ExamTopics Flashcards by Bryan Kruep

A user is attempting to navigate to a website from inside the company network using a desktop. When the user types in the URL, https://www.site.com, the user is presented with a certificate mismatch warning from the browser. The user does not receive a warning when visiting http://www.anothersite.com. Which of the following describes this attack?

On-path
Domain hijacking
DNS poisoning
Evil twin

DNS Poisoning

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Which of the following tools is effective in preventing a user from accessing unauthorized removable media?

USB data blocker
Faraday cage
Proximity reader
Cable lock

USB data blocker

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A Chief Security Officer is looking for a solution that can provide increased scalability and flexibility for back-end infrastructure, allowing it to be updated and modified without disruption to services. The security architect would like the solution selected to reduce the back-end server resources and has highlighted that session persistence is not important for the applications running on the back-end servers. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements?

Reverse proxy
Automated patch management
Snapshots
NIC teaming

Reverse proxy

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Which of the following describes a social engineering technique that seeks to exploit a person’s sense of urgency?

A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon
A smishing message stating a package is scheduled for pickup
A vishing call that requests a donation be made to a local charity
A SPIM notification claiming to be undercover law enforcement investigating a cybercrime

A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon

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A security analyst is reviewing application logs to determine the source of a breach and locates the following log: https://www.comptia.com/login.php?id=’%20or%20’1’1=’1
Which of the following has been observed

A. DLL Injection
B. API attack
C. SQL injection
D. XSS

SQL injection

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An audit identified PII being utilized in the development environment of a critical application. The Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) is adamant that this data must be removed; however, the developers are concerned that without real data they cannot perform functionality tests and search for specific data. Which of the following should a security professional implement to BEST satisfy both the CPO’s and the development team’s requirements?

Data anonymization
Data encryption
Data masking
Data tokenization

Data anonymization

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A company is implementing a DLP solution on the file server. The file server has PII, financial information, and health information stored on it. Depending on what type of data that is hosted on the file server, the company wants different DLP rules assigned to the data. Which of the following should the company do to help accomplish this goal?

Classify the data.
Mask the data.
Assign the application owner.
Perform a risk analysis.

Classify the data

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A forensics investigator is examining a number of unauthorized payments that were reported on the company’s website. Some unusual log entries show users received an email for an unwanted mailing list and clicked on a link to attempt to unsubscribe. One of the users reported the email to the phishing team, and the forwarded email revealed the link to be:
<a>Click here to unsubscribe</a>
Which of the following will the forensics investigator MOST likely determine has occurred?

SQL injection
Broken authentication
XSS
XSRF

XSRF

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A report delivered to the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) shows that some user credentials could be exfiltrated. The report also indicates that users tend to choose the same credentials on different systems and applications. Which of the following policies should the CISO use to prevent someone from using the exfiltrated credentials?

MFA
Lockout
Time-based logins
Password history

MFA

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A company wants to simplify the certificate management process. The company has a single domain with several dozen subdomains, all of which are publicly accessible on the internet. Which of the following BEST describes the type of certificate the company should implement?

Subject alternative name
Wildcard
Self-signed
Domain validation

Wildcard

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Which of the following is an effective tool to stop or prevent the exfiltration of data from a network?

DLP
NIDS
TPM
FDE

DLP

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Several attempts have been made to pick the door lock of a secure facility. As a result, the security engineer has been assigned to implement a stronger preventative access control. Which of the following would BEST complete the engineer’s assignment?

Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key
Installing and monitoring a camera facing the door
Setting motion-sensing lights to illuminate the door on activity
Surrounding the property with fencing and gates

Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key

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Which of the following can be used by a monitoring tool to compare values and detect password leaks without providing the actual credentials?

Hashing
Tokenization
Masking
Encryption

Hashing

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A security engineer is building a file transfer solution to send files to a business partner. The users would like to drop off the files in a specific directory and have the server send the file to the business partner. The connection to the business partner is over the internet and needs to be secure. Which of the following can be used?

S/MIME
LDAPS
SSH
SRTP

SSH

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An administrator needs to protect user passwords and has been advised to hash the passwords. Which of the following BEST describes what the administrator is being advised to do?

Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings.
Add extra data to the passwords so their length is increased, making them harder to brute force.
Store all passwords in the system in a rainbow table that has a centralized location.
Enforce the use of one-time passwords that are changed for every login session.

Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings

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Which of the following would be indicative of a hidden audio file found inside of a piece of source code?

Steganography
Homomorphic encryption
Cipher suite
Blockchain

Steganography

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A user enters a username and a password at the login screen for a web portal. A few seconds later the following message appears on the screen:
Please use a combination of numbers, special characters, and letters in the password field.
Which of the following concepts does this message describe?

Password complexity
Password reuse
Password history
Password age

Password complexity

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A company recently experienced an inside attack using a corporate machine that resulted in data compromise. Analysis indicated an unauthorized change to the software circumvented technological protection measures. The analyst was tasked with determining the best method to ensure the integrity of the systems remains intact and local and remote boot attestation can take place. Which of the following would provide the BEST solution?

HIPS
FIM
TPM
DLP

TPM

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Which of the following is a reason to publish files’ hashes?

To validate the integrity of the files
To verify if the software was digitally signed
To use the hash as a software activation key
To use the hash as a decryption passphrase

To validate the integrity of the files

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A security manager has tasked the security operations center with locating all web servers that respond to an unsecure protocol. Which of the following commands could an analyst run to find the requested servers?

nslookup 10.10.10.0
nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24
pathping 10.10.10.0 -p 80
ne -l -p 80

nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24

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Which biometric error would allow an unauthorized user to access a system?

False acceptance
False entrance
False rejection
False denial

False acceptance

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A company is auditing the manner in which its European customers’ personal information is handled. Which of the following should the company consult?

GDPR
ISO
NIST
PCI DSS

GDPR

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Which of the following are common VoIP-associated vulnerabilities? (Choose two.)

SPIM
Vishing
Hopping
Phishing
Credential harvesting Most Voted
Tailgating

SPIM
Vishing

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Which of the following describes the exploitation of an interactive process to gain access to restricted areas?

Persistence
Buffer overflow
Privilege escalation
Pharming

Privilege escalation

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An organization is planning to open other data centers to sustain operations in the event of a natural disaster. Which of the following considerations would BEST support the organization's resiliency? Geographic dispersal Generator power Fire suppression D. Facility automation

Geographic dispersal

A security engineer is deploying a new wireless network for a company. The company shares office space with multiple tenants. Which of the following should the engineer configure on the wireless network to ensure that confidential data is not exposed to unauthorized users? EAP TLS HTTPS AES

EAP

The Chief Compliance Officer from a bank has approved a background check policy for all new hires. Which of the following is the policy MOST likely protecting against? Preventing any current employees' siblings from working at the bank to prevent nepotism Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance Filtering applicants who have added false information to resumes so they appear better qualified Ensuring no new hires have worked at other banks that may be trying to steal customer information

Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance

An engineer recently deployed a group of 100 web servers in a cloud environment. Per the security policy, all web-server ports except 443 should be disabled. Which of the following can be used to accomplish this task? Application allow list SWG Host-based firewall VPN

Host-based firewall

A technician was dispatched to complete repairs on a server in a data center. While locating the server, the technician entered a restricted area without authorization. Which of the following security controls would BEST prevent this in the future? Use appropriate signage to mark all areas. Utilize cameras monitored by guards. Implement access control vestibules. Enforce escorts to monitor all visitors.

Enforce escorts to monitor all visitors.

Which of the following would BEST provide a systems administrator with the ability to more efficiently identify systems and manage permissions and policies based on location, role, and service level? Standard naming conventions Domain services Baseline configurations Diagrams

Domain services

Which of the following would detect intrusions at the perimeter of an airport? Signage Fencing Motion sensors Lighting Bollards

Motion sensors

A security analyst is concerned about critical vulnerabilities that have been detected on some applications running inside containers. Which of the following is the BEST remediation strategy? Update the base container Image and redeploy the environment. Include the containers in the regular patching schedule for servers. Patch each running container individually and test the application. Update the host in which the containers are running.

Update the base container Image and redeploy the environment.

