Existentialism Flashcards
(6 cards)
What is existentialism?
A philosophical theory focusing on individual freedom, choice, and responsibility in a meaningless or absurd universe. It emphasizes the lived experience of the thinking, feeling, acting individual.
What does ‘existence precedes essence’ mean?
It means we are not born with a predetermined purpose or nature—we exist first, then define who we are through our actions and choices.
What is bad faith and why do people live in bad faith?
Bad faith is self-deception or lying to oneself to avoid the anxiety of freedom. People live in bad faith to escape responsibility and the burden of creating their own essence.
What does it mean when there is no reality except an action?
It means that we define ourselves not by what we think or intend, but by what we actually do. Identity is shaped through actions, not potential or words.
Why does Sartre feel that his reality is optimistic?
Because even though there’s no inherent meaning in life, humans have total freedom to create their own values, purpose, and identity. This freedom is a form of empowerment.
How can you connect a poem to existentialism during analysis?
Look for themes of individual freedom, isolation, choice, absurdity, or the search for meaning. Ask: Does the speaker confront the void? Make choices despite uncertainty? Reflect on authentic existence or personal responsibility?
