Exchange Surfaces

Question 1

What is an exchange surface?

Answer 1

An exchange surface is a structure that facilitates the exchange of substances between the internal and external environments of an organism.

Question 2

True or False: Larger organisms require more complex exchange surfaces.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The primary function of exchange surfaces is to maximize _______.

Answer 3

diffusion

Question 4

What are the key features of an effective exchange surface?

Answer 4

Large surface area, thin barrier, moist surface, and a rich blood supply.

Question 5

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a feature of efficient exchange surfaces? A) Thin walls B) Large surface area C) Low temperature D) Moist environment

Answer 5

C) Low temperature

Question 6

What is the role of alveoli in the respiratory system?

Answer 6

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs that facilitate gas exchange between the air and blood.

Question 7

True or False: Gases diffuse from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is the purpose of the villi in the small intestine?

Answer 8

Villi increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs is called _______.

Answer 9

gas exchange

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which gas is primarily exchanged in the alveoli? A) Nitrogen B) Oxygen C) Carbon Dioxide D) Argon

Answer 10

B) Oxygen

Question 11

What is the significance of a moist exchange surface?

Answer 11

A moist surface facilitates the diffusion of gases and other substances.

Question 12

True or False: The surface area to volume ratio decreases as organisms grow larger.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What are the adaptations of the gills in fish for gas exchange?

Answer 13

Gills have a large surface area, thin walls, and a rich blood supply.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: In plants, the exchange of gases occurs primarily through _______.

Answer 14

stomata

Question 15

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a method of increasing the efficiency of gas exchange? A) Reducing surface area B) Increasing thickness of the barrier C) Maintaining a steep concentration gradient D) None of the above

Answer 15

C) Maintaining a steep concentration gradient

Question 16

What is countercurrent exchange?

Answer 16

Countercurrent exchange is a mechanism that maximizes the efficiency of gas exchange by having blood and water flow in opposite directions.

Question 17

True or False: The majority of gas exchange in humans occurs in the bronchi.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

What role does hemoglobin play in gas exchange?

Answer 18

Hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it in tissues, facilitating oxygen transport.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the primary site of gas exchange in the human body.

Answer 19

lung

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for the actual exchange of gases? A) Trachea B) Alveoli C) Bronchi D) Larynx

Answer 20

B) Alveoli

Question 21

What is the function of the nasal cavity in respiration?

Answer 21

The nasal cavity warms, moistens, and filters air before it enters the lungs.

Question 22

True or False: The larger the organism, the easier it is for it to rely solely on diffusion for gas exchange.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the significance of a high surface area to volume ratio in exchange surfaces?

Answer 23

A high surface area to volume ratio allows for more efficient exchange of substances.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: In insects, gas exchange occurs through openings called _______.

Answer 24

spiracles

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an adaptation of the alveoli? A) Thick walls B) Large surface area C) Low blood supply D) None of the above

Answer 25

B) Large surface area

Question 26

What is the role of capillaries in exchange surfaces?

Answer 26

Capillaries facilitate the exchange of substances between blood and tissues due to their thin walls and extensive networks.

Question 27

True or False: Stomata are involved in gas exchange in both plants and animals.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

What is the primary gas exchanged by plants during photosynthesis?

Answer 28

Oxygen

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs occurs via _______.

Answer 29

diffusion

Question 30

Multiple Choice: Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of diffusion? A) Concentration gradient B) Temperature C) Surface area D) Color of the substance

Answer 30

D) Color of the substance

Question 31

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 31

To facilitate gas exchange between the body and the environment.

Question 32

True or False: Diffusion is the only method of transport for gases in the body.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What adaptation do the lungs have to increase efficiency of gas exchange?

Answer 33

The lungs contain numerous alveoli to increase surface area.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The process of inhalation is primarily driven by the contraction of the _______.

Answer 34

diaphragm

Question 35

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a disadvantage of a small surface area to volume ratio? A) Increased efficiency B) Difficulty in maintaining temperature C) Reduced diffusion rate D) None of the above

Answer 35

C) Reduced diffusion rate

Question 36

What is the importance of maintaining a steep concentration gradient in exchange surfaces?

Answer 36

It enhances the rate of diffusion of gases.

Question 37

True or False: The structure of gills allows fish to extract oxygen from water efficiently.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What are the equations to calculate the surface area to volume ratio of a sphere.

Answer 38

Surface area of a sphere: 4πr² Volume of a sphere: 4/3πr³

Question 39

What are the equations to calculate the surface area and volume ratio of a cylinder?

Answer 39

Surface area: 2πrh+2πr² Volume:πr²h

Question 40

What are the equations to calculate the surface area to volume ratio of a cube.

Answer 40

Surface area: 6x² Volume: x³

Question 41

Why do organisms with a larger surface area to volume ratio generally require specialised exchange surfaces?

Answer 41

These specialised exchange surfaces helps the organism to meet demands and metabolic rate demand so it can function efficiently.

Question 42

What is the process of pathway through the lungs.

Answer 42

Lungs (either lung) > trachea > bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli.

Question 43

Why can gas exchange generally not occur in the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles?

Answer 43

This is because they are impermeable to gases.

Question 44

What are general adaptations of the alveoli for gas exchange?