has cloudy weather
16
Q
high pressure
A
usually means good weather
17
Q
ozone layer
A
absorbs sun’s harmful UV rays
18
Q
tradewinds
A
air warmed near the equater and travels towards the poles
19
Q
water cycle
A
continuous cycle of water molecules on earth
20
Q
percipitation
A
water falling from clouds rain, snow, sleet, hail
21
Q
severe weather
A
weather that can be harmful
22
Q
air mass
A
large body of air with the same characteristics of temp. and moisture content as the place it formed over
23
Q
front
A
boundry between two air masses
24
Q
humidity
A
amount of water vapor in the air
25
clouds
billions of tiny water droplets form together to make a cloud
26
dew point
the temp. at which the air is saturated and condensation forms
27
weather tools
things used to measure the weather
28
meteoroligists
person who studies weather
29
isobars
lines on a weather map that connect points having equal atmospheric pressure
30
global warming
increase in the average global temp. of earth
31
greenhouse effect
heat trapping feature of the atmosphere
32
climate
average weather pattern in a area over a long period of time
33
seasons
short period of climate change
34
mitosis
nucleas of a cell splits and becomes a new cell
35
haploid
cell that has half the amount of chromosones as body cells
36
diploid
cell whose similiar chromosones occurr in pairs
37
of chromosones
46
38
forms of reproduction
asexual; sexual
39
forms of asexual reproduction
fission, budding, and regeneration
40
air pollution
soot, smoke, ash, gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides
41
acid rain
rain with PH below 5.6 occurs when air pollutants get into precipitatioin and fall to earth
42
male reproductive cell and female
male- sperm female- egg
43
artisan
skilled crafts person
44
historian
person who studies and writes about the human past
45
scribes
record keeper
46
nomad
person who regularly moves from place to place
47
caravan
group of traveling merchants and animals
48
archeologists
scientist who learns about past human life by studying fossils and artifacts
49
heridetery
passed down through generations of family
50
cataract
steep rapids formed by cliffs and boulders in a river
51
rabbi
jewish leader and teacher of the torah
52
zealots
jews that revolted against the romans
53
raja
prince who led aryan tribe in India
54
guru
religious teacher and spirtual guide in hinduism
55
suttee
when a man died the wife was expected to jump into the flames and die too
56
caste
India's social class system
57
reancarnation
rebirth of the soul or spirit in different bodies overtime
58
accupuncture
chinese practice of easing pain by sticking thin needles into patients skin
59
warlords
military leader who runs the goverment
60
sanskrit
written language developed by the Aryans
61
embalming
process developed by the ancient egyptians of preserving a persons body after death
62
mummy
body that has been embalmed and wrapped in linen
63
dynasty
line of rulers from the same family
64
epic
long poem that tells about legendary or heroic deeds
65
agora
in early greek city-states, an open area that served as both a market and a meeting place
66
prophecy
someone that is chosen to do the duties of god
67
karma
the good or bad energy a person builds up based upon whether he or she lives a good or bad life
68
mandate
formal order
69
monotheism
the beleif in one god
70
messiah
in judaism, a deliverer sent by God
71
bronze period
a period where bronze was used for a lot of things
72
gold age
period of great growth
73
simile
compares two things using like than or as
74
metaphor
comparing two things without using like or as
75
alliteration
repitition of beggining sounds in words
76
onomatopoeia
word that makes the sounds its naming
77
idiom
figure of speech that doesn't mean literally what it says
78
hyperbole
extreme exaggeration
79
imagery
use of language that gives you a mental picture of a situation
80
personification
giving human qaulities to non-human things
81
what stunned Jonas during the ceremony of Twelve?
he was skipped
82
why was losing Rosemary disastrous for the community?
because all the memories of hurt and sorrow and pain went to the people of the community
83
as a receiver of memory, Jonas was startled to learn?
that he could lie
84
what did Jonas realize when he watched the release of the twin?
that release ment death
85
how did the Giver transmit memories to Jonas?
Jonas layed on a bed and the Giver put his hands on Jonas's back
86
what are things made by humans long ago
artifacts
87
what is the old stone age called
paleolithic
88
who developed a way of making iron strong enough to use for weapons
Hittites
89
what is a long poem that tells the story of a hero
epic
90
a group of many different lands under one ruler
empire
91
chaldean king who built the hanging gardens to please his wife
Nebuchandnezzar
92
one of the oldest known cities
Jericho
93
building dams, channels, walls, and ditches to bring water to crops
irrigation
94
cradle of civilization
mesopotamia
95
sumerian building material
mud brick
96
traces of plants or animals preserved in rock
fossils
97
record keepers who often went on to become goverment officials
scribes
98
one of the oldest known cities, in present-day Turkey
catal huyuk
99
hero of an epic who travels around the world performing great deeds
gilgamesh
100
site of one of the worlds first libraries
Nineveh
101
people who study heavenly bodies
astronomers
102
first large army to use iron weapons
assyrians
103
people who regularly move from place to place
nomads
104
new stone age
Neolithic
105
grand temple with a shrine at the top, like a giant square wedding cake
ziggurat
106
mesopotamia's climate was
hot and dry
107
skilled workers who made metal products, cloth, or pottery are called
atrtisans
108
who wrote the legal code that covered most areas of daily life
hammurabi
109
people who study and write about the human past are called
historians
110
the sumerian writing system was called
cuneiform
111
the center of the chaldean empire was at
babylon
112
a mixture of copper and tin is
brass
113
times of extreme cold
ice age
114
artisans, merchants, farmers, and fishers made up this group
middle class
115
a group of traveling merchants is called a
caravan
116
who studies artifacts and fossils to help them understand the past
archeologists
117
the first kings were probably
war heros
118
taming an animal or plant for use by humans is called
domestication
119
who was the king of the akkadians who conquered all of Mesopotamia
sargon
120
what helped ideas spread around the world
trade
121
something that passes to the children when the parent dies
hereditary
122
these people built a great army to protect their lands from invasion
assyrians
123
also known as menes, he united upper and lower Egypt
Narmer
124
the natural barrier that protected Egypt to the south
cataract
125
the nile rivers floods could be described as
gentle and dependable
126
the king who drove the Hykosos out of Egypt was
Ahmose
127
what crops did the Egyptians grow
flax. wheat, and barley
128
the land around the nile river delta is known as
lower Egypt
129
what was a collection of spells and prayers studied to help obtain the afterlife
the book of the dead
130
the forced payments sent to the pharaoh by conquered peoples are called
tribute
131
the capital of kush, located on a trade route was
Napata
132
an embalmed body wrapped in cloth strips is a
mummy
133
a line of rulers that passes power from father to son is a
dynasty
134
who tried to change the egyptian religion
amenhotep