An organization has decided to purchase an insurance policy because a risk assessment determined that the cost to remediate the risk is greater than the five- year cost of the insurance policy. The organization is enabling risk: avoidance acceptance mitigation transference

transference

A security analyst receives an alert from the company's SIEM that anomalous activity is coming from a local source IP address of 192.168.34.26. The Chief Information Security Officer asks the analyst to block the originating source. Several days later, another employee opens an internal ticket stating that vulnerability scans are no longer being performed properly. The IP address the employee provides is 192.168.34.26. Which of the following describes this type of alert? True negative True positive False positive False negative

False positive

A security analyst wants to reference a standard to develop a risk management program. Which of the following is the BEST source for the analyst to use? SSAE SOC 2 ISO 31000 NIST CSF GDPR

ISO 31000

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) requested a report on potential areas of improvement following a security incident. Which of the following incident response processes is the CISO requesting? Lessons learned Preparation Detection Containment Root cause analysis

Lessons learned

A company is providing security awareness training regarding the importance of not forwarding social media messages from unverified sources. Which of the following risks would this training help to prevent? Hoaxes SPIMs Identity fraud Credential harvesting

Hoaxes

A security analyst is receiving numerous alerts reporting that the response time of an internet-facing application has been degraded. However, the internal network performance was not degraded. Which of the following MOST likely explains this behavior? DNS poisoning MAC flooding DDoS attack ARP poisoning

DDoS attack

Which of the following will increase cryptographic security? High data entropy Algorithms that require less computing power Longer key longevity Hashing

High data entropy

Which of the following statements BEST describes zero-day exploits? When a zero-day exploit is discovered, the system cannot be protected by any means. Zero-day exploits have their own scoring category in CVSS. A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists. Discovering zero-day exploits is always performed via bug bounty programs.

A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists.

A company wants to restrict emailing of PHI documents. The company is implementing a DLP solution. In order to restrict PHI documents, which of the following should be performed FIRST? Retention Governance Classification Change management

Classification

Which of the following describes the continuous delivery software development methodology? Waterfall Spiral V-shaped Agile

Agile

Which of the following is the BEST example of a cost-effective physical control to enforce a USB removable media restriction policy? Putting security/antitamper tape over USB ports, logging the port numbers, and regularly inspecting the ports Implementing a GPO that will restrict access to authorized USB removable media and regularly verifying that it is enforced Placing systems into locked, key-controlled containers with no access to the USB ports Installing an endpoint agent to detect connectivity of USB and removable media

Putting security/antitamper tape over USB ports, logging the port numbers, and regularly inspecting the ports

A company suspects that some corporate accounts were compromised. The number of suspicious logins from locations not recognized by the users is increasing. Employees who travel need their accounts protected without the risk of blocking legitimate login requests that may be made over new sign-in properties. Which of the following security controls can be implemented? Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold. Implement geofencing to only allow access from headquarters. Enforce time-based login requests that align with business hours. Shift the access control scheme to a discretionary access control.

Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold

A security analyst is investigating some users who are being redirected to a fake website that resembles www.comptia.org. The following output was found on the naming server of the organization: Domain reputation Domain hijacking Disassociation DNS poisoning

DNS poisoning

An organization wants to participate in threat intelligence information sharing with peer groups. Which of the following would MOST likely meet the organization's requirement? Perform OSINT investigations. Subscribe to threat intelligence feeds. Submit RFCs. Implement a TAXII server.

Implement a TAXII server.

Which of the following is the MOST effective control against zero-day vulnerabilities? Network segmentation Patch management Intrusion prevention system Multiple vulnerability scanners

Network segmentation

Which of the following is the GREATEST security concern when outsourcing code development to third-party contractors for an internet-facing application? Intellectual property theft Elevated privileges Unknown backdoor Quality assurance

Unknown backdoors

An organization has hired a red team to simulate attacks on its security posture. Which of the following will the blue team do after detecting an IoC? Reimage the impacted workstations. Activate runbooks for incident response. Conduct forensics on the compromised system. Conduct passive reconnaissance to gather information.

Activate run books for incident response

An amusement park is implementing a biometric system that validates customers' fingerprints to ensure they are not sharing tickets. The park's owner values customers above all and would prefer customers' convenience over security. For this reason, which of the following features should the security team prioritize FIRST? Low FAR Low efficacy Low FRR Low CER

Low FRR (False Rejection Rate)

Which of the following organizations sets frameworks and controls for optimal security configuration on systems? ISO GDPR PCI DSS NIST

NIST

An organization discovered files with proprietary financial data have been deleted. The files have been recovered from backup, but every time the Chief Financial Officer logs in to the file server, the same files are deleted again. No other users are experiencing this issue. Which of the following types of malware is MOST likely causing this behavior? Logic bomb Cryptomalware Spyware Remote access Trojan

Logic bomb

A security analyst has identified malware spreading through the corporate network and has activated the CSIRT. Which of the following should the analyst do NEXT? Review how the malware was introduced to the network. Attempt to quarantine all infected hosts to limit further spread. Create help desk tickets to get infected systems reimaged. Update all endpoint antivirus solutions with the latest updates.

Attempt to quarantine all infected hosts to limit further spread.

During an incident response, an analyst applied rules to all inbound traffic on the border firewall and implemented ACLs on each critical server. Following an investigation, the company realizes it is still vulnerable because outbound traffic is not restricted, and the adversary is able to maintain a presence in the network. In which of the following stages of the Cyber Kill Chain is the adversary currently operating? Reconnaissance Command and control Actions on objective Exploitation

Command and control

A recent security breach exploited software vulnerabilities in the firewall and within the network management solution. Which of the following will MOST likely be used to identify when the breach occurred through each device? SIEM correlation dashboards Firewall syslog event logs Network management solution login audit logs Bandwidth monitors and interface sensors

SIEM correlation dashboards

Which of the following is the FIRST environment in which proper, secure coding should be practiced?

Development

A cloud service provider has created an environment where customers can connect existing local networks to the cloud for additional computing resources and block internal HR applications from reaching the cloud. Which of the following cloud models is being used? Public Community Hybrid Private

Hybrid

An organization has developed an application that needs a patch to fix a critical vulnerability. In which of the following environments should the patch be deployed LAST? Test Staging Development Production

Production

An organization is building backup server rooms in geographically diverse locations. The Chief Information Security Officer implemented a requirement on the project that states the new hardware cannot be susceptible to the same vulnerabilities in the existing server room. Which of the following should the systems engineer consider? Purchasing hardware from different vendors Migrating workloads to public cloud infrastructure Implementing a robust patch management solution Designing new detective security controls

Purchasing hardware from different vendors

A security analyst is working on a project to implement a solution that monitors network communications and provides alerts when abnormal behavior is detected. Which of the following is the security analyst MOST likely implementing?

User behavior analysis

Data exfiltration analysis indicates that an attacker managed to download system configuration notes from a web server. The web-server logs have been deleted, but analysts have determined that the system configuration notes were stored in the database administrator's folder on the web server. Which of the following attacks explains what occurred? (Choose two.) Pass-the-hash Directory traversal SQL injection Privilege escalation Cross-site scripting Request forgery

Directory traversal Privilege escalation

A junior security analyst is conducting an analysis after passwords were changed on multiple accounts without users' interaction. The SIEM have multiple login entries with the following text: suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks successfully authenticate on AD on abnormal time suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups\amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups\secureyourAD-3rdparty-compliance.sh suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks successfully executed c:\weekly_checkups\amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py Which of the following is the MOST likely attack conducted on the environment? Malicious script Privilege escalation Domain hijacking DNS poisoning

Malicious script

A customer service representative reported an unusual text message that was sent to the help desk. The message contained an unrecognized invoice number with a large balance due and a link to click for more details. Which of the following BEST describes this technique? Vishing Whaling Phishing Smishing

Smishing

Which of the following actions would be recommended to improve an incident response process? Train the team to identify the difference between events and incidents. Modify access so the IT team has full access to the compromised assets. Contact the authorities if a cybercrime is suspected. Restrict communication surrounding the response to the IT team.

Train the team to identify the difference between events and incidents

A cybersecurity administrator needs to implement a Layer 7 security control on a network and block potential attacks. Which of the following can block an attack at Layer 7? (Choose two.) HIDS NIPS HSM WAF NAC NIDS

NIPS WAF

A business operations manager is concerned that a PC that is critical to business operations will have a costly hardware failure soon. The manager is looking for options to continue business operations without incurring large costs. Which of the following would mitigate the manager's concerns? Implement a full system upgrade. Perform a physical-to-virtual migration. Install uninterruptible power supplies. Purchase cybersecurity insurance.

