Excretion (mocks)

Question 1

Name 6 things that can be found in the glomerular filtrate.

Answer 1

1. Water
2. Nitrogenous waste
3. Glucose
4. Amino acids
5. Vitamins
6. Sodium + chloride ions

Question 2

Explain how ultrafiltration takes place.

Answer 2

The diameter of the afferent arteriole is bigger than the diameter of the efferent arteriole creating a buildup of hydrostatic pressure which forces the small soluble molecules in the blood into the bowman’s capsule.

Question 3

Name 4 substances that are reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 3

Glucose, amino acids, vitamins, some sodium and chloride ions.

Question 4

Name 2 things reabsorbed in the loop of henle.

Answer 4

Water (via osmosis), sodium and chloride ions.

Question 5

Explain how ADH causes reabsorption of water

Answer 5

1. Presence of ADH detected by receptors in membrane of collecting duct.
2. Enzyme active phosphorylase produced.
3. Vesicles containing water permeable channels move to and fuse with the membrane of the cells
4. Water diffuses down the water potential gradient out of the collecting duct.