Exp 3: Enzymes Flashcards
(50 cards)
Identify the term:
biological catalysts that accelerate the rate of biochemical reactions
enzymes
Identify the mechanism:
how enzyme accelerates the reaction rate
by reducing free energy activation
( a factor of up to 10^20 over an uncatalyzed reaction)
T/F:
an enzyme is regenerated after the reaction
true
T/F:
an enzyme changes the equilibrium of the reaction
false;
does not change
Identify the term:
suffix to identify enzyme
Name+ase
Enumerate:
chemical nature of enzymes
- majority are proteins
- some are RNA: ribozymes
T/F:
enzymes function at MILDER reaction conditions
true
T/F:
enzymes are efficient in catalyzing LOWER reaction rate than a chemical catalyst
false;
higher
T/F:
enzymes have LOW reaction specificity
false;
greater reaction specificity
(some catalyze the reaction of only one stereoisomer; others catalyze a family of similar reactions)
Identify the term:
biomolecule acted upon by the enzyme
substrate
Identify the term:
specific region of the enzyme that creates a 3D surface complementary to the substrate
active site
Enumerate:
6 classes of enzymes
EC 1: oxidoreductases
EC 2: transferases
EC 3: hydrolases
EC 4:lyases
EC 5: isomerases
EC 6: ligases
Identify the enzyme class
(based on the type of reaction catalyzed):
1. redox reactions
2. transfer of electrons
(hydride ions or H atoms)
oxidoreductases
Identify the enzyme class
(based on the type of reaction catalyzed):
transfer of a group from one substrate (donor) to another (acceptor)
transferases
Identify the enzyme class
(based on the type of reaction catalyzed):
hydrolysis (addition of H2O) of C-C, C-O, C-N and bonds like phosphoanhydride
hydrolases
Identify the enzyme class
(based on the type of reaction catalyzed):
addition (other than H2O) of groups to double bonds or removal of groups to form double bonds
lyases
Identify the enzyme class
(based on the type of reaction catalyzed):
1. convert the substrate into its isomer
2. transfer of groups within molecules to form isomers
isomerases
Identify the enzyme class
(based on the type of reaction catalyzed):
joining 2 molecules with the hydrolysis of ATP
ligases
Enumerate:
subclasses of oxidoreductases
- oxidases
- oxygenase
- hydroxylase/ monooxygenase
- dehydrogenase
- reductase
Identify which subclass of oxidoreductases:
introduction of one oxygen atom from a molecule of O2
oxidases
Identify which subclass of oxidoreductases:
introduction of both atoms of the O2 into the substrate
oxygenase
Identify which subclass of oxidoreductases:
1 atom of O2 is introduced to the substrate and the other atom forms water
hydroxylase/ monooxygenase
Identify which subclass of oxidoreductases:
redox where electrons are removed from the substrate
dehydrogenase
Identify which subclass of oxidoreductases:
e- (with accompanying H+) are added to the substrate
reductase