Perform a physical-to-virtual migration

An organization has activated an incident response plan due to a malware outbreak on its network. The organization has brought in a forensics team that has identified an internet-facing Windows server as the likely point of initial compromise. The malware family that was detected is known to be distributed by manually logging on to servers and running the malicious code. Which of the following actions would be BEST to prevent reinfection from the infection vector? Prevent connections over TFTP from the internal network. Create a firewall rule that blocks a 22 from the internet to the server. Disable file sharing over port 445 to the server. Block port 3389 inbound from untrusted networks.

Block port 3389 inbound from untrusted networks

Which of the following uses SAML for authentication? TOTP Federation Kerberos HOTP

Federation

The SOC for a large MSSP is meeting to discuss the lessons learned from a recent incident that took much too long to resolve. This type of incident has become more common in recent weeks and is consuming large amounts of the analysts' time due to manual tasks being performed. Which of the following solutions should the SOC consider to BEST improve its response time? Configure a NIDS appliance using a Switched Port Analyzer. Collect OSINT and catalog the artifacts in a central repository. Implement a SOAR with customizable playbooks. Install a SIEM with community-driven threat intelligence.

Implement a SOAR with customizable playbooks

Business partners are working on a security mechanism to validate transactions securely. The requirement is for one company to be responsible for deploying a trusted solution that will register and issue artifacts used to sign, encrypt, and decrypt transaction files. Which of the following is the BEST solution to adopt? PKI Blockchain SAML OAuth

PKI

A security analyst has been asked by the Chief Information Security Officer to: ✑ develop a secure method of providing centralized management of infrastructure ✑ reduce the need to constantly replace aging end user machines ✑ provide a consistent user desktop experience Which of the following BEST meets these requirements? BYOD Mobile device management VDI Containerization

VDI

Which of the following terms describes a broad range of information that is sensitive to a specific organization? Public Top secret Proprietary Open-source

Proprietary

A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned that cloud-based services are not adequately protected from advanced threats and malware. The CSO believes there is a high risk that a data breach could occur in the near future due to the lack of detective and preventive controls. Which of the following should be implemented to BEST address the CSO's concerns? (Choose two.) A WAF A CASB An NG-SWG Segmentation Encryption Containerization

A CASB An NG-SWG

An organization is planning to roll out a new mobile device policy and issue each employee a new laptop. These laptops would access the users' corporate operating system remotely and allow them to use the laptops for purposes outside of their job roles. Which of the following deployment models is being utilized? MDM and application management BYOD and containers COPE and VDI CYOD and VMs

COPE and VDI

Certain users are reporting their accounts are being used to send unauthorized emails and conduct suspicious activities. After further investigation, a security analyst notices the following: ✑ All users share workstations throughout the day. ✑ Endpoint protection was disabled on several workstations throughout the network. ✑ Travel times on logins from the affected users are impossible. ✑ Sensitive data is being uploaded to external sites. All user account passwords were forced to be reset and the issue continued. Which of the following attacks is being used to compromise the user accounts? Brute-force Keylogger Dictionary Rainbow

Keylogger

A security forensics analyst is examining a virtual server. The analyst wants to preserve the present state of the virtual server, including memory contents. Which of the following backup types should be used? Snapshot Differential Cloud Full Incremental

Snapshot

After returning from a conference, a user's laptop has been operating slower than normal and overheating, and the fans have been running constantly. During the diagnosis process, an unknown piece of hardware is found connected to the laptop's motherboard. Which of the following attack vectors was exploited to install the hardware? Removable media Spear phishing Supply chain Direct access

Direct access

After a recent security breach, a security analyst reports that several administrative usernames and passwords are being sent via cleartext across the network to access network devices over port 23. Which of the following should be implemented so all credentials sent over the network are encrypted when remotely accessing and configuring network devices? SSH SNMPv3 SFTP Telnet FTP

SSH

Which of the following provides a calculated value for known vulnerabilities so organizations can prioritize mitigation steps? CVSS SIEM SOAR CVE

CVSS

Several universities are participating in a collaborative research project and need to share compute and storage resources. Which of the following cloud deployment strategies would BEST meet this need? Community Private Public Hybrid

Community

A forensic analyst needs to prove that data has not been tampered with since it was collected. Which of the following methods will the analyst MOST likely use? Look for tampering on the evidence collection bag. Encrypt the collected data using asymmetric encryption. Ensure proper procedures for chain of custody are being followed. Calculate the checksum using a hashing algorithm.

Calculate the checksum using a hashing algorithm

Multiple business accounts were compromised a few days after a public website had its credentials database leaked on the Internet. No business emails were identified in the breach, but the security team thinks that the list of passwords exposed was later used to compromise business accounts. Which of the following would mitigate the issue? Complexity requirements Password history Acceptable use policy Shared accounts

Password history

A security analyst wants to fingerprint a web server. Which of the following tools will the security analyst MOST likely use to accomplish this task? nmap -pl-65535 192.168.0.10 dig 192.168.0.10 curl --head http://192.168.0.10 ping 192.168.0.10

curl --head http://192.168.0.10

A penetration tester was able to compromise an internal server and is now trying to pivot the current session in a network lateral movement. Which of the following tools, if available on the server, will provide the MOST useful information for the next assessment step? Autopsy Cuckoo Memdump Nmap

Nmap

Field workers in an organization are issued mobile phones on a daily basis. All the work is performed within one city, and the mobile phones are not used for any purpose other than work. The organization does not want these phones used for personal purposes. The organization would like to issue the phones to workers as permanent devices so the phones do not need to be reissued every day. Given the conditions described, which of the following technologies would BEST meet these requirements? Geofencing Mobile device management Containerization Remote wiping

Mobile Device Management

Which of the following control types is focused primarily on reducing risk before an incident occurs? Preventive Deterrent Corrective Detective

Preventative

A systems administrator reports degraded performance on a virtual server. The administrator increases the virtual memory allocation, which improves conditions, but performance degrades again after a few days. The administrator runs an analysis tool and sees the following output: ==3214== timeAttend.exe analyzed ==3214== ERROR SUMMARY: ==3214== malloc/free: in use at exit: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks. ==3214== checked 82116 bytes ==3214== definitely lost: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks. The administrator terminates the timeAttend.exe, observes system performance over the next few days, and notices that the system performance does not degrade. Which of the following issues is MOST likely occurring? DLL injection API attack Buffer overflow Memory leak

Memory leak

An administrator is experiencing issues when trying to upload a support file to a vendor. A pop-up message reveals that a payment card number was found in the file, and the file upload was blocked. Which of the following controls is most likely causing this issue and should be checked FIRST? DLP Firewall rule Content filter MDM Application allow list

DLP

Which of the following risk management strategies would an organization use to maintain a legacy system with known risks for operational purposes? Acceptance Transference Avoidance Mitigation

Mitigation

Which of the following is the BEST action to foster a consistent and auditable incident response process? Incent new hires to constantly update the document with external knowledge. Publish the document in a central repository that is easily accessible to the organization. Restrict eligibility to comment on the process to subject matter experts of each IT silo. Rotate CIRT members to foster a shared responsibility model in the organization.

Publish the document in a central repository that is easily accessible to the organization

During a recent penetration test, the tester discovers large amounts of data were exfiltrated over the course of 12 months via the internet. The penetration tester stops the test to inform the client of the findings. Which of the following should be the client's NEXT step to mitigate the issue? Conduct a full vulnerability scan to identify possible vulnerabilities. Perform containment on the critical servers and resources. Review the firewall and identify the source of the active connection. Disconnect the entire infrastructure from the internet.

Perform containment on the critical servers and resources

A security analyst is designing the appropriate controls to limit unauthorized access to a physical site. The analyst has a directive to utilize the lowest possible budget. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements? Preventive controls Compensating controls Deterrent controls Detective controls

Deterrent controls

A company is looking to migrate some servers to the cloud to minimize its technology footprint. The company has 100 databases that are on premises. Which of the following solutions will require the LEAST management and support from the company? SaaS IaaS PaaS SDN

SaaS

Which of the following employee roles is responsible for protecting an organization's collected personal information? CTO DPO CEO DBA

DPO

Against the recommendation of the IT security analyst, a company set all user passwords on a server as `P@55w0rD`. Upon review of the /etc/passwd file, an attacker found the following: alice:a8df3b6c4fd75f0617431fd248f35191df8d237f bob:2d250c5b2976b03d757f324ebd59340df96aa05e chris:ea981ec3285421d014108089f3f3f997ce0f4150 Which of the following BEST explains why the encrypted passwords do not match? Perfect forward secrecy Key stretching Salting Hashing

Salting

After gaining access to a dual-homed (i.e., wired and wireless) multifunction device by exploiting a vulnerability in the device's firmware, a penetration tester then gains shell access on another networked asset. This technique is an example of: privilege escalation. footprinting. persistence. pivoting.

