Experimental design Flashcards
What is experimental design
how participants are allocated to the conditions of the study.
what is repeated measures design
each participant takes part in every condition of the study.
What are the strengths of repeated measures design
-Eliminates participant variables as a participant is his/her own baseline
-Fewer participants are needed
- Counterbalancing can be used to minimize order effect
What are disadvantages of repeated measure design
-Risk of demand characteristics as subjects are allocated to all levels of the iv
-Risk of order effect
What is independent measures design
different groups of participants are used for each level of the IV.
What are the advantages of independent measures design
-No order effet because participants only encounter one level of the iv
-No risk of demand characteristics because participants experience the procedure once
What are disadvantages of independent measures design
-High risk of participant variables contaminating the DV and lowering validity of the data
-It requires a huge sample size
What is matched pairs design
participants are matched in pairs according to a characteristic they have, that is similar.
Strengths of matched pairs design
-No order effects
-ss only see one level of the iv which reduced the effect of demand characteristics
-Participant variables are less likely to distort the effect of the iv than in an independent measures design as individual differences are matched.
Weaknesses of matched pairs
-The availability of matching pairs may be limited making the sample size small
-Trying to match participants’ similar traits is very time-consuming.
