Exercise 1 - Directional Terms, Body Planes and Sections, Body Cavities

Question 1

Above/Below: Placement of structure along the long axis of the body.

Answer 1

Superior/Inferior

Nose is superior to the mouth
Abdomen is inferior to the chest

Question 2

Front/Back

Answer 2

Anterior/Posterior

Face,Chest, Abdomen are anterior
Spine is Posterior to the heart

Question 3

Toward the midline/Away from the midline or Median Plane

Answer 3

Medial/Lateral

Sternum is medial to the ribs
Ear is lateral to the nose

Question 4

Toward the head/Toward the tail

Answer 4

Cephalad (cranial)/Caudal

Question 5

Belly Side/Backside

Answer 5

Ventral/Dorsal

Question 6

Nearer the trunk or attached end/Farther from the trunk or point of attachment

Answer 6

Proximal/Distal

Question 7

Toward or at the body surface/Away from the body surface

Answer 7

Superficial (external)/ Deep (internal)

Question 8

Divides the body into right and left parts

Answer 8

Sagittal Plane

Question 9

Divides the body into equal parts right down the midline of the body

Answer 9

Median or Midsagittal Plane

Question 10

Plane that is longitudinal plane that divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior parts

Answer 10

Frontal Plane (or coronal plane)

Question 11

Plane runs horizontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

Answer 11

Transverse Plane

Question 12

When organs are sectioned along the transverse plane, the sections are commonly called

Answer 12

Cross Sections

Question 13

Encases the brain

Answer 13

Cranial Cavity

Question 14

Encloses the spinal cord

Answer 14

Vertebral cavity

Question 15

Cranial Cavity and Vertebral Cavity are subdivided into the

Answer 15

Dorsal Body Cavity

Question 16

Dome Shaped Diaphragm that has the heart and lungs

Answer 16

Thoracic Cavity

Question 17

Houses the stomach, Intestines, Liver and other organs

Answer 17

Abdominal Cavity

Question 18

Enclosed by the bony pelvis and contains reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum

Answer 18

Pelvic Cavity

Question 19

Contains the Thoracic Cavity, Abdominopelvic Cavity, Abdominal Cavity, Pelvic Cavity

Answer 19

Ventral Body Cavity

Question 20

Walls of the ventral body cavity and the outer surfaces of the organs it contains are covered with a very thin, double layered membrane called

Answer 20

Serosa or Serous Membrane

Question 21

Part of the membrane lining the cavity walls is referred to as

Answer 21

Parietal Serosa

Question 22

Covering the external surface of the organs within the cavity - membrane

Answer 22

Visceral Serosa

Question 23

Serosa lining the abdominal cavity and covering its organs is the

Answer 23

Peritoneum

Question 24

Serosa enclosing the lungs is the

Answer 24

Pleura

Question 25

Serosa around the heart is the

Answer 25

Pericardium

Question 26

Scheme that divides the abdominal surface and the abdominopelvic cavity into four approximately equal regions is called

Answer 26

Quadrants

Question 27

Centermost region which includes the umbilicus (naval)

Answer 27

Umbilical Region

Question 28

Immediately superior to the umbilical region; overlies most of the stomach

Answer 28

Epigastric Region

Question 29

Immediately inferior to the umbilical region; encompasses the pubic area

Answer 29

Pubic (hypogastric) Region

Question 30

Lateral to the hypogastric region and overlying the superior parts of the hip bones

Answer 30

Inguinal or iliac Regions

Question 31

Between the ribs and the flaring portions of the hip bones; lateral to the umbilical region

Answer 31

Lateral (Lumbar) Regions

Question 32

Flanking the epigastric region laterally and overlying the lower ribs

Answer 32

Hypochondriac Regions

Question 33

Cavity that contains the mouth tongue and teeth - continuous with the rest of the digestive tube

Answer 33

Oral Cavity

Question 34

Located within and posterior to the nose; the cavity is part of the passages of the respiratory system

Answer 34

Nasal Cavity

Question 35

Cavities in the skull house the eyes and present them in an anterior position

Answer 35

Orbital Cavities

Question 36

Cavities that contain tiny bones that transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ears

Answer 36

Middle Ear Cavities

Question 37

Joint Cavities enclosed within fibrous capsules that surround the freely movable joints of the body

Answer 37

Synovial Cavities