Pivoting

Which of the following should be monitored by threat intelligence researchers who search for leaked credentials? Common Weakness Enumeration OSINT Dark web Vulnerability databases

Dark web

A security analyst needs to be able to search and correlate logs from multiple sources in a single tool. Which of the following would BEST allow a security analyst to have this ability? SOAR SIEM Log collectors Network-attached storage

SIEM

A security analyst is investigating suspicious traffic on the web server located at IP address 10.10.1.1. A search of the WAF logs reveals the following output: Source IP - 172.16.1.3, 172.161.1.3 Destination IP - 10.10.1.1, 10.10.1.1 Requested URL - /web/cgi-bin/contact?caregory=custname`-- /web/cgi-bin/contact?category=custname+OR+1=1-- Action Taken - permit and log

SQLi attack

Which of the following components can be used to consolidate and forward inbound internet traffic to multiple cloud environments though a single firewall? Transit gateway Cloud hot site Edge computing DNS sinkhole

Transit gateway

A DBA reports that several production server hard drives were wiped over the weekend. The DBA also reports that several Linux servers were unavailable due to system files being deleted unexpectedly. A security analyst verified that software was configured to delete data deliberately from those servers. No backdoors to any servers were found. Which of the following attacks was MOST likely used to cause the data loss? Logic bomb Ransomware Fileless virus Remote access Trojans Rootkit

Logic bomb

Digital signatures use asymmetric encryption. This means the message is encrypted with: the sender's private key and decrypted with the sender's public key. the sender's public key and decrypted with the sender's private key. the sender's private key and decrypted with the recipient's public key. the sender's public key and decrypted with the recipient's private key.

the sender's private key and decrypted with the sender's public key.

A security engineer was assigned to implement a solution to prevent attackers from gaining access by pretending to be authorized users. Which of the following technologies meets the requirement? SSO IDS MFA TPM

MFA

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has requested that a third-party vendor provide supporting documents that show proper controls are in place to protect customer data. Which of the following would be BEST for the third-party vendor to provide to the CISO? GDPR compliance attestation Cloud Security Alliance materials SOC 2 Type 2 report NIST RMF workbooks

SOC 2 Type 2 report

Which of the following is assured when a user signs an email using a private key? Non-repudiation Confidentiality Availability Authentication

Non-repudiation

A systems administrator is troubleshooting a server's connection to an internal web server. The administrator needs to determine the correct ports to use. Which of the following tools BEST shows which ports on the web server are in a listening state? ipconfig ssh ping netstat

netstat

Which of the following BEST reduces the security risks introduced when running systems that have expired vendor support and lack an immediate replacement? Implement proper network access restrictions. Initiate a bug bounty program. Classify the system as shadow IT. Increase the frequency of vulnerability scans.

Implement proper network access restrictions

Due to unexpected circumstances, an IT company must vacate its main office, forcing all operations to alternate, off-site locations. Which of the following will the company MOST likely reference for guidance during this change? The business continuity plan The retention policy The disaster recovery plan The incident response plan

The business continuity plan

While reviewing an alert that shows a malicious request on one web application, a cybersecurity analyst is alerted to a subsequent token reuse moments later on a different service using the same single sign-on method. Which of the following would BEST detect a malicious actor? Utilizing SIEM correlation engines Deploying Netflow at the network border Disabling session tokens for all sites Deploying a WAF for the web server

Utilizing SIEM correlation engines

Two organizations plan to collaborate on the evaluation of new SIEM solutions for their respective companies. A combined effort from both organizations' SOC teams would speed up the effort. Which of the following can be written to document this agreement? MOU ISA SLA NDA

MOU

The Chief Information Security Officer wants to prevent exfiltration of sensitive information from employee cell phones when using public USB power charging stations. Which of the following would be the BEST solution to implement? DLP USB data blocker USB OTG Disabling USB ports

USB data blocker

The board of directors at a company contracted with an insurance firm to limit the organization's liability. Which of the following risk management practices does this BEST describe? Transference Avoidance Mitigation Acknowledgement

Transference

Which of the following is a risk that is specifically associated with hosting applications in the public cloud? Unsecured root accounts Zero-day Shared tenancy Insider threat

Shared tenancy

DDoS attacks are causing an overload on the cluster of cloud servers. A security architect is researching alternatives to make the cloud environment respond to load fluctuation in a cost-effective way. Which of the following options BEST fulfills the architect's requirements? An orchestration solution that can adjust scalability of cloud assets Use of multipath by adding more connections to cloud storage Cloud assets replicated on geographically distributed regions An on-site backup that is displayed and only used when the load increases

An orchestration solution that can adjust scalability of cloud assets

Which of the following documents provides expectations at a technical level for quality, availability, and responsibilities? EOL SLA MOU EOSL

SLA

Which of the following is an example of transference of risk? Purchasing insurance Patching vulnerable servers Retiring outdated applications Application owner risk sign-off

Purchasing insurance

An employee received a word processing file that was delivered as an email attachment. The subject line and email content enticed the employee to open the attachment. Which of the following attack vectors BEST matches this malware? Embedded Python code Macro-enabled file Bash scripting Credential-harvesting website

Macro-enabled file

A security proposal was set up to track requests for remote access by creating a baseline of the users' common sign-in properties. When a baseline deviation is detected, an MFA challenge will be triggered. Which of the following should be configured in order to deploy the proposal? Context-aware authentication Simultaneous authentication of equals Extensive authentication protocol Agentless network access control

Context-aware authentication

Which of the following secure coding techniques makes compromised code more difficult for hackers to use? Obfuscation Normalization Execution Reuse

Obfuscation

As part of a security compliance assessment, an auditor performs automated vulnerability scans. In addition, which of the following should the auditor do to complete the assessment? User behavior analysis Packet captures Configuration reviews Log analysis

Configuration reviews

A database administrator wants to grant access to an application that will be reading and writing data to a database. The database is shared by other applications also used by the finance department. Which of the following account types is MOST appropriate for this purpose? Service Shared Generic Admin

Service

A security analyst generated a file named host1.pcap and shared it with a team member who is going to use it for further incident analysis. Which of the following tools will the other team member MOST likely use to open this file? Autopsy Memdump FTK imager Wireshark

Wireshark

An application developer accidentally uploaded a company's code-signing certificate private key to a public web server. The company is concerned about malicious use of its certificate. Which of the following should the company do FIRST? Delete the private key from the repository. Verify the public key is not exposed as well. Update the DLP solution to check for private keys. Revoke the code-signing certificate. Most Voted

Revoke the code-signing certificate

An organization implemented a process that compares the settings currently configured on systems against secure configuration guidelines in order to identify any gaps. Which of the following control types has the organization implemented? Compensating Corrective Preventive Detective

Detective

The Chief Information Security Officer directed a risk reduction in shadow IT and created a policy requiring all unsanctioned high-risk SaaS applications to be blocked from user access. Which of the following is the BEST security solution to reduce this risk? CASB VPN concentrator MFA VPC endpoint

CASB

A technician enables full disk encryption on a laptop that will be taken on a business trip. Which of the following does this process BEST protect? Data in transit Data in processing Data at rest Data tokenization

Data at rest

A security analyst was called to investigate a file received directly from a hardware manufacturer. The analyst is trying to determine whether the file was modified in transit before installation on the user's computer. Which of the following can be used to safely assess the file? Check the hash of the installation file Match the file names. Verify the URL download location. Verify the code signing certificate.

Check the hash of the installation file

A help desk technician receives a phone call from someone claiming to be a part of the organization's cybersecurity incident response team. The caller asks the technician to verify the network's internal firewall IP Address. Which of the following is the technician's BEST course of action? Direct the caller to stop by the help desk in person and hang up declining any further requests from the caller. Ask for the caller's name, verify the person's identity in the email directory, and provide the requested information over the phone. Write down the phone number of the caller if possible, the name of the person requesting the information, hang up, and notify the organization's cybersecurity officer Request the caller send an email for identity verification and provide the requested information via email to the caller.

