exercise psychology

Question 1

why do people exercise

Answer 1

weight control
self presentation
reduce risk of cardiovascular disease eg bp
reduce stress
reduce anxiety
enjoyment
self esteem
socialise

Question 2

PA guidelines

Answer 2

recommendation for duration volume and frequency
evidence based
moderate to vigorous
not much awareness

Question 3

does physical activity increase or decrease as you get older

Answer 3

increase

Question 4

reasons for not exercising

Answer 4

lack of time
energy
motivation
research = internal controllable causes

Question 5

why 60-78 yrs don’t exercise

Answer 5

health reasons
women had more internal barriers

Question 6

why 18-78 don’t exercise

Answer 6

similar to adults plus academic pressure
or siblings don’t

Question 7

result of sedentary behaviour

Answer 7

decreased fitness, academic achievement, self esteem, prosocial behaviour

Question 8

sedentary behaviour intervention

Answer 8

goal setting
preplanning
positive reinforcement

Question 9

problems with adherence

Answer 9

prescription on fitnes data
not optimal for enhancing motivation
restrictive
rigid
doesn’t promote self responsibility

Question 10

solution to adherence

Answer 10

smaller goals

Question 11

health belief model Rosenstock

Answer 11

explain and predict health behaviours
focus on attitudes and beliefs
based on desire to avoid illness

Question 12

health belief model - perceived susceptibility

Answer 12

opinion of chances of getting ill

Question 13

health belief model - perceived severity

Answer 13

opinion of how serious a condition is

Question 14

health belief model - perceived benefits

Answer 14

belief in efficacy of advised action to reduce illness

Question 15

health belief model- perceived barriers

Answer 15

opinion of tangible and psychological costs

Question 16

health belief model - cues to action

Answer 16

strategies to activate readiness

Question 17

theory of planned behaviour

Answer 17

extension of reasoned action

Question 18

reasoned action

Answer 18

performance of behaviour is determined by a persons intention to perform that behaviour

Question 19

assumptions of theory of planned behaviour

Answer 19

behaviour is under voluntary control
people think about consequences first

Question 20

hats highly correlated with behaviour

Answer 20

intention

Question 21

theory of reasoned action - attitudes towards act

Answer 21

what they believe they will gain from a behaviour and evaluation

Question 22

theory of reasoned action - subjective norm

Answer 22

social pressure individual believes is being placed on them to do or not do something

Question 23

theory of planned behaviour difference to reasoned action

Answer 23

intentions not sole predictors
added in perceived behavioural control

Question 24

theory of planned behaviour - perceived behavioural control

Answer 24

how easy or hard an individual thinks performing will be

Question 25

perceived behavioural control feeds into intention via

Answer 25

self efficacy

Question 26

perceived behavioural control feeds into behaviour via

Answer 26

controllability

Question 27

is TPB or TRA better

Answer 27

TPB - controllability of perceived behavioural control has the largest effect t size

Question 28

transtheoretical model

Answer 28

individuals progress through stages of change and movement is cyclic not linear as lots of people don't maintain exercise

Question 29

components of transtheoretical model

Answer 29

(entr) pre contemplation contemplation determination action relapse maintenance exit and reenter at any point

Question 30

transtheoretical model - precontemplation

Answer 30

no intention to change behaviour in 60 months demoralised about change defensive about social pressures uninformed about consequences

Question 31

transtheoretical model - contemplation

Answer 31

do think about changing behaviour in 6 months last 2 years

Question 32

transtheoretical model - preparation

Answer 32

started exercise fewer than 3 a week no benefits have action plan

Question 33

transtheoretical model - action

Answer 33

regular exercise more than 20mins 3 times less than 6. months highest relapse point

Question 34

transtheoretical model - maintenance

Answer 34

regular more than 6 months likely to maintain boredom increase SE to overcome barriers intrinsically motivated

Question 35

transtheoretical model - termination

Answer 35

behaviour has been changed 5 years resistant to relapse

Question 36

pros and cons within the transtheoretical model

Answer 36

pros increase everyktage with the largest change between pro contemplation and contemplation

Question 37

precontempltion interventions

Answer 37

provide info eg news

Question 38

contemplation intervention

Answer 38

opportunities too ask questions provide info about types provide cues for actions

Question 39

preparation intervention

Answer 39

opportunity to be active support feedback ]reinform]cement express concerns different types support groups

Question 40

action interventions

Answer 40

continued support identify barriers educate about relapse teach skills to deal with barriers

Question 41

maintenance intervention

Answer 41

social support education enjoyable reward system

Question 42

strategies for enhancing exercise

Answer 42

behavioural modification approach reinforcement approach cognitive behavioural approach

Question 43

behavioural modification approach

Answer 43

prompts (cue they can't miss) systematic change environment around them 10-25% increase

Question 44

reinforcement approach

Answer 44

foodback self monitoring keeping record eg watch sig increase in step count and exercise non sig decrease in sed behaviour increase self awareness more motivation

Question 45

self monitoring

Answer 45

control with no device had less increase in walking but more enjoyment

Question 46

cognitive behavioural approach

Answer 46

goal setting with action plans