exchange surfaces and breathing

Question 1

what is the protective exoskeleton of insects is made of

Answer 1

chitin - which is a polysaccharide

Question 2

what are spiracles and where are they found in insects

Answer 2

they are small pores and are found on the surface of the exoskeleton of the insect

Question 3

function of spiracles (insects)

Answer 3

allows gases (oxygen and co2) to enter and leave the tracheae

Question 4

whats a thorax

Answer 4

the area of the lungs

Question 5

what do spiracles lead to (insects)

Answer 5

they lead to a network of tubes carrying air into tissues directly (the tracheae)

Question 6

what are tracheoles (insects only)

Answer 6

fine tubes 1 micrometer diameter that branch off the tracheae

Question 7

define terrestrial

Answer 7

on or off of DRY land

Question 8

are tracheoles (in insects) cells or tissues

Answer 8

each is a cell individually

Question 9

whys there a short diffusion distance for gases between the tracheoles and cells (insects)

Answer 9

tracheoles have a narrow diameter and are close to cells

Question 10

what causes tracheal fluid to move into the cells of the insect and why

Answer 10

when the cells around the tracheoles undergo anaerobic respiration and produce lactic acid, the cells’ water potential gets lowered by osmosis

Question 11

whats the function of tracheal systems in INSECTSSTSTSS

Answer 11

they directly supply air to respiring tissues

Question 12

in insects, where exactly does gaseous exchange occur in the tracheoles

Answer 12

between the tracheoles air and its fluid

Question 13

how do tracheole walls increase in surface area to absorb more oxygen when the insect is active and needs oxygen

Answer 13

the tracheal fluid is withdrawn into the body fluid