Write down the phone number of the caller if possible, the name of the person requesting the information, hang up, and notify the organization's cybersecurity officer

Which of the following would BEST provide detective and corrective controls for thermal regulation? A smoke detector A fire alarm An HVAC system A fire suppression system Guards

Which of the following is a benefit of including a risk management framework into an organization's security approach? It defines expected service levels from participating supply chain partners to ensure system outages are remediated in a timely manner. It identifies specific vendor products that have been tested and approved for use in a secure environment. It provides legal assurances and remedies in the event a data breach occurs. It incorporates control, development, policy, and management activities into IT operations.

It incorporates control, development, policy, and management activities into IT operations

An organization maintains several environments in which patches are developed and tested before being deployed to an operational status. Which of the following is the environment in which patches will be deployed just prior to being put into an operational status? Development Test Production Staging

Staging

During a trial, a judge determined evidence gathered from a hard drive was not admissible. Which of the following BEST explains this reasoning? The forensic investigator forgot to run a checksum on the disk image after creation. The chain of custody form did not note time zone offsets between transportation regions. The computer was turned off, and a RAM image could not be taken at the same time. The hard drive was not properly kept in an antistatic bag when it was moved.

The chain of custody form did not note time zone offsets between transportation regions

An organization wants to implement a biometric system with the highest likelihood that an unauthorized user will be denied access. Which of the following should the organization use to compare biometric solutions? FRR Difficulty of use Cost FAR CER

FAR

A company recently experienced a significant data loss when proprietary information was leaked to a competitor. The company took special precautions by using proper labels; however, email filter logs do not have any record of the incident. An investigation confirmed the corporate network was not breached, but documents were downloaded from an employee's COPE tablet and passed to the competitor via cloud storage. Which of the following is the BEST remediation for this data leak? User training CASB MDM DLP

DLP

An attacker was eavesdropping on a user who was shopping online. The attacker was able to spoof the IP address associated with the shopping site. Later, the user received an email regarding the credit card statement with unusual purchases. Which of the following attacks took place? On-path attack Protocol poisoning Domain hijacking Bluejacking

On-path attack

A company is considering transitioning to the cloud. The company employs individuals from various locations around the world. The company does not want to increase its on premises infrastructure blueprint and only wants to pay for additional compute power required. Which of the following solutions would BEST meet the needs of the company? Private cloud Hybrid environment Managed security service provider Hot backup site

Hybrid environment

After multiple on premises security solutions were migrated to the cloud, the incident response time increased. The analysts are spending a long time trying to trace information on different cloud consoles and correlating data in different formats. Which of the following can be used to optimize the incident response time? CASB VPC SWG CMS

CASB

Which of the following control types would be BEST to use in an accounting department to reduce losses from fraudulent transactions? Recovery Deterrent Corrective Detective

Detective

A company is receiving emails with links to phishing sites that look very similar to the company's own website address and content. Which of the following is the BEST way for the company to mitigate this attack? Create a honeynet to trap attackers who access the VPN with credentials obtained by phishing. Generate a list of domains similar to the company's own and implement a DNS sinkhole for each. Disable POP and IMAP on all Internet-facing email servers and implement SMTPS. Use an automated tool to flood the phishing websites with fake usernames and passwords.

Generate a list of domains similar to the company's own and implement a DNS sinkhole for each

A SOC operator is receiving continuous alerts from multiple Linux systems indicating that unsuccessful SSH attempts to a functional user ID have been attempted on each one of them in a short period of time. Which of the following BEST explains this behavior? Rainbow table attack Password spraying Logic bomb Malware bot

Password spraying

A tax organization is working on a solution to validate the online submission of documents. The solution should be carried on a portable USB device that should be inserted on any computer that is transmitting a transaction securely. Which of the following is the BEST certificate for these requirements? User certificate Self-signed certificate Computer certificate Root certificate

User certificate

A routine audit of medical billing claims revealed that several claims were submitted without the subscriber's knowledge. A review of the audit logs for the medical billing company's system indicated a company employee downloaded customer records and adjusted the direct deposit information to a personal bank account. Which of the following does this action describe? Insider threat Social engineering Third-party risk Data breach

Insider threat

A recent audit cited a risk involving numerous low-criticality vulnerabilities created by a web application using a third-party library. The development staff state there are still customers using the application even though it is end of life and it would be a substantial burden to update the application for compatibility with more secure libraries. Which of the following would be the MOST prudent course of action? Accept the risk if there is a clear road map for timely decommission. Deny the risk due to the end-of-life status of the application. Use containerization to segment the application from other applications to eliminate the risk. Outsource the application to a third-party developer group.

Accept the risk if there is a clear road map for timely decommission

A security analyst is evaluating solutions to deploy an additional layer of protection for a web application. The goal is to allow only encrypted communications without relying on network devices. Which of the following can be implemented? HTTP security header DNSSEC implementation SRTP S/MIME

HTTP security header

A company labeled some documents with the public sensitivity classification. This means the documents can be accessed by: employees of other companies and the press. all members of the department that created the documents. only the company's employees and those listed in the document. only the individuals listed in the documents.

employees of other companies and the press

Which of the following is the MOST relevant security check to be performed before embedding third-party libraries in developed code? Check to see if the third party has resources to create dedicated development and staging environments. Verify the number of companies that downloaded the third-party code and the number of contributions on the code repository. Assess existing vulnerabilities affecting the third-party code and the remediation efficiency of the libraries' developers. Read multiple penetration-testing reports for environments running software that reused the library.

Assess existing vulnerabilities affecting the third-party code and the remediation efficiency of the libraries' developers

A help desk technician receives an email from the Chief Information Officer (CIO) asking for documents. The technician knows the CIO is on vacation for a few weeks. Which of the following should the technician do to validate the authenticity of the email? Check the metadata in the email header of the received path in reverse order to follow the email's path. Hover the mouse over the CIO's email address to verify the email address. Look at the metadata in the email header and verify the ג€From:ג€ line matches the CIO's email address. Forward the email to the CIO and ask if the CIO sent the email requesting the documents.

Check the metadata in the email header of the received path in reverse order to follow the email's path

A company needs to validate its updated incident response plan using a real-world scenario that will test decision points and relevant incident response actions without interrupting daily operations. Which of the following would BEST meet the company's requirements? Red-team exercise Capture-the-flag exercise Tabletop exercise Phishing exercise

Tabletop exercise

Security analysts are conducting an investigation of an attack that occurred inside the organization's network. An attacker was able to collect network traffic between workstations throughout the network. The analysts review the following logs: VLAN Address ------- ------------ 1 0007.1e5d.3213 1 002a.7d.44.8801 1 0011.aab4.344d The Layer 2 address table has hundreds of entries similar to the ones above. Which of the following attacks has MOST likely occurred? SQL injection DNS spoofing MAC flooding ARP poisoning

MAC flooding

A security policy states that common words should not be used as passwords. A security auditor was able to perform a dictionary attack against corporate credentials. Which of the following controls was being violated? Password complexity Password history Password reuse Password length

Password complexity

A SOC operator is analyzing a log file that contains the following entries: [06-Apr-2021-18:00:06] GET /index.php/../../../../../../etc/passwd [06-Apr-2021-18:01:07] GET /index.php/../../../../../../etc/shadow [06-Apr-2021-18:01:26] GET /index.php/../../../../../../../../etc/passwd [06-Apr-2021-18:02:16] GET /index.php?var1=;cat /etc/passwd;&var2=7865tgydk [06-Apr-2021-18:02:16] GET /index.php?var1=;cat /etc/passwd;&var2=7865tgydk SQL injection and improper input-handling attempts Cross-site scripting and resource exhaustion attempts Command injection and directory traversal attempts Most Voted Error handling and privilege escalation attempts

Command injection and directory traversal attempts

A security incident has been resolved. Which of the following BEST describes the importance of the final phase of the incident response plan? It examines and documents how well the team responded, discovers what caused the incident, and determines how the incident can be avoided in the future. It returns the affected systems back into production once systems have been fully patched, data restored, and vulnerabilities addressed. It identifies the incident and the scope of the breach, how it affects the production environment, and the ingress point. It contains the affected systems and disconnects them from the network, preventing further spread of the attack or breach.

It examines and documents how well the team responded, discovers what caused the incident, and determines how the incident can be avoided in the future.

