Excretion

Question 1

What is excretion

Answer 1

The process of removing cellular waste. This helps to maintain pH and water balance in the body

Question 2

What is the purpose of the kidney?

Answer 2

Removes waste such as urea, balanced blood pH and maintains water balance in the blood.

Question 3

What does the alveoli do?

Answer 3

Exchanges gas in the lungs

Question 4

What is the function of the mouth and nostrils?

Answer 4

Air enters the respiratory system.

Question 5

What’s the function of the nasal cavity?

Answer 5

Provides moisture, allows gases to dissolve and diffuse, warms the air, filters and traps particles using hair and mucous.

Question 6

What’s the function of the pharynx?

Answer 6

Passage for food and air. (Throat)

Question 7

What’s the function of the epiglottis?

Answer 7

Flap covering trachea during swallowing

Question 8

What’s the function of the larynx?

Answer 8

Voice box, contains 2 ligaments vocal cords, air passes, vibrates ligaments and produces sound

Question 9

What’s the function of the trachea?

Answer 9

Windpipe, liked with cilia, mucus traps particles, cilia carries particles to the mouth

Question 10

What’s the function of the bronchi?

Answer 10

2 branches of the trachea

Question 11

What’s the function of the bronchioles?

Answer 11

Smaller branches and rings of muscles

Question 12

What’s the function of alveoli?

Answer 12

Tiny air sacs which the site of gas exchanges. Diffusing occurs with the concentration gradient (surfactant)

Question 13

What’s the purpose of pleural membranes?

Answer 13

Membranes containing lubricant on the outer surface of lungs to reduce friction

Question 14

What’s the purpose of the diaphragm?

Answer 14

Helps in inhalation and exhalation, separates thoracic and abdominal cavities

Question 15

What’s the function of intercostal muscles?

Answer 15

Muscles attached to the rib cage, helps with inhalation and exhalation.

Question 16

What is tidal volume?

Answer 16

Volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled in a normal breath.

Question 17

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 17

Addition volume of air that can be taken into the lungs.

Question 18

What is expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 18

Additional volume of air that can be forced out of lungs.

Question 19

What is vital capacity?

Answer 19

Total volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs.

Question 20

What is residual volume?

Answer 20

Amount of air that remains in the lungs.

Question 21

What is homeostasis?

Answer 21

A stable balance internal environment of the body that includes temperature, fluids, and wastes.

Question 22

What is a homeostatic mechanism?

Answer 22

Anything that helps to keep the internal environment stable.

Question 23

What does the skin do?

Answer 23

Maintains heat by producing sweat.

Question 24

What do the lungs do?

Answer 24

Helps remove CO2

Question 25

What does the large intestine do?

Answer 25

Removed toxic wastes.

Question 26

What does the liver do?

Answer 26

Converts toxins into soluble components. Destroys old RBC by converting hemoglobin into bile pigment.

Question 27

What does the kidney do?

Answer 27

Removed wastes such as urea, balances blood pH and maintains water balance in blood.

Question 28

What does plasma do?

Answer 28

Carries nutrients throughout blood and body.

Question 30

What does the liver produce?

Answer 30

It produces uric acid which is formed by the breakdown of nucleic acids. (DNA).

Question 32

What is deamination?

Answer 32

The removal of nitrogenous wastes from amino acids and produced urea

Question 33

Function of kidney?

Answer 33

Site of blood filtration urine production.

Question 34

Function of renal artery?

Answer 34

Brings oxygenated blood to the kidneys.

Question 35

Function of renal vein?

Answer 35

Brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Question 36

Function of ureter?

Answer 36

Brings waste to bladder.

Question 37

Function of bladder?

Answer 37

Temporary urine storage.

Question 38

Function of urethra?

Answer 38

Brings waste from bladder, out of system.

Question 39

What is the cortex?

Answer 39

Where filtration occurs.

Question 40

What is the medulla?

Answer 40

Water absorption.

Question 41

What is the renal pelvis?

Answer 41

Collects waste (urine) and joins kidneys to ureter.

Question 42

What are nephrons?

Answer 42

They are responsible for filtering blood and the formation of urine.

Question 43

Afferent arteriole?

Answer 43

Brings blood to glomerulus from renal artery.

Question 44

Efferent arteriole?

Answer 44

Leaves glomerulus, takes blood to the capillary net.

Question 45

Glomerulus?

Answer 45

Ball of capillaries - sure of pressure filtration.

Question 46

Step 1: filtration

Answer 46

Blood enters glomerulus, blood has high pressure, forced substances into the bowmans capsule, blood cells, proteins and platelets remain in blood.

Question 47

Step 2: reabsorption

Answer 47

Occurs in the proximal tubules, filtrate is absorbed back into the blood by osmosis,

Question 48

Step 3: secretion

Answer 48

Secretion occurs in the distal tube, excess molecules like nitrogen is transported to the nephron, remaining is now urine.