Exercise 2

Question 1

Which organelle is a gel-like substance that fills the cellular space and helps maintain the cell shape?

Answer 1

cytoplasm

Question 2

which organelle is the location of the chromosomes?

Answer 2

nucleus

Question 3

which organelle is a double membrane which operates the cytoplasm from the contents of the nucleus?

Answer 3

nuclear membrane

Question 4

which organelle contains small openings in the nuclear envelope that allows substances to pass into and out of the nucleus?

Answer 4

nuclear pores

Question 5

which organelles synthesizes ribosome components?

Answer 5

nucleolus

Question 6

which organelles synthesize proteins?

Answer 6

ribosomes

Question 7

which organelle synthesizes proteins for export out of the cell?

Answer 7

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

which organelle is responsible for synthesizing carbohydrates and lipids?

Answer 8

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

which organelle modifies and transports proteins and lipids produced by the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 9

golgi complex

Question 10

which organelle produces energy in the stored for of ATP?

Answer 10

mitochondria

Question 11

which organelle synthesizes the spindle apparatus for cell division?

Answer 11

centriole

Question 12

which organelle provides internal support and assists with cellular movements?

Answer 12

cytoskeleton

Question 13

which organelle separates the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid and controls which substances can enter/exit the cell?

Answer 13

cell membrane

Question 14

which organelle is responsible for transporting substances to the cell membrane for export?

Answer 14

secretory vesicle

Question 15

which organelle is filled with digestive enzymes the break down biological molecules and dispose of worn-out organelles?

Answer 15

lysosomes

Question 16

which organelle neutralizes hydrogen peroxide (a toxic by product of metabolism)?

Answer 16

peroxisome

Question 17

describe prophase

Answer 17

chromosomes condense and become tightly compacted, centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell, and the centrioles begin producing the spindle apparatus.

Question 18

describe prometaphase

Answer 18

the nuclear envelope breaks apart freeing the chromosomes and the protein fibers of the spindle apparatus connect to chromosomes.

Question 19

describe metaphase

Answer 19

the chromosomes align along the central equator of the cell.

Question 20

describe anaphase

Answer 20

the chromosomes separate at the centromeres and the spindle apparatus pulls apart the individual sister chromatids to opposite poles.

Question 21

describe telophase

Answer 21

the spindle apparatus detaches from the sister chromatids, the nuclear envelope reforms, and the now unduplicated chromosomes decondense.

Question 22

ana-

Answer 22

apart

Question 23

centri-

Answer 23

center

Question 24

chondro-

Answer 24

grain

Question 25

cili-

Answer 25

eyelash

Question 26

cyto-

Answer 26

cell

Question 27

-elle

Answer 27

small

Question 28

endo-

Answer 28

inside

Question 29

flagello-

Answer 29

whip

Question 30

kine-

Answer 30

motion

Question 31

lyso-

Answer 31

breakdown

Question 32

mero-

Answer 32

segment

Question 33

meta-

Answer 33

beyond

Question 34

micro-

Answer 34

small

Question 35

mito-

Answer 35

filament

Question 36

nucleo-

Answer 36

nucleus

Question 37

oculo-

Answer 37

eye

Question 38

-ole

Answer 38

small

Question 39

organo-

Answer 39

tool

Question 40

plasm-

Answer 40

shaped

Question 41

podo-

Answer 41

foot

Question 42

pro-

Answer 42

first

Question 43

pseudo-

Answer 43

false

Question 44

reti-

Answer 44

network

Question 45

scopo-

Answer 45

see

Question 46

telo-

Answer 46

last

Question 47

vesico-

Answer 47

bladder

Question 48

villo-

Answer 48

hair