PBQ

During the onboarding process, an employee needs to create a password for an intranet account. The password must include ten characters, numbers, and letters, and two special characters. Once the password is created, the company will grant the employee access to other company-owned websites based on the intranet profile. Which of the following access management concepts is the company most likely using to safeguard intranet accounts and grant access to multiple sites based on a user's intranet account? (Choose two.) Federation Identity proofing Password complexity Default password changes Password manager Open authentication

Federation Password complexity

PBQ

A large bank with two geographically dispersed data centers is concerned about major power disruptions at both locations. Every day each location experiences very brief outages that last for a few seconds. However, during the summer a high risk of intentional brownouts that last up to an hour exists, particularly at one of the locations near an industrial smelter. Which of the following is the BEST solution to reduce the risk of data loss? Dual supply Generator UPS POU Daily backups

Generator

Which of the following would be the BEST way to analyze diskless malware that has infected a VDI? Shut down the VDI and copy off the event logs. Take a memory snapshot of the running system. Use NetFlow to identify command-and-control IPs. Run a full on-demand scan of the root volume.

Take a memory snapshot of the running system

Users are presented with a banner upon each login to a workstation. The banner mentions that users are not entitled to any reasonable expectation of privacy and access is for authorized personnel only. In order to proceed past that banner, users must click the OK button. Which of the following is this an example of? AUP NDA SLA MOU

AUP

The Chief Information Security Officer is concerned about employees using personal email rather than company email to communicate with clients and sending sensitive business information and PII. Which of the following would be the BEST solution to install on the employees' workstations to prevent information from leaving the company's network? HIPS DLP HIDS EDR

DLP

On the way into a secure building, an unknown individual strikes up a conversation with an employee. The employee scans the required badge at the door while the unknown individual holds the door open, seemingly out of courtesy, for the employee. Which of the following social engineering techniques is being utilized? Shoulder surfing Watering-hole attack Tailgating Impersonation

Tailgaiting

Two hospitals merged into a single organization. The privacy officer requested a review of all records to ensure encryption was used during record storage, in compliance with regulations. During the review, the officer discovered that medical diagnosis codes and patient names were left unsecured. Which of the following types of data does this combination BEST represent? Personal health information Personally identifiable information Tokenized data Proprietary data

Personal health information

A company discovered that terabytes of data have been exfiltrated over the past year after an employee clicked on an email link. The threat continued to evolve and remain undetected until a security analyst noticed an abnormal amount of external connections when the employee was not working. Which of the following is the MOST likely threat actor? Shadow IT Script kiddies APT Insider threat

APT

An untrusted SSL certificate was discovered during the most recent vulnerability scan. A security analyst determines the certificate is signed properly and is a valid wildcard. This same certificate is installed on the other company servers without issue. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for this finding? The required intermediate certificate is not loaded as part of the certificate chain. The certificate is on the CRL and is no longer valid. The corporate CA has expired on every server, causing the certificate to fail verification. The scanner is incorrectly configured to not trust this certificate when detected on the server.

The required intermediate certificate is not loaded as part of the certificate chain

A company wants to improve end users' experiences when they log in to a trusted partner website. The company does not want the users to be issued separate credentials for the partner website. Which of the following should be implemented to allow users to authenticate using their own credentials to log in to the trusted partner's website? Directory service AAA server Federation Multifactor authentication

Federation

A company is under investigation for possible fraud. As part of the investigation, the authorities need to review all emails and ensure data is not deleted. Which of the following should the company implement to assist in the investigation? Legal hold Chain of custody Data loss prevention Content filter

Legal hold

A user wanted to catch up on some work over the weekend but had issues logging in to the corporate network using a VPN. On Monday, the user opened a ticket for this issue but was able to log in successfully. Which of the following BEST describes the policy that is being implemented? Time-based logins Geofencing Network location Password history

Time-based logins

A major political party experienced a server breach. The hacker then publicly posted stolen internal communications concerning campaign strategies to give the opposition party an advantage. Which of the following BEST describes these threat actors? Semi-authorized hackers State actors Script kiddies Advanced persistent threats

State actors

A company is required to continue using legacy software to support a critical service. Which of the following BEST explains a risk of this practice? Default system configuration Unsecure protocols Lack of vendor support Weak encryption

Lack of vendor support

A security analyst has been tasked with ensuring all programs that are deployed into the enterprise have been assessed in a runtime environment. Any critical issues found in the program must be sent back to the developer for verification and remediation. Which of the following BEST describes the type of assessment taking place? Input validation Dynamic code analysis Fuzzing Manual code review

Dynamic code analysis

Which of the following can work as an authentication method and as an alerting mechanism for unauthorized access attempts? Smart card Push notifications Attestation service HMAC-based one-time password

Push notifications

A company has a flat network in the cloud. The company needs to implement a solution to segment its production and non-production servers without migrating servers to a new network. Which of the following solutions should the company implement? Intranet Screened subnet VLAN segmentation Zero Trust

VLAN segmentation

The president of a regional bank likes to frequently provide SOC tours to potential investors. Which of the following policies BEST reduces the risk of malicious activity occurring after a tour? Password complexity Acceptable use Access control Clean desk

Clean desk

A Chief Information Security Officer has defined resiliency requirements for a new data center architecture. The requirements are as follows: * Critical fileshares will remain accessible during and after a natural disaster. * Five percent of hard disks can fail at any given time without impacting the data. * Systems will be forced to shut down gracefully when battery levels are below 20%. Which of the following are required to BEST meet these objectives? (Choose three.) Fiber switching IaC NAS RAID UPS Redundant power supplies Geographic dispersal Snapshots Load balancing

RAID UPS Geographic dispersal

Which of the following is a security best practice that ensures the integrity of aggregated log files within a SIEM? Set up hashing on the source log file servers that complies with local regulatory requirements. Back up the aggregated log files at least two times a day or as stated by local regulatory requirements. Write protect the aggregated log files and move them to an isolated server with limited access. Back up the source log files and archive them for at least six years or in accordance with local regulatory requirements.

Set up hashing on the source log file servers that complies with local regulatory requirements

A security analyst is evaluating the risks of authorizing multiple security solutions to collect data from the company's cloud environment. Which of the following is an immediate consequence of these integrations? Non-compliance with data sovereignty rules Loss of the vendors interoperability support Mandatory deployment of a SIEM solution Increase in the attack surface

Increase in the attack surface

Which of the following explains why RTO is included in a BIA? It identifies the amount of allowable downtime for an application or system. It prioritizes risks so the organization can allocate resources appropriately. It monetizes the loss of an asset and determines a break-even point for risk mitigation. It informs the backup approach so that the organization can recover data to a known time.

It identifies the amount of allowable downtime for an application or system.

A security analyst is reviewing web-application logs and finds the following log: https://www.comptia.org/contact-us/%3Ffile%3D..%2F..%2F..%2F..%2Fetc%2Fpasswd Directory traversal XSS CSRF On-path attack

Directory traversal

A security analyst is reviewing the vulnerability scan report for a web server following an incident. The vulnerability that was used to exploit the server is present in historical vulnerability scan reports, and a patch is available for the vulnerability. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause? Security patches were uninstalled due to user impact. An adversary altered the vulnerability scan reports A zero-day vulnerability was used to exploit the web server The scan reported a false negative for the vulnerability

Security patches were uninstalled due to user impact

Which of the following is a known security risk associated with data archives that contain financial information? Data can become a liability if archived longer than required by regulatory guidance. Data must be archived off-site to avoid breaches and meet business requirements. Companies are prohibited from providing archived data to e-discovery requests. Unencrypted archives should be preserved as long as possible and encrypted.

Data can become a liability if archived longer than required by regulatory guidance

Which of the following BEST describes the process of documenting who has access to evidence? Order of volatility Chain of custody Non-repudiation Admissibility

Chain of custody

A systems engineer wants to leverage a cloud-based architecture with low latency between network-connected devices that also reduces the bandwidth that is required by performing analytics directly on the endpoints. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements? (Choose two.) Private cloud SaaS Hybrid cloud IaaS DRaaS Fog computing

Hybrid cloud Fog computing

Which of the following is a policy that provides a greater depth and breadth of knowledge across an organization? Asset management policy Separation of duties policy Acceptable use policy Job rotation policy

Job rotation policy

A company is moving its retail website to a public cloud provider. The company wants to tokenize credit card data but not allow the cloud provider to see the stored credit card information. Which of the following would BEST meet these objectives? WAF CASB VPN TLS

CASB

A security analyst is tasked with defining the "something you are" factor of the company's MFA settings. Which of the following is BEST to use to complete the configuration? Gait analysis Vein Soft token HMAC-based, one-time password

Vein

Which of the following processes will eliminate data using a method that will allow the storage device to be reused after the process is complete? Pulverizing Overwriting Shredding Degaussing

Overwriting

A user's account is constantly being locked out. Upon further review, a security analyst found the following in the SIEM: Same login name but changing the password to be something similar Which of the following describes what is occurring? An attacker is utilizing a password-spraying attack against the account. An attacker is utilizing a dictionary attack against the account. An attacker is utilizing a brute-force attack against the account. Most Voted An attacker is utilizing a rainbow table attack against the account.

