Excretion Flashcards
(52 cards)
Name the three main organs involved in excretion
Skin, lungs, kidneys
What does the skin do in relation to excretion
Controls temperature by excreting sweat
What is sweat composed of
Salts and water
What happens if it’s too hot
Sweat, hairs lie flat, arterioles widen
What happens when it’s too cold
Hairs stand up, shivering, arterioles constrict
Name the two skin layers
Epidermis, dermis
Name the layers in the epidermis
Cornified, granular, malphigian
What is a function of the epidermis
Protects from pathogens
What does the malphigian layer do
Produces melanin, undergoes mitosis and makes cells
What does melanin do
Protects against uv rays
What is the function of the dermis
Protects from bumps and cushions internal organs
What is in the dermis
Arterioles, venules, capillaries, nerve endings
What do the nerve endings feel
Temperature, pain, pressure
What defines an ectotherm
Gain/lose heat from/to the environment
What defines an endotherm
Generate their own heat through metabolic activities
What do lungs excrete
Carbon dioxide and water vapour
How does oxygen diffuse into the blood
Through alveoli
How does carbon dioxide and water diffuse out of the body
From the blood into the alveoli and out of the lungs
What do the kidneys excrete
Excess salts, water, urea in the form of urine
What if the mainfunction of the kidneys
Filtering the blood
What is urea
Broken down amino acids
Where are amino acids broken down
Liver
What does the urinary system include
Two kidneys, two ureters, bladder, urethra
Name the blood supply of the kidneys
From aorta comes the renal artery and from the vena cava comes the renal vein
