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Microanatomy Unit 7 > Exocrine Glands > Flashcards

Exocrine Glands Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

Three major mechanisms of secretion

A 
holocrine = lysis
apocrine = shedding
merocrine = exocytosis
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2
Q

merocrine secretion in a sweat gland

A

eccrine

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3
Q

glands with holocrine secretion

A

sebaceous glands of skin

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4
Q

glands with apocrine secretion

A

mammary

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5
Q

glands with merocrine secretion

A

salivary, exocrine pancreas

and sweat

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6
Q

simple gland

A

single, unbranched duct

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7
Q

compound gland

A

branched ducts

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8
Q

composition on sebum

A

triglycerides, cholesterol, squalene, wax esters

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9
Q

cell types found in sweat glands

A
  • pale (clear)
  • dark
  • myoepithelial
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10
Q

Function of myoepithelial cells

A

actinomyosin-rich processes contract to expel secretory product

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11
Q

where are myoepithelial cells found

A

basal lamina

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12
Q

three types of acini found in salivary glands

A

serous, mucous, myoepithelial

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13
Q

mucous cells in salivary glands secrete

A

mucin

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14
Q

serous cells in salivary glands secrete

A

IgA and bicarbonate

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15
Q

serous cells in salivary glands absorb

A

Cl-

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16
Q

part of submandibular gland with mixed acini (mucous and serous)

A

serous demilune

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17
Q

are serous demilunes found in living tissue

A

no - artifacts of fixation

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18
Q

differences between pancreas and parotid glands in histology

A
  • parotid gland has lots of adipose tissue
  • pancreatic intralobular ducts are NOT striated
  • pancreas has islets of lagerhans
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19
Q

function of basal striations

A

house mitochondria

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20
Q

in what part of glands are basal striations found (if present)

A

intralobular ducts

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21
Q

which pancreatic cells produce bicarbonate

A

intralobular duct cells

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22
Q

examples of simple glands

A

sweat, sebaceous

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23
Q

examples of compound glands

A

salivary, exocrine pancreas

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24
Q

stain with H&E, secrete proteins, abundant basal RER and golgi, apical secretory granules, part of glandular epithelium in merocrine glands

A

serous cells

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25
secrete mucin, stained with PAS stain, abundant basal RER and golgi, mucin-filled apical secretory granules, part of glandular epithelium of merocrine glands
mucous cells
26
What are mucins stained with
periodic acid-schiff (PAS) stain
27
glycoproteins rich in complex carbs
mucin
28
located in basal lamina of glandular epithelium of merocrine glands, have long actinomyosin-rich processes, contract to expel secretory product
myoepithelial cells
29
myoepithelial cells are present in
sweat, salivary, mammary glands
30
what seal off the apical surface from the basal surface of glandular epithelium
tight junctions
31
goblet cells line
- small intestine | - resp epi of trachea
32
sebacous glands, eccrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands
multicellular simple glands
33
salivary glands, exocrine pancreas
multicellular compound glands
34
associated with hair follicles, origin of acne
sebaceous glands
35
pale (clear) cells produce
watery component of sweat
36
produce glycoproteins, proteins, bactericidal peptides
dark cells
37
what fibers stimulate eccrine sweat secretion
cholinergic fibers of sympathetic nervous system
38
eccrine (or/and) apocrine sweat glands are simple coiled tubule glands
and
39
associated with hair shafts
apocrine sweat glands
40
apocrine and eccrine sweat glands have ___ secretion
merocrine
41
what cells produce phermones
apocrine sweat glands
42
apocrine sweat glands are stimulated by what fibers
adrenergic fibers of sympathetic nervous system
43
lysozyme, lactoferrin, sIgA
present in saliva for immune defense
44
calcium and phosphate in saliva
help form pellicle
45
septa in salivary glands
extensions of capsule; divide parenchyma into lobules
46
components of connective tissue in salivary glands
- capillary plexus - nerves (parasym=stim, sym=inhib) - lymphocytes, plasma cells
47
unit of salivary glands containing acini, intercalated ducts, and interlobular excretory ducts
salivon
48
acini drain into
intercalated ducts
49
intercalated ducts drain into
intralobular ducts
50
intralobular ducts drain into
interlobular ducts (in septa)
51
interlobular ducts are located in
septa
52
serous cells of salivary glands secrete/absorb
- secrete sIgA, bicarbonate | - absorb chloride
53
do intercalated ducts have secretory granules
no
54
what cells line intercalated ducts
simple cuboidal
55
what cells line intralobular ducts
simple columnar
56
ducts where basal striations are found
intercalated ducts (submandibular gland - some, parotid, salivary)
57
glands where intercalated ducts ARE striated
submandidular (some), parotid, sailvary
58
glands were intercalated ducts ARE NOT striated
sublingual, exocrine pancreas
59
basal striations
basal membrane infoldings, house mito
60
what cells line interlobular ducts
stratified cuboidal-to-columnar
61
(plasma/serous) cells secrete dimeric IgA
plasma
62
(plasma/serous cells) secrete IgA receptor
serous (and intralobular ducts)
63
IgA mediates
transcytosis of IgA
64
submandibular gland
compound tubuloacinar
65
what kinds of acini are present in the submandibular gland
serous, mucous, mixed (artifacts)
66
serous cells of submandibular gland secrete
lysozyme
67
parotid gland
compound acinar
68
what kind of acini does the parotid gland have
serous
69
what does the parotid gland secrete
a-amylase
70
diagnostic feature of parotid gland
adipose tissue
71
sublingual gland
compound tubuloacinar
72
what kind of acini does the sublingual gland have
mostly mucous, some mixed
73
where are serous demilunes found
submandibular gland, some in sublingual gland
74
exocrine pancreas
compound acinar (like parotid)
75
what do septa of exocrine pancreas contain
blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, ducts
76
what does exocrine pancreas secrete?
digestive proenzymes | bicarbonate
77
proteases, lipases, nucleases, amylolytic enzymes
proenzymes secreted by pancreas
78
pancreatic enzymes work best at _____ pH, created by _____
- neutral | - bicarbonate
79
T/F pancrease produces protease inhibitors as well as proteases
True
80
enterokinase cleavage happens in the
duodenum
81
intercalated, intralobular, and interlobular ducts of exocrine pancreas secrete
bicarbonate
82
what hormone stimulates bicarbonate release
secretin
83
secretin
- stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate release - produced in enteroendocrine cells in duodenum - stimulated by CCK
84
what kind of acini does exocrine pancreas have
serous
85
CCK
- stimulates secretin | - produced by enteroendocrine cells in duodenum
86
abundant RER and golgi, apical zygomatic granules, lack myoepithelial cells
serous acini of exocrine pancreas
87
what ducts in exocrine pancreas produce bicarbonate
intercalated ducts
88
Islets of Langerhans
- endocrine pancreas | - diagnostic of pancreas
89
malignant tumors of glandular epithelia - most common tumors in adults
adenocarcinomas
90
salivary function can be impaired by
radiation, disease

Microanatomy Unit 7 (4 decks)

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