An attacker is utilizing a brute-force attack against the account

A web server has been compromised due to a ransomware attack. Further investigation reveals the ransomware has been in the server for the past 72 hours. The systems administrator needs to get the services back up as soon as possible. Which of the following should the administrator use to restore services to a secure state? The last incremental backup that was conducted 72 hours ago The last known-good configuration The last full backup that was conducted seven days ago The baseline OS configuration

The last full backup that was conducted seven days ago

A network engineer created two subnets that will be used for production and development servers. Per security policy production and development servers must each have a dedicated network that cannot communicate with one another directly. Which of the following should be deployed so that server administrators can access these devices? VLANs Internet proxy servers NIDS Jump servers

Jump servers

A social media company based in North America is looking to expand into new global markets and needs to maintain compliance with international standards. With which of the following is the company's data protection officer MOST likely concerned? NIST Framework ISO 27001 GDPR PCI-DSS

ISO 27001

A security architect is required to deploy to conference rooms some workstations that will allow sensitive data to be displayed on large screens. Due to the nature of the data, it cannot be stored in the conference rooms. The file share is located in a local data center. Which of the following should the security architect recommend to BEST meet the requirement? Fog computing and KVMs VDI and thin clients Private cloud and DLP Full drive encryption and thick clients

VDI and thin clients

A Chief Information Security Officer wants to ensure the organization is validating and checking the integrity of zone transfers. Which of the following solutions should be implemented? DNSSEC LDAPS NGFW DLP

DNSSEC

Which of the following controls is used to make an organization initially aware of a data compromise? Protective Preventative Corrective Detective

Detective

An annual information security assessment has revealed that several OS-level configurations are not in compliance due to outdated hardening standards the company is using. Which of the following would be BEST to use to update and reconfigure the OS-level security configurations? CIS benchmarks GDPR guidance Regional regulations ISO 27001 standards

CIS benchmarks

A company acquired several other small companies. The company that acquired the others is transitioning network services to the cloud. The company wants to make sure that performance and security remain intact. Which of the following BEST meets both requirements? High availability Application security Segmentation Integration and auditing

Segmentation

After a recent external audit, the compliance team provided a list of several non-compliant, in-scope hosts that were not encrypting cardholder data at rest. Which of the following compliance frameworks would address the compliance team's GREATEST concern? PCI DSS GDPR ISO 27001 NIST CSF

PCI-DSS

A security analyst is receiving several alerts per user and is trying to determine if various logins are malicious. The security analyst would like to create a baseline of normal operations and reduce noise. Which of the following actions should the security analyst perform? Adjust the data flow from authentication sources to the SIEM. Disable email alerting and review the SIEM directly. Adjust the sensitivity levels of the SIEM correlation engine. Utilize behavioral analysis to enable the SIEM's learning mode.

Utilize behavioral analysis to enable the SIEM's learning mode

Which of the following is the MOST effective way to detect security flaws present on third-party libraries embedded on software before it is released into production? Employ different techniques for server- and client-side validations Use a different version control system for third-party libraries Implement a vulnerability scan to assess dependencies earlier on SDLC Increase the number of penetration tests before software release

Implement a vulnerability scan to assess dependencies earlier on SDLC

Which of the following prevents an employee from seeing a colleague who is visiting an inappropriate website? Job rotation policy NDA AUP Separation of duties policy

AUP

A user reports falling for a phishing email to an analyst. Which of the following system logs would the analyst check FIRST? DNS Message gateway Network Authentication

Message gateway

An attacker has determined the best way to impact operations is to infiltrate third-party software vendors. Which of the following vectors is being exploited? Social media Cloud Supply chain Social Engineering

Supply chain

An organization would like to give remote workers the ability to use applications hosted inside the corporate network. Users will be allowed to use their personal computers, or they will be provided organization assets. Either way, no data or applications will be installed locally on any user systems. Which of the following mobile solutions would accomplish these goals? VDI MDM COPE UTM

VDI

Which of the following is used to ensure that evidence is admissible in legal proceedings when it is collected and provided to the authorities? Chain of custody Legal hold Event log Artifacts

Chain of custody

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of a bank recently updated the incident response policy. The CISO is concerned that members of the incident response team do not understand their roles. The bank wants to test the policy but with the least amount of resources or impact. Which of the following BEST meets the requirements? Warm site failover Tabletop walk-through Parallel path testing Full outage simulation

Tabletop walk-through

Which of the following control types fixes a previously identified issue and mitigates a risk? Detective Corrective Preventative Finalized

Corrective

An analyst is reviewing logs associated with an attack. The logs indicate an attacker downloaded a malicious file that was quarantined by the AV solution. The attacker utilized a local non-administrative account to restore the malicious file to a new location. The file was then used by another process to execute a payload. Which of the following attacks did the analyst observe? Privilege escalation Request forgeries Injection Replay attack

Injection

A security engineer must deploy two wireless routers in an office suite. Other tenants in the office building should not be able to connect to this wireless network. Which of the following protocols should the engineer implement to ensure the STRONGEST encryption? WPS WPA2 WAP HTTPS

WPA2

An attacker browses a company's online job board attempting to find any relevant information regarding the technologies the company uses. Which of the following BEST describes this social engineering technique? Hoax Reconnaissance Impersonation Pretexting

Reconnaissance

During an incident response process involving a laptop, a host was identified as the entry point for malware. The management team would like to have the laptop restored and given back to the user. The cybersecurity analyst would like to continue investigating the intrusion on the host. Which of the following would allow the analyst to continue the investigation and also return the laptop to the user as soon as possible? dd memdump tcpdump head

An analyst is trying to identify insecure services that are running on the internal network. After performing a port scan, the analyst identifies that a server has some insecure services enabled on default ports. Which of the following BEST describes the services that are currently running and the secure alternatives for replacing them? (Choose three.) SFTP, FTPS SNMPv2, SNMPv3 HTTP, HTTPS TFTP, FTP SNMPv1, SNMPv2 Telnet, SSH TLS, SSL POP, IMAP Login, rlogin

SNMPv2, SNMPv3 HTTP, HTTPS Telnet, SSH

A security analyst needs to produce a document that details how a security incident occurred, the steps that were taken for recovery, and how future incidents can be avoided. During which of the following stages of the response process will this activity take place? Recovery Identification Lessons learned Preparation

Lessons learned

PDQ

While investigating a recent security incident, a security analyst decides to view all network connections on a particular server. Which of the following would provide the desired information? arp nslookup netstat nmap

netstat

A company recently decided to allow its employees to use their personally owned devices for tasks like checking email and messaging via mobile applications. The company would like to use MDM, but employees are concerned about the loss of personal data. Which of the following should the IT department implement to BEST protect the company against company data loss while still addressing the employees’ concerns? Enable the remote-wiping option in the MDM software in case the phone is stolen. Configure the MDM software to enforce the use of PINs to access the phone. Configure MDM for FDE without enabling the lock screen. Perform a factory reset on the phone before installing the company's applications.

Enable the remote-wiping option in the MDM software in case the phone is stolen

The concept of connecting a user account across the systems of multiple enterprises is BEST known as: federation. a remote access policy. multifactor authentication. single sign-on.

federation

A user received an SMS on a mobile phone that asked for bank details. Which of the following social-engineering techniques was used in this case? A. SPIM B. Vishing C. Spear phishing D. Smishing

Smishing

A company is working on mobile device security after a report revealed that users granted non-verified software access to corporate data. Which of the following is the MOST effective security control to mitigate this risk? Block access to application stores Implement OTA updates Update the BYOD policy Deploy a uniform firmware

Block access to application stores

A security analyst needs to implement security features across smartphones, laptops, and tablets. Which of the following would be the MOST effective across heterogeneous platforms? Enforcing encryption Deploying GPOs Removing administrative permissions Applying MDM software

Applying MDM software

The new Chief Information Security Officer at a company has asked the security team to implement stronger user account policies. The new policies require: * Users to choose a password unique to their last ten passwords * Users to not log in from certain high-risk countries Which of the following should the security team implement? (Choose two.) Password complexity Password history Geolocation Geofencing Password reuse

Password history Geolocation

Which of the following is MOST likely to outline the roles and responsibilities of data controllers and data processors? SSAE SOC 2 PCI DSS GDPR ISO 31000

GDPR

Which of the following is MOST likely to contain ranked and ordered information on the likelihood and potential impact of catastrophic events that may affect business processes and systems, while also highlighting the residual risks that need to be managed after mitigating controls have been implemented? An RTO report A risk register A business impact analysis An asset value register A disaster recovery plan

Risk register

A worldwide manufacturing company has been experiencing email account compromises. In one incident, a user logged in from the corporate office in France, but then seconds later, the same user account attempted a login from Brazil. Which of the following account policies would BEST prevent this type of attack? Network location Impossible travel time Geolocation Geofencing

Impossible travel time

A new vulnerability in the SMB protocol on the Windows systems was recently discovered, but no patches are currently available to resolve the issue. The security administrator is concerned that servers in the company’s DMZ will be vulnerable to external attack; however, the administrator cannot disable the service on the servers, as SMB is used by a number of internal systems and applications on the LAN. Which of the following TCP ports should be blocked for all external inbound connections to the DMZ as a workaround to protect the servers? (Choose two.) 135 139 143 161 443 445

139 445

A recent phishing campaign resulted in several compromised user accounts. The security incident response team has been tasked with reducing the manual labor of filtering through all the phishing emails as they arrive and blocking the sender’s email address, along with other time-consuming mitigation actions. Which of the following can be configured to streamline those tasks? SOAR playbook MDM policy Firewall rules RL filter SIEM data collection

SOAR playbook

A user reports constant lag and performance issues with the wireless network when working at a local coffee shop. A security analyst walks the user through an installation of Wireshark and gets a five-minute pcap to analyze. The analyst observes the following output: No. Time Source Protocol Length 1234 9.1195665 Sagemcom_87:9f:a3 802.11 38 1235 9.1265649 Sagemcom_87:9f:a3 802.11 39 1236 9.2223212 Sagemcom_87:9f:a3 802.11 38 Info Deauthentication, SN=655, FN=0 Deauthentication, SN=655, FN=0 Deauthentication, SN=657, FN=0 Session replay Evil twin Bluejacking ARP poisoning

Evin twin

A security analyst is reviewing the following output from a system: TCP 192.168.10.10:70 192.168.1.2:60101 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:70 192.168.1.2:60102 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:70 192.168.1.2:60103 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:70 192.168.1.2:60104 TIME_WAIT TCP 192.168.10.10:70 192.168.1.2:60105 TIME_WAIT Which of the following is MOST likely being observed? ARP poisoning Man in the middle Denial of service DNS poisoning

Denial of service

Which of the following concepts BEST describes tracking and documenting changes to software and managing access to files and systems? Version control Continuous monitoring Stored procedures Automation

Version control

A penetration tester is brought on site to conduct a full attack simulation at a hospital. The penetration tester notices a WAP that is hanging from the drop ceiling by its cabling and is reachable. Which of the following recommendations would the penetration tester MOST likely make given this observation? Employ a general contractor to replace the drop-ceiling tiles. Place the network cabling inside a secure conduit. Secure the access point and cabling inside the drop ceiling. Utilize only access points that have internal antennas

Which of the following techniques eliminates the use of rainbow tables for password cracking? Hashing Tokenization Asymmetric encryption Salting

Salting

During a security assessment, a security analyst finds a file with overly permissive permissions. Which of the following tools will allow the analyst to reduce the permissions for the existing users and groups and remove the set-user-ID bit from the file? ls chflags chmod lsof setuid

chmod

A network administrator is concerned about users being exposed to malicious content when accessing company cloud applications. The administrator wants to be able to block access to sites based on the AUP. The users must also be protected because many of them work from home or at remote locations, providing on-site customer support. Which of the following should the administrator employ to meet these criteria? Implement NAC. Implement an SWG. Implement a URL filter. Implement an MDM.

Implement an SWG

A website developer is working on a new e-commerce website and has asked an information security expert for the most appropriate way to store credit card numbers to create an easy reordering process. Which of the following methods would BEST accomplish this goal? Salting the magnetic strip information Encrypting the credit card information in transit Hashing the credit card numbers upon entry Tokenizing the credit cards in the database

Tokenizing the credit cards in the database

Which of the following supplies non-repudiation during a forensics investigation? Dumping volatile memory contents first Duplicating a drive with dd Using a SHA-2 signature of a drive image Logging everyone in contact with evidence Encrypting sensitive data

Using a SHA-2 signature of a drive image

A security analyst is tasked with classifying data to be stored on company servers. Which of the following should be classified as proprietary? Customers’ dates of birth Customers’ email addresses Marketing strategies Employee salaries

Marketing strategies

Which of the following holds staff accountable while escorting unauthorized personnel? Locks Badges Cameras Visitor logs

Badges

An organization’s Chief Security Officer (CSO) wants to validate the business’s involvement in the incident response plan to ensure its validity and thoroughness. Which of the following will the CSO MOST likely use? An external security assessment A bug bounty program A tabletop exercise A red-team engagement

A tabletop exercise

Which of the following documents provides guidance regarding the recommended deployment of network security systems from the manufacturer? Cloud control matrix Reference architecture NIST RMF CIS Top 20

Reference architecture

During a recent security assessment, a vulnerability was found in a common OS. The OS vendor was unaware of the issue and promised to release a patch within the next quarter. Which of the following BEST describes this type of vulnerability? Legacy operating system Weak configuration Zero day Supply chain

Zero day

Which of the following is a targeted attack aimed at compromising users within a specific industry or group? Watering hole Typosquatting Hoax Impersonation

Watering hole

To reduce and limit software and infrastructure costs, the Chief Information Officer has requested to move email services to the cloud. The cloud provider and the organization must have security controls to protect sensitive data. Which of the following cloud services would BEST accommodate the request? IaaS PaaS DaaS SaaS

SaaS

A security engineer is concerned that the strategy for detection on endpoints is too heavily dependent on previously defined attacks. The engineer would like a tool to monitor for changes to key files and network traffic on the device. Which of the following tools BEST addresses both detection and prevention? NIDS HIPS AV NGFW

HIPS

During a recent incident, an external attacker was able to exploit an SMB vulnerability over the internet. Which of the following action items should a security analyst perform FIRST to prevent this from occurring again? Check for any recent SMB CVEs. Install AV on the affected server. Block unneeded TCP 445 connections. Deploy a NIDS in the affected subnet.

Block unneeded TCP 445 connections.

A penetration tester is fuzzing an application to identify where the EIP of the stack is located on memory. Which of the following attacks is the penetration tester planning to execute? Race-condition Pass-the-hash Buffer overflow XSS

Buffer overflow

Server administrators want to configure a cloud solution so that computing memory and processor usage is maximized most efficiently across a number of virtual servers. They also need to avoid potential denial-of-service situations caused by availability. Which of the following should administrators configure to maximize system availability while efficiently utilizing available computing power? Dynamic resource allocation High availability Segmentation Container security

Dynamic resource allocation

While reviewing the wireless router, a systems administrator of a small business determines someone is spoofing the MAC address of an authorized device. Given the table below: Hostname IP address MAC MAC filter PC1 192.168.1.20 00:1E:1B:43:21:B2 On PC2 192.168.1.23 31:1C:3C:13:25:C4 Off PC3 192.168.1.25 20:A2:22:45:11:D2 On UNKNOWN 192.168.1.21 12:44:B2:FF:A1:22 Off Which of the following should be the administrator’s NEXT step to detect if there is a rogue system without impacting availability? Conduct a ping sweep Physically check each system Deny internet access to the "UNKNOWN" hostname. Apply MAC filtering.

Conduct a ping sweep

A security analyst in a SOC has been tasked with onboarding a new network into the SIEM. Which of the following BEST describes the information that should feed into a SIEM solution in order to adequately support an investigation? Logs from each device type and security layer to provide correlation of events Only firewall logs since that is where attackers will most likely try to breach the network Email and web-browsing logs because user behavior is often the cause of security breaches NetFlow because it is much more reliable to analyze than syslog and will be exportable from every device

Logs from each device type and security layer to provide correlation of events

An organization just implemented a new security system. Local laws state that citizens must be notified prior to encountering the detection mechanism to deter malicious activities. Which of the following is being implemented? Proximity cards with guards Fence with electricity Drones with alarms Motion sensors with signage

Motion sensors with signage